Term
| Infancy (birth to 18 months) |
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Definition
| develop a sense of trust when caregivers provide reliabilty, care, and affection. A lack of this will lead to mistrust. |
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Term
| Early Childhood (2 to 3 years) |
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Definition
| need to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence. Success leads to feelings of autonomy, failure results in feelings of shame and doubt. |
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Term
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Definition
| need to begin asserting control and power over the environment. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose. Children who try to exert too much power experience disapproval, resulting in a sense of guilt. |
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Term
| School Age (6 to 11 years) |
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Definition
| need to cope with new social and academic demands. Success leads to a sense of competence, while failure results in feelings of inferiority. |
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Term
| Adolescence (12 to 18 years) |
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Definition
| need to develop a sense of self and personal identity. Success leads to an ability to stay true to yourself, while failure leads to role confusion and a weak sense of self. |
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Term
| Young Adulthood (19 to 40 years) |
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Definition
| need to form intimate, loving relationships with other people. Success leads to strong relationships, while failure results in loneliness and isolation. |
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Term
| Middle Adulthood (40 to 65 years) |
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Definition
| need to create or nurture things that will outlast them, often by having children or creating a positive change that benefits other people. Success leads to feelings of usefulness and accomplishment, while failure results in shallow involvement in the world. |
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Term
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Definition
| need to look back on life and feel a sense of fulfillment. Success at this stage leads to feelings of wisdom, while failure results in regret, bitterness, and despair. |
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