Term
SEDATIVE
XYLAZINE (ROMPUN) |
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Definition
IM/IV
2-5 cc IV
sedation, but can still feel and react to pain; good short reaction for colic
sweating; drowsiness; in-coordination; drop in # of heartbeats |
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Term
SEDATIVE
DETOMIDINE (DORMOSEDAN) |
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Definition
IM/IV
sedation
sensitive to touch when under |
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Term
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Definition
| relaxation (as in gelding) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
TRANQUILIZERS
ACEPROMAZINE (ACE) |
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Definition
IM/IV
2-5 CC IV
tranq; usually used with a sedative; helps laminitis and muscle spasms; vasodialator
reduces gut motility; reduces blood pressure; penile paralysis |
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Term
TRANQUILIZERS
1) FLUPHENAZINE
2) RESPERINE |
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Definition
1) last 45 days; control for long periods of time; have serious side effects like "walking up the wall"
2) lasts 90 days; IV or daily powder; may cause penile paralysis; SERPISIL |
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Term
ANALGESICS (+ SEDATION)
KETASET (KETAMINE OR SPECIAL K) |
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Definition
IV
vet only
15 min down; sweating; may sit if not sedated first |
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Term
ANALGESICS (+ SEDATION)
SEDIVET (ROMIFIDINE) |
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Definition
IV
vet only
2cc
use: tongue is still, so good choice for dental work; less ataxia
side effects: kick easily; reduces gut motility, slower heart rate |
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Term
ANALGESICS (+ SEDATION)
TORBUGESIC (BUTORPHENOL) |
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Definition
IM/IV
.5-1 cc
acts as a narcotic; controlled substance (5x stronger than morphine)
side effects: "torb twitch"; decreases the side effects of morphine |
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Term
NSAIDS
KETAPROFEN(KETOFEN) |
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Definition
IV only
10cc
very thick liquid; soft tissue inflammation; pretty easy on the gut |
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Term
NSAIDS
MECLOFENAMIC ACID (ARQUEL) |
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Definition
oral
1-2 packets (granuoles) a day
similar to aspirin
side effects: slow acting; can be irritating to the gut |
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Term
NSAIDS
FLUNIXIN MEGLUMINE (BANAMINE) |
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Definition
oral or IV; can be IM
5-10 cc
quick acting; reduces pain in GI tract; good for eye inflammation; better for soft tissue; anti-pyretic(fever) and anti-endotoxic
side effects: can potentially mask pain; can cause ulcers in foals |
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Term
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Definition
oral or IV
500 mg tablets, 9-10 2x daily
helps with softer tissues
side effects: slow acting (5-7 days) |
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Term
NSAIDS
PHENYLBUTAZONE (BUTE) |
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Definition
oral or IV, never IM
1-2g a day
inexpensive, anti-pyretic, helps with arthritis
side effects: ulcers may form; too much can be hard on the gut |
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Term
NSAIDS
ASCETYLSALICYLIC ACID (ASPIRIN) |
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Definition
oral tablets
1x daily
short term pain relief; works well with chronic eye problems; works well to stop clotting; good for laminitis; may cause less problems in the gut |
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Term
NSAIDS
DICLOFENAC (SURPASS) |
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Definition
topicall
rub in a 5 inch area (wear gloves)
starts working 6-18hrs after rubbed in; don't use for more than 5 days in a row
side effects: varying responses; localized area; may cause skin irritation |
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Term
NSAIDS
FIROCOXIB (EQUIOXX)
COX 2 INHIBITOR! |
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Definition
oral paste
side effects: varying responses; may cause mouth ulcers; don't use with other NSAIDS or corticosteroids |
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Term
MUSCLE RELAXANT
METHOCARBAMOL (ROBAXIN) |
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Definition
oral tablets or IV
about 10 tabs daily
usually for their backs; certain amount are legal in competitions |
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Term
STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMITORIES / CORTICOSTEROIDS
DEXAMETHASONE (AZIUM) |
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Definition
oral/IM/IV
5cc
mostly for an allergic reaction (skin/respiratory)
side effects: may cause PU/PD (drink/pee a lot); increases appetite; long term use increases cortisone and suppresses immune system; competition restrictions |
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Term
STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMITORIES / CORTICOSTEROIDS
METHYLPREDNISOLONE (DEPO-MEDROL) |
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Definition
IA
vets only
side effects: joint infection if joint is not prepared properly; if you are using too much, the horse should be moved down a level or two |
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Term
STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMITORIES / CORTICOSTEROIDS
PREDNISONE |
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Definition
oral tablets
usually to control hives/heaves
not metabolized in the liver |
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Term
ANTIBIOTICS
TRIMETHOPRIM SULFA (TMS, SMZ, TUCOPRIM, TRIBRISSSEN, UNIPRIM, SULFAMETHOXOLE) |
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Definition
oral/IV
7-10cc; 480-960mg tablets
good for CNS disorders, skin infections, UTI, liver infections
side effects: can cause dry-eye |
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Term
ANTIBIOTICS
ERYTHROMYCIN/RIAMPIN |
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Definition
vets usually
these are used together
used for foal pneumonia (breeding only)
side effects: may cause diarrhea in adult horses; may increase temperature in foals |
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Term
ANTIBIOTICS
PENICILLIN (PPG, PROCAINE PENICILLIN) |
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Definition
IM only
20-30IU
fights strangles, skin infections; keep refrigerated; vary injections site
side effects: irritation at the site, hyper-sensitivity, moves slowly through the body |
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Term
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Definition
IV/IM, 1x daily
infusion in mare's uterine; good in some cases
side effects: expensive; may cause kidney problems if does are spread out |
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Term
ANTIBIOTICS
OXYTETRACYCLINE (DOXYCYCLINE) |
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Definition
oral capsules or powder
good for spirakeets (potomic fever and lyme disease) |
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Term
ANTIBIOTICS
CEFTIOFUR (NAXCEL) |
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Definition
IV/IM
gram- and gram+
bacterialcidal; good for respiratory/ skin issues; treats lyme disease
side effects: expensive, diarrhea |
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Term
ANTIBIOTICS
ENROFLOXACIN (BAYTRIL) |
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Definition
not approved for use in horses
broad spectrum: salmonella, skin/liver diseases, cartilage damage
side effects: very expensive |
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Term
ANTIBIOTICS
METRONIDIZOLE (FLAGYL) |
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Definition
pills given orally or rectally
good for GI tract infections |
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Term
INHIBITORS OF GASTRIC ACID
CIMETIDINE (TAGAMET) |
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Definition
oral tablets
over the counter medicine
may shrink/control melanomas |
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Term
INHIBITORS OF GASTRIC ACID
RANITIDINE (ZANTAC) |
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Definition
oral tablets; 2, 2x daily
over the counter
used a lot in foals |
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Term
INHIBITORS OF GASTRIC ACID
OMEPREZOLE (GASTROGUARD) |
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Definition
oral paste
stops gastric acid from forming - cure
very expensive |
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Term
BRONCHODIALATORS
CLENBUTEROL (VENTIPULMIN) |
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Definition
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Term
BRONCHODIALATORS
ALBUTEROL (TORPEX) |
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Definition
inhaler
tablets for people |
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Term
CARDIOVASCULAR
QUINIDINE-AN ANTI-ARRYTHMIC AGENT |
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Definition
vet only
causes colic in most cases
atrifibulation(quivering atria) |
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Term
CARDIOVASCULAR
FUROSEMIDE (LASIX) - A DIURETIC |
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Definition
lowers fluid in the bood, lowers blood pressure
only for maximum performance horses (racehorses, eventers) |
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Term
CUSHINGS THERAPY
CYPROHEPTADINE (PERIACTIN) |
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Definition
powder
small amounts
phototrophic |
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Term
CUSHINGS THERAPY
PERGOLIDE |
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Definition
works better than periactin
liquid
.25-1.5 cc |
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Term
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Definition
ground up staff bacteria
good for foals/weanlings with upper respiratory infections |
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Term
IMMUNE MODULATORS
LEVAMISOL |
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Definition
sheep wormer
boosts immune system |
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Term
OTHER DRUGS
PONAZURIL (MARQUIS) |
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Definition
antiprotozoal used against EPM
poultry antiprotozoal
works very slowly(5 days)
looks worse at first, then gets better |
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Term
OTHER DRUGS
DOCUSATE (DSS) |
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Definition
a surfactant used in impaction colics
can cause GI irritation
vet only
may just use epsom salts |
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Term
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Definition
anti-inflammatory and solvent
can be absorbed through the skin
also creates some warmth
crosses the blood/brain barrier
affects the nervous system
can be used topically
makes horse stink |
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Term
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Definition
vascular muscle relaxant
relaxes smooth muscle along veins/arteries
vasodialator
useful for navicular
tablets (5-15 a day)
inexpensive |
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Term
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Definition
only for mares
oral liquid
will mess up people's cycles
may help maintain pregnancy |
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Term
OTHER DRUGS
LEGEND (HYALRRONIC ACID) |
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Definition
IA by vet
IV
70-80$ a shot |
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Term
OTHER DRUGS
ADEQUAN (PSGAG-POLYSULFATED GLYCOAMINOGLYCANS) |
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Definition
IA by vet
IM
less costly than Legend |
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Term
OTHER DRUGS
EQUIPOISE (BOLDERMON/STANOZOL) |
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Definition
IM steroid
anabolic steroid
vet may prescribe after horse is sick
increases appetite and muscle mass |
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