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Details

ESS Comprehensive Assessment
Earth and Space Science
40
Science
12th Grade
12/16/2019

Additional Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Extremophiles

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Definition
An organism that lives in extreme environments.
Term

Latitude

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Definition
The angular distance of a place north or south of the earth's equator.
Term

Habitable Zone

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Definition
Geographies where conditions are right to support complex life.
Term

Catastrophism

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Definition
The idea that Earth has been affected in the past by sudden, short-lived, violent events.
Term

Paleontology

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Definition
Study of prehistoric life.
Term

Phylogenetics

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Definition
The study of the evolutionary relatedness among various groups of organisms.
Term

Abiogenesis

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Definition
Life from non-life.
Term

Four Eons

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Definition
Hadean, Archean, Proterozoic, and Phanerozoic.
Term

Gradualism

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Definition
The idea that Earth has been changed profoundly over time by slow and continuous processes.
Term

Uniformitarianism

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Definition
The idea that the same natural laws from the past are operating today.
Term

Severe Weather

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Definition
Any dangerous meteorological  phenomenon with the potential to cause damage.
Term

Factors Affecting Climate

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Definition
Latitude, altitude, ocean currents, ocean proximity, and global wind patterns.
Term

Altitude

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Definition
Height of an object above sea level.
Term

Ocean Proximity

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Definition
Areas along the coast have wetter climates and milder temperatures.
Term

Humidity

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Definition
A measure of the amount of water vapor in the air.
Term

Psychrometer

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Definition
Used to measure humidity in air.
Term

Air Pressure

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Definition
The force produced by the weight of a column of air pushing down in a given area.
Term

Barometer

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Definition
Used to measure air pressure.
Term

Temperature

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Definition
Average kinetic energy of the individual particles of matter.
Term

Thermometer

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Definition
Used to measure temperature.
Term

Wind

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Definition
The movement of air caused by differences in air pressure.
Term

Anemometer

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Definition
Used to measure wind.
Term

Acidophiles

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Definition
Microbes that thrive in conditions with pH levels less than 3 or greater than 9.
Term

Halophiles

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Definition
Microbes that require salt concentrations up to 5 times greater than found in ocean water.
Term

Methanogen

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Definition
Extremophiles found in many environments that manufacture organic compounds from inorganic compounds.
Term

Thermophiles

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Definition
Bacteria found in basaltic rocks miles underground oil-eating bacteria found in oil deposits.
Term

Carbon

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Definition
The basic building block of all living things on earth.
Term

Paleoclimatology

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Definition
Study of ancient climates.
Term

P-Waves 

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Definition
Primary waves, are longitudinal sound waves, too low in frequency humans to hear, that travel very quickly.
Term

S-Waves

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Definition

 

Secondary waves, are transverse waves that travel more slowly, and vibrate the rock back and forth, causing damage to structures on the surface.

Term

Epicenter

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Definition
The point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus.
Term

Upper Mantle

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Definition
Layer of earth between the crust and core.
Term

Crust 

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Definition
Outermost layer on earth
Term

Liquid Outer Core

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Definition
A fluid layer about 2,400 kilometers thick
Term

Solid radioactive inner core

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Definition
Radioactive decay and leftover heat from the planetary formation
Term

Anthropogenic

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Definition
Human caused pollution
Term

Ice Storms

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Definition
Freezing rain
Term

Floods

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Definition
Heavy rainfall
Term

Heat Wave

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Definition
Long duration of high temperatures
Term

Dust Storms

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Definition
Long duration of high temperatures also known as a sandstorm
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