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ESS comprehensive Assessment
Exploration into earth and space
41
Science
12th Grade
12/16/2019

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Cards

Term
Earth Science

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Definition
name for the group of sciences that deals with Earth and its neighbors in space
Term
Geology

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Definition
study of Earth
Term
Oceanography

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Definition
study of the ocean
Term
Meteorology

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Definition
Astronomy
Term
Atmosphere

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Definition
Earth's gaseous envelope
Term
Geosphere
[image][image]
Definition
the solid part of Earth
Term
Biosphere

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Definition
all life on Earth
Term
Core

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Definition
dense/heavy sphere inner sphere
Term
Mantle

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Definition
the layer of hot, solid material between Earth's crust and core
Term
Crust

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Definition
Earth's outermost layer
Term
[image]Latitude
Definition
the distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees
Term
Longitude[image]
Definition
the distance east and west of the prime meridian, measured in degrees
Term
Topographic Map[image]
Definition
a map that shows surface features of an area such as mountains, valleys, plains, and plateaus by using contour (isoline) lines to show changes in elevation
Term
Contour Line[image]
Definition
a line on a topographic map that connects points of equal elevation
Term
Contour Interval[image]
Definition
on a topographic map, tells the distance in elevation between adjacent contour lines
Term
Hypothesis
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Definition
a possible explanation how or why things happen in the manner observed
Term
Inner Core

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Definition
the molten core of the Earth
Term
Lithosphere

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Definition
The solid, outer layer of the Earth that consists of the the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle
Term
Oceanic Crust

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Definition
the portion of Earth's crust that is usually below the oceans and not associated with continental areas, thinner and higher in density that continental crust and basaltic rather than granitic in composition
Term
Weathering

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Definition
Process of breaking down rocks and minerals.
Term
Mechanical weathering [image]
Definition
The type of weathering in which rock is physically broken into smaller pieces
Term
Chemical weathering[image]
Definition
The process that breaks down rock through chemical changes
Term
oxidation[image]
Definition
A chemical change in which a substance combines with oxygen, as when iron oxidizes, forming rust
Term
soil[image]
Definition
weathered rock, rock fragments (smaller rocks), decaying organic matter (skin cells, fingernails, leaves, hair, etc), water, and air
Term
Organic matter[image]
Definition
remains of anything that was once living.
Term
pores[image]
Definition
spaces in rocks and soils that fluids can travel through.
Term
Erosion[image]
Definition
The process by which wind, water, ice, or gravity transports soil and sediment from one location to another
Term
Deposition[image]
Definition
Process in which sediment is laid down in new locations.
Term
conv[image]ection zone
Definition
An area within the Earth's crust that cycles in a circular motion and is driven by the uneven heating of the earth's inner layers.
Term
transform boundary[image]
Definition
The boundary between tectonic plates that are sliding past each other.
Term
mid-ocean ridge[image]
Definition
An undersea mountain chain where new ocean floor is produced; a divergent plate boundary.
Term
subduction[image]
Definition
One plate going under another plate
Term
convergent boundary[image]
Definition
A plate boundary where two plates move toward each other.
Term
divergent boundary[image]
Definition
A plate boundary where two plates move away from each other.
Term
plate tectonics[image]
Definition
A theory stating that the earth's surface is broken into plates that move due to forces within the earth.
Term
Continental drift[image]
Definition
The hypothesis that the continents slowly move across Earth's surface.
Term
Seafloor spreading [image]
Definition
The process that creates new sea floor as plates move away from each other at the mid-ocean ridges
Term
Ridge push[image]
Definition
The pulling of a tectonic plate as its edge subducts deep into the mantle
Term
Gas [image]
Definition
A state of matter with no definite shape or volume.
Term
Fluid [image]
Definition
A substance that can easily flow.
Term
`Citations
Definition
“ESS.” Earth Day Network, https://www.earthday.org/campaigns/endangered-species/coral-reefs/.
“vocabs.” ScienceDaily, ScienceDaily, https://www.sciencedaily.com/news/earth_climate/coral_reefs/.
“Home.” Alliance, https://coral.org/coral-reefs-101/coral-reef-ecology/.
Klass, Dennis, et al. Continuing Bonds: New Understandings of Grief. Taylor & Francis, 1999.
Klass, Dennis, et al. Continuing Bonds: New Understandings of Grief. Taylor & Francis, 1999.
Knowlton, Nancy, and Ocean Portal Team. “Corals and Coral Reefs.” Smithsonian Ocean, 22 Aug. 2019, https://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/invertebrates/corals-and-coral-reefs.
“Value of Corals: Coral Reef Systems.” Scripps Oceanography, https://scripps.ucsd.edu/projects/coralreefsystems/about-coral-reefs/value-of-corals/.
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