Term
| What procedure should be enacted before working on an electrical or pneumatic system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the total resistance of a parallel circuit with resistances of 25, 35, and 45 ohms? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who is authorized to remove each lock and tag applied? |
|
Definition
| Only the technician who applied the lock |
|
|
Term
| What should an instrument technician evaluate before opening a process line? |
|
Definition
| The SDSs for the chemicals in the line |
|
|
Term
| What is the proper ratio of rise to run for an extension ladder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Find the volume of a tank with a diameter of 12 feet and a height of 37 feet. |
|
Definition
4,183.8 cu.ft.
V=(3.14)(R^2)(H) |
|
|
Term
| Find the DC voltage drop across a 250-ohm resistor with a current of 16 milliamperes DC. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Convert 4,500 cubic feet to gallons. |
|
Definition
33,662.25 gallons
Gallons=(CuFt)(7.48) |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following does not determine the severity of an electrical shock? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This vocabulary term is defined as "a system in which deliberate guidance or manipulation is used to achieve a prescribed value or variable." |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where in the physical process would a primary element be located? |
|
Definition
| In contact with the process |
|
|
Term
| What type of control signal is characterized as an on/off signal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True or False: Automatic control systems relieve the operator of the responsibility to maintain a process. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Process variables in a system requiring control include which of the following?
Density, Flow, Specific Gravity, or Volume |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are inputs and outputs typically connected to the controller in a process system? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of signal is represented by a packet of information containing a series of discrete bits? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of signal can be used as inputs to record a range of values and as outputs to position a final control element? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A system being measured and controlled. |
|
|
Term
| A control valve is considered to be which element in a process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A control loop that uses float switches to turn a pump on and off is referred to as which type of control? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do symbols portrayed on diagrams and drawings depict? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the unique identification code for devices shown on instrumentation drawings and diagrams? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a device that is identified as TT 1004? |
|
Definition
| Temperature transmitter 1004 |
|
|
Term
| What is a device that is identified as PSL 2345? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does the tag number LAL 1003 represent? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of drawing shows all related (loop number) devices for controlling means and the wiring path, termination point, and device locations? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What time of document indicates the specifics for which device is ordered and the type of conditions under which is must perform? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are devices that are hidden from the operator's view indicated? |
|
Definition
| Series of dashed lines within the tag number |
|
|
Term
| A control valve that fails in position and does not move can be indicated with a graphic symbol or which letters? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A relatively quick way to determine the quantity of a specific type of device needed on a project would be to consult which documentation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the accuracy of a transmitter that has a maximum deviation of 0.18 milliampere and an output span of 16 mADC? |
|
Definition
1.13%
Accuracy=(MaxDev/Span) X 100 |
|
|
Term
| What is the maximum allowed deviation (in mADC) for a device that has an accuracy requirement of 0.5% and an output span of 16 mADC? |
|
Definition
0.08 mADC
Deviation=Span X (Accuracy/100) |
|
|
Term
| What is the span of an instrument with a LRV of 37 inches of water and an URV of 210 inches of water? |
|
Definition
173 inches of water
Span=URV-LRV |
|
|
Term
| Determine the five input test points (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, 100%) used for a temperature transmitter with calibration range of 32 degrees F to 212 degrees F and an output of 4-20 mADC. |
|
Definition
| 32 degrees F, 77 degrees F, 122 degrees F, 167 degrees F, 212 degrees F. |
|
|
Term
| What is the gain for a transmitter with an input span of 20 inches of water column and an output signal of 4-20 mADC? |
|
Definition
0.8 mADC
Gain=Output/Input |
|
|
Term
| What calibration error is present when a device records a consistent error or 0.2 mADC at each of the five test points? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When the as-found calibration shows that the output varies depending on the direction of test points (upscale or downscale), the instrument has this type of error. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What should the output signal be at 73 inches of water on an instrument with an input range of 0-250 inches of water and an output range of 4-20 mADC? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A smart instrument differs from a conventional instrument because of the pressure of this feature. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the use of an instrument spec sheet. |
|
Definition
| Referenced for purchasing and maintenance. |
|
|
Term
| Atmospheric pressure is defined as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of pressure sensing element uses a one-piece metallic unit with deep folds to convert pressure changes to linear movement? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A pressure that is observed to change within a sealed, fixed volume vessel is likely indicative of a change in what to the vessel? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of a pressure-sensing device that begins to measure increasing pressure from 0 pounds per square inch absolute? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A pressure switch tagged PSL trips at what point? |
|
Definition
| A decrease in pressure below the set point |
|
|
Term
| What is that weight of 1 cubic foot of water at standard temperature pressure conditions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of pressure transducer generates a voltage as the pressure increases? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If a pressure transmitter with an output of 4-20 milliamperes DC and calibration of 0-25 pounds per square inch gauge is transmitting a signal of 6 milliamperes DC with 0 pounds per square inch gauge present on the sensor, this could be a sign of what type of issue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the unit of pressure measure in the SI system of measurements? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The relationship between pressure and temperature of a gas can be examined using which of the following? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A level measurement device monitoring the level of glycol in a process tank reports a level of 37%. After some time, the level measurement device reports a level of 42%. What type of instrument is the level measurement device? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A cylindrical process vessel has a diameter of 13.5 feet and a height of 50 feet. What is the volume of the vessel? |
|
Definition
7,153 cubic feet
V=(3.14)(R^2)(H) |
|
|
Term
| How many gallons would be contained in a process vessel with an internal volume of 1,293 cubic feet? |
|
Definition
9,672 gallons
Gallons=CuFt X 7.48 |
|
|
Term
| What is the density of an object with a mass of 361 pounds that occupies a volume of 100 cubic inches? |
|
Definition
3.61 pounds per cubic inch
D=M/V |
|
|
Term
| What is the specific gravity of a liquid that weighs 156.49 pounds per cubic foot? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A tank contains 304.7 inches of water. What is the pressure at the bottom of the tank? |
|
Definition
11 psig
PSI=H(in) X 0.0361 |
|
|
Term
| A column of mineral oil with a specific gravity of 0.905 generates a hyrdostatic head of 7 psi. How high is the column of mineral oil? |
|
Definition
214 inches
D=(SW)(0.0361), H=P/D |
|
|
Term
| What is the specific volume of a gas with a density of 0.00356 pounds per cubic foot? |
|
Definition
280.9 pounds per cubic foot
SV=1/D |
|
|
Term
| True or False. The pressure drop across a restriction is equal to the velocity. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of flow is characterized as a straight-line flow of a fluid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In which type of flow meter does all of the fluid pass through the meter in nearly isolated quantities? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True or False. RN is a unitless number that is used to determine the resistance to fluid flow in a process line. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following instruments operates on the principle of oscillating tube frequency driven by an electromagnetic drive coil? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True or False. Because steam is considered a gas, pressure and temperature changes affect its density. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The point downstream of a line restriction where fluid velocity is highest. |
|
|
Term
| What happens when velocity is increased in a flow line? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True or False. An orifice plate is commonly installed so that the beveled edge faces upstream. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Temperature is the measure of the _ of molecules in a substance. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This temperature scale is based on the freezing point of water at 0 degrees and the boiling point at 100 degrees. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Convert 762 degrees R to Fahrenheit. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The _ temperature element works on the principle of two metals that expand at different rates when heated. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Temperature switches uses this type of signal to control a process. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _ element works on the principle of two dissimilar metals that generate a small voltage as a function of temperature difference. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the color of the negative lead of an ANSI-compliant type J thermocouple? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The _ temperature sensor measures temperature based of changes in resistance and is commonly constructed of a fine platinum wire because of the inherent linearity? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The most sensitive temperature sensor is the _? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A temperature transmitter ranges from 25 degrees F to 1,190 degrees F. The output of the transmitter is measured at 14.96 milliamperes direct current. What is the process temperature? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A temperature transmitter ranges from 0 degrees C to 100 degrees C. The process temperature is 23.8 degrees C. What should the transmitter output read? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A smart device operates based on a _? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When does a smart communicator require calibration? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The HART protocol operates using the _ method. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the minimum loop resistance for communication with a HART device? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which section of a HART device converts an analog value to a digital value? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of switches on a HART device? |
|
Definition
| Set security and alarm settings. |
|
|
Term
| A pressure transmitter under test has 235 inches of water applied by a traceable pressure standard. The HART communicator indicates a pressure of 243 inches of water. What should the technician do? |
|
Definition
| Trim the sensor input of the transmitter. |
|
|
Term
| A temperature transmitter under test has an output of 4-20 milliamperes DC. A traceable digital multimeter is connected and reads 7.42 milliamperes DC. The HART communicator indicates a value of 7.21 milliamperes DC. What should the technician do in this situation? |
|
Definition
| Trim the AO of the transmitter. |
|
|
Term
| When sending changes to a HART transmitter with a communicator in an active process, what should the technician do to ensure the process is not affected? |
|
Definition
| Put the control loop in manual mode. |
|
|
Term
| Which type of valve requires linear movement to change valve position? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A valve _ is a flexible membrane considered to be a sensing element. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Force is equal to _ times _. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _ material is used to prevent leakage at the valve stem. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A valve actuator that responds to increasing pressure by extending the attached stem is a _. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The internal component of a globe valve that comes into direct contact with the process fluid is called the _. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _ valve is often used for large pipe diameters. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A pneumatic actuator is typically supplied with pressure in the range of _ pounds per square inch. |
|
Definition
| 3-15 pounds per square inch |
|
|
Term
| The process of verifying that the valve actuator can travel in a full range is called _. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _ actuator has a cylinder and piston assembly. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The _ of a valve actuator is critical to ensure the process safety in the event of pneumatic pressure or electrical power loss. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of mechanism can convert linear motion to rotary motion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _ converts electrical energy into linear motion. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A linear variable differential transformer is used for _. |
|
Definition
| Determining valve stem position |
|
|
Term
| A valve positioner is used to _ for final control elements. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An electropneumatic positioner uses an _ that allows the positioner to receive a current signal. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which component of a microprocessor-based control system performs the calculation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When dealing with an automatic control system, the operator... |
|
Definition
| observes the process and data provided by the system and makes minute adjustments if needed when an issue arises. |
|
|
Term
| A type of controller commonly used for boiler burner control is the... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What common PLC programming language resembles a motor control diagram? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Once a PLC program is written using one of the programming languages, it is... |
|
Definition
| checked for conflicts and compiled into machine language by the software. |
|
|
Term
| What does the acronym ESD stand for in terms of a process control system's safety design? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Safety relays and PLCs are typically identified by which color? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Solid state switching devices are indicated by a _ around the contact. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of control card turns positive voltage on and off to a device? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the specific set of rules used by a process controller to solve a problem? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A steam heat exchanger has a flow rate of 20 gallons per minute and a volume of 1 gallon per minute. The process fluid leaving the heat exchanger exhibits unstable temperature fluctuations around the set point. What is the likely cause of this instability? |
|
Definition
| The process has a small capacity for energy storage. |
|
|
Term
| An instrument technician is installing the control system for an industrial parts washer. The pasts washer contains a cleaning solvent that is supplied to spray nozzles by a pump. The operator sets the parts washer to run for 30, 60, or 90 minutes depending on how many parts are put into the washer. What type of control is used by this machine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An injection molding machine is used in a plant to manufacture car door panels. A conveyor assembly moves bulk plastic beads to a hopper, which is equipped with an optical level sensor. When the hopper is at the correct level, the conveyor stops feeding plastic beads. When the level drops below the level sensors, the conveyor starts feeding plastic beads into the hopper. What type of control is used by the machine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A water pump is installed to maintain water systems pressure. A pressure switch is installed to control the pump. The switch turns the pump on when the pressure reaches 30 pounds per square inch and turns the pump off when the pressure reaches 50 pounds per square inch. What is the switch doing to control the pump? |
|
Definition
| The switch uses a dead band of 20 pounds per square inch to prevent the pump from cycling excessively. |
|
|
Term
| A PID controller has four adjustments on the user interface: gain, reset, rate, and damping. Which adjustment would be used to increase the proportional action? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A process operator recently changed the settings on a PID controller. The digital chart recorder now shows a consistent offset between the set point and the process variable. What is the likely cause of this offset? |
|
Definition
| The operator turned the reset off. |
|
|
Term
| A process vessel with a large capacity exhibits a large overshoot of temperature during a 12-hour process. What setting in the PID controller could help reduce such an overshoot? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A control system uses two process controllers that interact to achieve a control function. What type of control action is used in this process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When installing a differential pressure transmitter for liquid service, the transmitter should be placed... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Tubing that is installed to carry process medium to the transmitter is known as _ tubing. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The proper setting for a digital multimeter when measuring loop current at the instrument test terminal is... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Shielded instrumentation cable is typically connected to earth ground _, unless specific requirements are identified in the project or plan standards. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An _ is a piping accessory which uses a thin flexible barrier, often a metal alloy, to isolate an instrument from the effects of a process. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Proper use of instrument manifolds requires... |
|
Definition
| following facility specific procedures as well as manufacturers' guidelines. |
|
|
Term
| The rating at which a device can briefly withstand pressure before the device separates, a component leaks, or both is known as... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Intrinsic barriers are used to... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| At what point in a project can loop checking begin? |
|
Definition
| Only after all loop components are permanently installed. |
|
|
Term
| What radio communication standard is commonly used to prevent mistakes in alphabetical characters? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can a technician ensure they are using the most current documentation? |
|
Definition
| Verify the document revision is the most current available in the project library system. |
|
|
Term
| What ensures the loop checking procedure is consistently performed by different teams of instrument technicians? |
|
Definition
| Using a standardized loop checking sheet with written procedures. |
|
|
Term
| What document would the technician use to note that a valve is installed backward with regards to flow? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following are the two main methods for measurement signal loop checking? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Assume a technician uses a HART communicator to loop test a HART-capable device with a ranch of 32-212 degrees F. What reading should the control room operator read if the technician simulates a 16 milliampere DC valvue? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What setting on a loop calibrator would be used to produce a 12 milliampere DC signal on an instrument loop that is powered from an external power supply? |
|
Definition
| Two-wire transmitter simulation |
|
|
Term
| What is the first action an instrument technician should perform if the instrument power supply immediately blows a fuse upon energization? |
|
Definition
| Perform a continuity check to identify a short circuit on ground fault. |
|
|
Term
| What is a preplanned and documented process of completing the start-up procedure. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the process of visually inspecting the equipment and piping to ensure it conforms to the P&ID and project specifications? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which inert gas is used to purge process pipes and vessels? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can a technician reverse the rotational direction of a three-phase induction motor? |
|
Definition
| Switch any two stator leads. |
|
|
Term
| If a technician notices a hissing sound coming from outside a vessel containing ammonia, what is the best plan of action? |
|
Definition
| Check the wind sock direction and relocate upwind immediately. |
|
|
Term
| What procedure is used to optimize the controller settings and prevent unwanted oscillations in the process variable? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What term describes the point at which the process variable exhibits sustained oscillations with equal amplitude? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A technician observes a PID loop's ultimate gain to be 5. What is the predicted best gain setting based on the Ziegler-Nichols method? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A technician observes a PID loop's ultimate period to be 800 seconds. What is the predicted best integral setting based on the Ziegler-Nichols method? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A technician properly implements the Ziegler-Nichols tuning procedure. However, the process variable still exhibits excessive error. What is the likely cause? |
|
Definition
| The Ziegler-Nichols method may not be appropriate for this control loop. |
|
|
Term
| What step should the technician take if the initial proposed solution to fix a motor starter problem does not fix the problem? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What method is helpful when looking for ground faults on signal wiring? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which factor could lead to consistently high output from a HART transmitter? |
|
Definition
| Media specific gravity has increased |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following provides a method to measure a 4-20 milliampere DC loop current without breaking the loop? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does a DCS I/O module use to convert an analog signal to a digital signal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A network of components connected to a plant data highway |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is not a common topology for a DCS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What DCS component allows interconnection by performing a translation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can a technician prevent ground loops? |
|
Definition
| Terminate the cable shield at one end only, typically at the controller end. |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of a device that uses light to eliminate ground loops in a signal cables? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the best method to avoid inductive coupling in signal cables that cross power conductors? |
|
Definition
| Cross power conductors at 90 degrees perpendicular. |
|
|
Term
| True or False. A typical DCS can handle up to 50 I/O points. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which DCS physical layer for communication uses light to transmit data? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the role of ANSI in the development of design standards? |
|
Definition
| Serve as a neutral third party to coordinate the development of standards |
|
|
Term
| What document could be used as a reference if no design standard exists? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which organization publishes P&ID design standards? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of the ISO 9000 standardization? |
|
Definition
| To provide a framework for maintaining quality within a manufacturer's plant |
|
|
Term
| The acronym PDCA stands for... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A document that breaks a project into a series of deliverables is called a... |
|
Definition
| WBS (Work breakdown structure) |
|
|
Term
| Before an instrument technician deviates from the project documents, a _ form must be submitted. |
|
Definition
| MOC (management of change) |
|
|
Term
| During the closing phase of a project, a UAT is completed. What is its purpose? |
|
Definition
| Prove the equipment operates to the design specifications |
|
|
Term
| Where should project documentations be stored? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the buoyant force extended on a displacer with a volume of 200 cubic inches fully submerged in a tank filled with water (a specific gravity of 1.00)? |
|
Definition
|
|
