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Epithelium & glands
Abnormal Amnio- Microanatomy - Epithelium & glands
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Other
Professional
09/05/2012

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Term
4 types of tissue
Definition
epithelium, connective, muscle, nerve
Term
ectoderm epithelium after maturation
Definition
epidermis, cornea
Term
mesoderm epithelium after maturation
Definition
endothelium (lines blood vessals), mesothelium (lines body cavities)
Term
endoderm epithelium after maturation
Definition
lining of gut, urogenital, respiratory
Term
general features of epithelia
Definition
rest on basement membrane, rapid turnover (stem cells), avascular
Term
how to classify epithelia
Definition
based on shape of cells at SURFACE layer (top layer)
Term
endothelium
Definition
lines blood vessals
Term
mesothelium
Definition
lines body cavities and organs found in body cavities
Term
simple squamous locations
Definition
endothelium, mesothelium, some kidney tubules
Term
stratified squamous location
Definition
esophagus, vagina, skin
Term
simple cuboidal locations
Definition
some kidney tubules, small ducts of glands
Term
stratified cuboidal locations
Definition
sweat gland ducts
Term
simple culumnar locations
Definition
oviduct, intestines
Term
stratified culumnar locations
Definition
male urethra, conjunctiva
Term
psuedostratified culumnar locations
Definition
trachea, bronchi
Term
transitional epithelium locations
Definition
ureter & bladder
Term
metaplasia
Definition
conversion of one epithelia type to another, from stimuli
Term
dyslplasia
Definition
conversion of one epithelia type to morphologically abnormal form
Term
brush border
Definition
striated border; layer of microvilli
Term
how are microvilli attached to cell?
Definition
actin filaments core insert into terminal web (network of actin in cell)
Term
steriocilia
Definition
very long, branching, interconnected microvilli
Term
glycocalyx
Definition
carb. side chains covalently bound to membrane proteins/lipids
Term
axoneme
Definition
core of cilia
Term
basal bodies
Definition
cilia are attached to and grow from these
Term
mucociliary escalator
Definition
wavelike motion of cilia in respiratory tract
Term
hydrocephalus cause
Definition
cilia cannot move brain fluid out
Term
junctional complexes location
Definition
only in epithelia; arranged (from apical to basal) tight junction, zonula adherens, desmosome
Term
terminal bar
Definition
dark dots (in LM) between epithelia--junctional complexes
Term
tight junction
Definition
zonula occludens; encircles cell & limits passage of molucules between neighboring cells
Term
zonula adherens
Definition
mechanical adhesion between neighboring cells
Term
desmosome
Definition
maculae adherentes; spot-like mechanical adhesion between neighboring cells
Term
basal basophila
Definition
basal basophilic cytoplasm of epithelia
Term
basal domain
Definition
basal plasma membrane
Term
hemidesomosome
Definition
half-desmosome bound at basement membrane
Term
infoldings
Definition
increase surface area in epithelia; involved in active transport of ions; many mitochondria
Term
basal lamina
Definition
makes up basement membrane along w/lamina reticularis; composed of lamina lucida and lamina densa; made by epithelial cells
Term
lamina reticularis
Definition
makes up basement membrane along w/basal lamina; made by fibroblasts & composed of collagens
Term
lamina lucida
Definition
light staining portion of basal lamina closer to epithelial cells
Term
lamina densa
Definition
dark staining portion of basal lamina
Term
external lamina
Definition
surrounds muscle cells, adipocytes, etc, but are NOT epithelia
Term
exocrine gland
Definition
release product onto free surface of epithelium
Term
endocrine gland
Definition
release product into surrounding CT; no ducts
Term
serous gland cells
Definition
produce a watery fluid; round to oval nucleus
Term
mucous gland cells
Definition
secrete glycoproteins call mucinogens & produce viscous product; flattened nucleus at basal end of cell (due to mucous granules in cell); pale apical cytoplasm
Term
mixed mucoserous
Definition
combination of mucous & serous gland cells
Term
serous demilunes
Definition
groups of serous cells in mixed mucoserous glands
Term
canaliculi
Definition
small spaces into which serous cells secrete
Term
parotid gland
Definition
serous; anterior to ears on cheeks
Term
submandibular gland
Definition
mixed serous & mucous (but more serous); beneath chin
Term
sublingual gland
Definition
mixed serous & mucous (but more mucous); floor of oral cavity
Term
merocrine
Definition
secretory vesicle fuses w/membrane & only product is released
Term
apocrine
Definition
product released w/part of the membrane
Term
holocrine
Definition
product fills cell until it bursts
Term
simple gland
Definition
duct does not branch
Term
compound gland
Definition
duct branches
Term
branched gland
Definition
secretory unit branches
Term
acinar gland
Definition
(alveolar); secretory unit is shaped like a flask or spherical; Serous
Term
tubular gland
Definition
secretory unit is tubular; Mucous
Term
tubuloalveolar gland
Definition
both tubular and spherical secretory units are present
Term
Simple tubular example
Definition
colon
Term
Simple coiled tubular example
Definition
eccrine sweat glands and apocrine sweat glands
Term
Simple branched tubular example
Definition
gastric glands
Term
Simple acinar and simple branched acinar example
Definition
sebaceous glands
Term
Compound tubular example
Definition
Brunner’s glands of the duodenum
Term
Compound branched tubuloacinar example
Definition
submandibular salivary gland
Term
lobe
Definition
largest subdivisions of a gland, often visible with the naked eye
Term
Lobules
Definition
separated by septa
Term
intercalated ducts
Definition
smallest type of intralobular duct
Term
intralobular ducts
Definition
receive secretion from intercalated ducts and unite with one another until one large intralobular duct leaves the lobule
Term
striated duct
Definition
basal striations formed by infoldings of its basal plasma membrane; modifying the composition of the secretion
Term
interlobular ducts
Definition
continuations of intralobular ducts that leave the lobule and enter the connective tissue septa
Term
interlobar
Definition
union of interlobular ducts
Term
main excretory ducts
Definition
union of interlobar ducts
Term
Myoepithelial cells
Definition
contractile and help squeeze the product from the acini
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