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ESS Comprehensive Assessment - Alexis Jared
ESS is a class about Earth and Space Science and the way we learn and interact with our enviroment.
41
Other
12th Grade
12/16/2019

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Cards

Term

Paleoclimatology

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Definition
Study of ancient climates
Term

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Carbon

Definition

 

The basic building block of all organic, living things on Earth

Term

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DNA

Definition
All life on Earth is based on this molecule
Term

Thermophiles/Barophiles

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Definition
Bacteria found in basaltic rocks miles underground; oil-eating bacteria found in oil deposits
Term

Halophiles

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Definition
Microbes that require salt concentrations up to 5 times greater than found in ocean water
Term

Methanogens

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Definition
Extremophiles found in many environments (without oxygen) that manufacture organic compounds from inorganic compounds
Term

Acidophiles/Alkaliphiles

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Definition
Microbes that thrive in conditions with pH levels less than 3 or greater than 9
Term

Lonely Planet Paradox

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Definition
States that building blocks of life seem to be everywhere, but complex life has not been found anywhere but Earth.
Term

Water

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Definition
It is a universal solvent, liquid at temperature which sustain reactions, and combines with other elements.
Term

Darwinian Evolution

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Definition
For a chemical to be alive it must be able to grow and have the capacity to reproduce.
Term

Time

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Definition
A uniquely human perspective developed through an investigation of the origin and evolution of our planet.
Term

Nicolaus Steno

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Definition
A Danish scientist recognized and formulated three simple, yet powerful, rules for the sequence of events for geologic formation
Term

Law of Superposition

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Definition
In any sequence of undeformed sedimentary rocks, the oldest rock is always at the bottom and the youngest is at the top
Term

Principle of Original Horizontality

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Definition
Sediment, when deposited, forms nearly horizontal layers because of gravity.
Term

Principle Cross-Cutting Relationships

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Definition
When a fault or an intrusive igneous rock cuts through existing sedimentary rocks, it must be younger than the structure it cuts.
Term

Unconformities

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Definition
Represent a long period during which deposition stopped, erosion removed previously formed rocks and then deposition resumed,
Term

Precambrian

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Definition
Makes up 85% of geologic time.
Term

Hadean

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Definition
Theia Impact, Period of Heavy Bombardment, molten Earth separated into layers.
Term

Archean

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Definition
Earth’s spin slows, continents begin to form, extremophiles exist in underground rock.
Term

Proterozoic

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Definition
Photosynthesizing bacteria oxygenate the atmosphere, Eukaryotic bacteria evolve, Ediacaran Period of multicellular life, Ends in “Snowball Earth”
Term

Components

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Definition
individual parts of a system
Term

Components of the Earth

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Definition

atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, geosphere, and biosphere

 

Term

Matter and energy

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Definition

are moved throughout each of Earth’s components due to uneven distributions of heat above or below ground

 

Term

Habitable Zone

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Definition

are geographies where conditions are right to support complex life

 

Term

Catastrophism

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Definition

he idea that Earth has been affected in the past by sudden, short-lived, violent events, possibly worldwide in scope

 

Term

Gradualism

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Definition

the idea that Earth has been changed profoundly over time by slow and continuous processes

 

Term

Uniformitarianism

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Definition
the idea that the same natural laws that operated in Earth's past are operating today
Term

Global Warming

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Definition

Variations in surface temperature and atmospheric CO2 concentrations recorded in ice cores illustrate the coupling between atmospheric CO2 and global climate

 

Term

Deforestation

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Definition

occurring in the tropics today as it did in North America a century ago, when it contributed to the early rise in atmospheric CO2

 

Term

Animal Agriculture

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Definition
Leading culprit when it comes to climate change
Term

Altitude

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Definition
Temperature of the troposphere decreases at a rate of 6.5 degrees Celsius per kilometer altitude increase
Term

Ocean Currents

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Definition

Warm water currents move from the equator toward the poles

Cold water currents move from the poles toward the equator 

 

Term

Ocean Proximity

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Definition
Areas along the coast have wetter climates with milder temperatures than inland areas with similar latitudes
Term

Global Wind Patterns

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Definition
The Coriolis Effect- the deflection in a fluid moving above the earth’s surface due to the earth’s rotation
Term

Humidity

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Definition
a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air which can be measured by a psychrometer
Term

Relative Humidity

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Definition
the amount of water vapor in the air compared with the amount that air can hold at a given temperature
Term

Air Pressure

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Definition

the force produced by the weight of a column of air pushing down on a given area, which can be measured by a barometer

 

Term

Temperatures

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Definition
average kinetic energy of the individual particles of matter, which can be measured by a thermometer
Term

Wind

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Definition
the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure, which can be measured by an anemometer
Term

Clouds

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Definition
concentrations of condensed water vapor
Term
Bibliography
Definition

Works Cited

“Lonely Planet: The Fermi Paradox - Where Are All the Aliens?: NowScience - Daily Science & Technology News: Fermi Paradox, Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence, Enrico Fermi.” Pinterest, www.pinterest.at/pin/657736720553584678/.

“Precambrian Era.” Walking With Wikis, walkingwith.fandom.com/wiki/Precambrian_Era.

Williams, Matt. “Planet Earth.” Universe Today, 26 May 2016, www.universetoday.com/14367/planet-earth/.

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