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Equine Disease and Injury I
Medications
48
Other
Undergraduate 3
10/17/2010

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Term
SEDATIVE
XYLAZINE (ROMPUN)
Definition
IM/IV
2-5 cc IV
sedation, but can still feel and react to pain; good short reaction for colic
sweating; drowsiness; in-coordination; drop in # of heartbeats
Term
SEDATIVE
DETOMIDINE (DORMOSEDAN)
Definition
IM/IV
sedation
sensitive to touch when under
Term
SEDATIVE
VALIUM
Definition
relaxation (as in gelding)
Term
SEDATIVE
BARBITURATES
Definition
used for euthanasia
Term
TRANQUILIZERS
ACEPROMAZINE (ACE)
Definition
IM/IV
2-5 CC IV
tranq; usually used with a sedative; helps laminitis and muscle spasms; vasodialator
reduces gut motility; reduces blood pressure; penile paralysis
Term
TRANQUILIZERS
1) FLUPHENAZINE
2) RESPERINE
Definition
1) last 45 days; control for long periods of time; have serious side effects like "walking up the wall"
2) lasts 90 days; IV or daily powder; may cause penile paralysis; SERPISIL
Term
ANALGESICS (+ SEDATION)
KETASET (KETAMINE OR SPECIAL K)
Definition
IV
vet only
15 min down; sweating; may sit if not sedated first
Term
ANALGESICS (+ SEDATION)
SEDIVET (ROMIFIDINE)
Definition
IV
vet only
2cc
use: tongue is still, so good choice for dental work; less ataxia
side effects: kick easily; reduces gut motility, slower heart rate
Term
ANALGESICS (+ SEDATION)
TORBUGESIC (BUTORPHENOL)
Definition
IM/IV
.5-1 cc
acts as a narcotic; controlled substance (5x stronger than morphine)
side effects: "torb twitch"; decreases the side effects of morphine
Term
NSAIDS
KETAPROFEN(KETOFEN)
Definition
IV only
10cc
very thick liquid; soft tissue inflammation; pretty easy on the gut
Term
NSAIDS
MECLOFENAMIC ACID (ARQUEL)
Definition
oral
1-2 packets (granuoles) a day
similar to aspirin
side effects: slow acting; can be irritating to the gut
Term
NSAIDS
FLUNIXIN MEGLUMINE (BANAMINE)
Definition
oral or IV; can be IM
5-10 cc
quick acting; reduces pain in GI tract; good for eye inflammation; better for soft tissue; anti-pyretic(fever) and anti-endotoxic
side effects: can potentially mask pain; can cause ulcers in foals
Term
NSAIDS
NAPROXEN (ALEVE)
Definition
oral or IV
500 mg tablets, 9-10 2x daily
helps with softer tissues
side effects: slow acting (5-7 days)
Term
NSAIDS
PHENYLBUTAZONE (BUTE)
Definition
oral or IV, never IM
1-2g a day
inexpensive, anti-pyretic, helps with arthritis
side effects: ulcers may form; too much can be hard on the gut
Term
NSAIDS
ASCETYLSALICYLIC ACID (ASPIRIN)
Definition
oral tablets
1x daily
short term pain relief; works well with chronic eye problems; works well to stop clotting; good for laminitis; may cause less problems in the gut
Term
NSAIDS
DICLOFENAC (SURPASS)
Definition
topicall
rub in a 5 inch area (wear gloves)
starts working 6-18hrs after rubbed in; don't use for more than 5 days in a row
side effects: varying responses; localized area; may cause skin irritation
Term
NSAIDS
FIROCOXIB (EQUIOXX)
COX 2 INHIBITOR!
Definition
oral paste
side effects: varying responses; may cause mouth ulcers; don't use with other NSAIDS or corticosteroids
Term
MUSCLE RELAXANT
METHOCARBAMOL (ROBAXIN)
Definition
oral tablets or IV
about 10 tabs daily
usually for their backs; certain amount are legal in competitions
Term
STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMITORIES / CORTICOSTEROIDS
DEXAMETHASONE (AZIUM)
Definition
oral/IM/IV
5cc
mostly for an allergic reaction (skin/respiratory)
side effects: may cause PU/PD (drink/pee a lot); increases appetite; long term use increases cortisone and suppresses immune system; competition restrictions
Term
STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMITORIES / CORTICOSTEROIDS
METHYLPREDNISOLONE (DEPO-MEDROL)
Definition
IA
vets only
side effects: joint infection if joint is not prepared properly; if you are using too much, the horse should be moved down a level or two
Term
STEROIDAL ANTI-INFLAMMITORIES / CORTICOSTEROIDS
PREDNISONE
Definition
oral tablets
usually to control hives/heaves
not metabolized in the liver
Term
ANTIBIOTICS
TRIMETHOPRIM SULFA (TMS, SMZ, TUCOPRIM, TRIBRISSSEN, UNIPRIM, SULFAMETHOXOLE)
Definition
oral/IV
7-10cc; 480-960mg tablets
good for CNS disorders, skin infections, UTI, liver infections
side effects: can cause dry-eye
Term
ANTIBIOTICS
ERYTHROMYCIN/RIAMPIN
Definition
vets usually
these are used together
used for foal pneumonia (breeding only)
side effects: may cause diarrhea in adult horses; may increase temperature in foals
Term
ANTIBIOTICS
PENICILLIN (PPG, PROCAINE PENICILLIN)
Definition
IM only
20-30IU
fights strangles, skin infections; keep refrigerated; vary injections site
side effects: irritation at the site, hyper-sensitivity, moves slowly through the body
Term
ANTIBIOTICS
GENTOCIN
Definition
IV/IM, 1x daily
infusion in mare's uterine; good in some cases
side effects: expensive; may cause kidney problems if does are spread out
Term
ANTIBIOTICS
OXYTETRACYCLINE (DOXYCYCLINE)
Definition
oral capsules or powder
good for spirakeets (potomic fever and lyme disease)
Term
ANTIBIOTICS
CEFTIOFUR (NAXCEL)
Definition
IV/IM
gram- and gram+
bacterialcidal; good for respiratory/ skin issues; treats lyme disease
side effects: expensive, diarrhea
Term
ANTIBIOTICS
ENROFLOXACIN (BAYTRIL)
Definition
not approved for use in horses
broad spectrum: salmonella, skin/liver diseases, cartilage damage
side effects: very expensive
Term
ANTIBIOTICS
METRONIDIZOLE (FLAGYL)
Definition
pills given orally or rectally
good for GI tract infections
Term
INHIBITORS OF GASTRIC ACID
CIMETIDINE (TAGAMET)
Definition
oral tablets
over the counter medicine
may shrink/control melanomas
Term
INHIBITORS OF GASTRIC ACID
RANITIDINE (ZANTAC)
Definition
oral tablets; 2, 2x daily
over the counter
used a lot in foals
Term
INHIBITORS OF GASTRIC ACID
OMEPREZOLE (GASTROGUARD)
Definition
oral paste
stops gastric acid from forming - cure
very expensive
Term
BRONCHODIALATORS
CLENBUTEROL (VENTIPULMIN)
Definition
oral liquid
5cc 2x daily
Term
BRONCHODIALATORS
ALBUTEROL (TORPEX)
Definition
inhaler
tablets for people
Term
CARDIOVASCULAR
QUINIDINE-AN ANTI-ARRYTHMIC AGENT
Definition
vet only
causes colic in most cases
atrifibulation(quivering atria)
Term
CARDIOVASCULAR
FUROSEMIDE (LASIX) - A DIURETIC
Definition
lowers fluid in the bood, lowers blood pressure
only for maximum performance horses (racehorses, eventers)
Term
CUSHINGS THERAPY
CYPROHEPTADINE (PERIACTIN)
Definition
powder
small amounts
phototrophic
Term
CUSHINGS THERAPY
PERGOLIDE
Definition
works better than periactin
liquid
.25-1.5 cc
Term
IMMUNE MODULATORS
EQSTIM
Definition
ground up staff bacteria
good for foals/weanlings with upper respiratory infections
Term
IMMUNE MODULATORS
LEVAMISOL
Definition
sheep wormer
boosts immune system
Term
OTHER DRUGS
PONAZURIL (MARQUIS)
Definition
antiprotozoal used against EPM
poultry antiprotozoal
works very slowly(5 days)
looks worse at first, then gets better
Term
OTHER DRUGS
DOCUSATE (DSS)
Definition
a surfactant used in impaction colics
can cause GI irritation
vet only
may just use epsom salts
Term
OTHER DRUGS
DMSO
Definition
anti-inflammatory and solvent
can be absorbed through the skin
also creates some warmth
crosses the blood/brain barrier
affects the nervous system
can be used topically
makes horse stink
Term
OTHER DRUGS
ISOXUPRINE
Definition
vascular muscle relaxant
relaxes smooth muscle along veins/arteries
vasodialator
useful for navicular
tablets (5-15 a day)
inexpensive
Term
OTHER DRUGS
REGUMATE
Definition
only for mares
oral liquid
will mess up people's cycles
may help maintain pregnancy
Term
OTHER DRUGS
LEGEND (HYALRRONIC ACID)
Definition
IA by vet
IV
70-80$ a shot
Term
OTHER DRUGS
ADEQUAN (PSGAG-POLYSULFATED GLYCOAMINOGLYCANS)
Definition
IA by vet
IM
less costly than Legend
Term
OTHER DRUGS
EQUIPOISE (BOLDERMON/STANOZOL)
Definition
IM steroid
anabolic steroid
vet may prescribe after horse is sick
increases appetite and muscle mass
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