Term
| How can you diagnose fungal diseases? |
|
Definition
microscope
culture (Sabouraud's agar)
PAS mucin and Silver stains
KOH solution with infected fluid |
|
|
Term
| What fungus occasional buds unequally? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What fungus has narrow based unequal budding and a capsular halo?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where does a superficial fungus stay in the body? |
|
Definition
| skin-stratum corneum and skin appendages |
|
|
Term
Where does a cutaneous or subcutaneous fungus stay in the body?
|
|
Definition
| skin but can spread to other sites |
|
|
Term
superficial fungal infections are caused by Dermatophytes which include?
|
|
Definition
Microsporum
Trichophyton
Epidermophyton |
|
|
Term
| A wood's lamp aids in the diagnoses of which fungal infection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does tinea corporis look like? |
|
Definition
| expanding, round, slightly erythmatous plaque with elevated scaling border |
|
|
Term
| what does tinea versicolor look like? |
|
Definition
| macules, lighter or darker than surrounding skin with fine peripheral scaling |
|
|
Term
| What is tinea versicolor caused by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the common name for tinea pedis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is tinea unguium or onchymycosis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fungal infection of the hair |
|
|
Term
| What would you see with a positive fungal infection specimen of skin in KOH? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the prototype for subcutaneous mycosis? |
|
Definition
| sporotrichosis-usually found in rotting vegetation on bark and thorns |
|
|
Term
T/F
sporotrichosis can spread to the lymphatics? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What kind of granuloma forms with sporotrichosis? |
|
Definition
| granuloma with macrophages and giant cells surrounded lymphocytes and plasma cell with central neutrophils |
|
|
Term
| What could you see with systemic Candidiasis? |
|
Definition
micro-abscesses composed of yeasts
psuedo hyphae
necrotic debris
and neutrophils |
|
|
Term
| What are some risk factors for systemic Cadidiasis? |
|
Definition
neutropenia
bone marrow transplant
immunosuppressed
corticosteroid use
severe burns
organ failure
antibiotic use |
|
|
Term
| How can you detect Candidiasis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does mucocutaneous lesions of Candidiasis look like? |
|
Definition
| white patches on a red base |
|
|
Term
| where is cryptococcosis abundant? |
|
Definition
| areas with pigeon excreta |
|
|
Term
| Where do 95% of the infections for cryptococcosis go in the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is cryptococcal meningoencephalitis characterized by? |
|
Definition
cerbral edema
gelatinous thick meninges |
|
|
Term
| how can you visualize cryptococcal meningoencephalitis? |
|
Definition
PAS and silver stain-halo around it
Mucicarmine to stain capsule
India ink for CSF |
|
|
Term
| How does Aspergillosis appear in tissue? |
|
Definition
septate hypae with acute angle branching
fruiting bodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a possible carcinogen from aspergillus |
|
|
Term
| allergic disease with asthma to aspergillus will have? |
|
Definition
elevated serum IgE
peripheral eosinophilia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hypersensitivity rxn in susceptible ppl
inflammatory rxn of lymphocytes and plasma cells in septa
serum anti-Aspergillus IgG Ab |
|
|
Term
T/F
aspergillus can cause hemoptysis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is known as the bread mold fungus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
what patients are affected by
|
|
Definition
DM
leukemia
lymphoma
Immune deficient
use corticosteroids/cytotoxic drugs |
|
|
Term
| what are some mucormycosis fungi? |
|
Definition
Rhizopus
Absidia
Mucor
Etc |
|
|
Term
mucormycosis are stained with?
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does mucormycosis appear in tissue? |
|
Definition
| broad, thin wlled pleomorphic hyphae with irregular contours, haphazard branching |
|
|
Term
| How does mucormycosis lesions often show? |
|
Definition
vascular invasion
thrombosis and infarction of tissue with coagulative necrosis and neutrophilic infiltrates |
|
|
Term
| which fungus infects by inhalation of cyst stage, with trophozoites in alveoli, multiply and attach to type 1 pneumocytes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
T/F
pneumocystosis is non-pathogenic in persons with normal immunity
|
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are some risks for developing pneumocystosis? |
|
Definition
HIV/AIDS
lymphoproliferative disorders
immunosuppression
cytotoxic chemotherapy
high corticosteroidsof cushing's disease |
|
|
Term
| What does a lesion of pneumocystosis look like? |
|
Definition
diffuse interstitial pneumonia
alveolar space filled with foam/desquamated cells/parasites |
|
|
Term
| What is the source of amebiasis? |
|
Definition
food and water
cell wall ingested by gastric juices |
|
|
Term
| Where in the GI do amebiasis usually go? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| look for trophozoite or cyst in stool |
|
|
Term
| Can amebiasis cause encephalitis? |
|
Definition
yes
can get from swimming |
|
|
Term
| amebiasis is caused by which bugs? |
|
Definition
Acanthamoeba castellanii
Entamoeba histolyica
Naegleria fowleri |
|
|
Term
| What are the risk factors for Giardia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where do Giardia teardrop-shaped trophozoites attach to? |
|
Definition
| epithelium of duodenum and upper jejunum |
|
|
Term
| Cryptosporidiosis are most common in which part of the body? |
|
Definition
terminal ileum and proximal colon
(usually brush border and lamina propria) |
|
|
Term
Does Trichomoniasis
have a cyst form? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Trichomoniasis presentation in women? |
|
Definition
itch
burning
dysuria
yellow discharge
strawberry mucosa |
|
|
