Term
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Definition
| germ layers epithelium is derrived from |
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Term
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Definition
| covers body surfaces, lines body cavities & constitutes glands |
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Term
| barrier(skin), semi-permeable membrane, secretion (stomach), absorbtion (intestines), transport (cilia in trachea), sensation (taste buds) |
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Definition
| functions of epithelium (6) |
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Term
| avascular (describes epithelia) |
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Definition
| never penetrated by blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| what supports the epithelia (blood supply etc) and separates it from underlying CT and blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| mechanism epithelial tissues rely on for O2 and nutrients |
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Term
| mucosa, serosa, endothelium |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| epithelium that lines the body cavities that connect with the outside world |
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Term
| alimentary, respiratory, GU tract |
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Definition
| body cavities lined with mucosa (examples) |
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Term
| surface epithelia of ectoderm or endoderm, basal lamina(basement membrane), supporting CT (lamina propria), sometimes smooth muscle(muscularis mucosae) |
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Definition
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Term
| epithelial lining (mesothelium), basal lamina(basement membrane), supporting CT (NO muscularis mucosae) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| epithelium that lines closed body cavities |
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Term
| peritoneal, pleural, pericardial |
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Definition
| closed body cavities (examples) |
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Term
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Definition
| what germ layer is serosa derrived from? |
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Term
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Definition
| what germ layer is endothelium derrived from |
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Term
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Definition
| epithelium that lines blood and lymph vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| epithelium that lines blood and lymph vessels |
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Term
| variable number of muscle, CT layers, or tunics |
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Definition
| list the layers found in endothelium |
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Term
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Definition
| lifespan of intestinal epithelia, (migrate from crypts and dead cells comprise feces) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| basement membrane/external lamina |
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Definition
| name for extracellular matrix protein found on the basal surface of epithelia |
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Term
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Definition
| provides structural support. scaffolding for growth, differentiation, and migration of cells during embryonic growth and regeneration. |
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Term
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Definition
| non-cellular, protein and polysaccharide rich layer. acts as a filter between epithelium and underlying CT |
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Term
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Definition
| semi-permeable membrane for nutrients and metabolites to and from epithelium via maintaing negative charge |
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Term
| golmerular basement membrane |
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Definition
| important in kidneys as a highly selective filter for urine formation |
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Term
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Definition
| what charge is basement membrane |
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Term
| Glycoseaminoglycans (GAG's), type 4 collagen, structural glycoproteins, large polypeptides with branched polysaccharide side chains |
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Definition
| list the major components of basement membrane (4) |
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Term
| laminin, fibronectin, entactin |
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Definition
| example of structural proteins in basement membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| example of a GAG in basement membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| what type of collagen is found in basement membranes |
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Term
| lamina lucida, lamina densa, lamina reticularis |
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Definition
| 3 layers of basement membrane on EM |
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Term
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Definition
| on EM layer of basement membrane in contact with basal cell membrane |
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Term
| lamina reticularis (fibro) |
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Definition
| bottom layer of the basement membrane that fuses with surrounding tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| lamina lucida + lamina densa = |
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Term
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Definition
| anchored to underlying CT with microfibrils of type 4 collagen (anchoring filaments) |
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Term
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Definition
| disease with thickened basement membrane in blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| disease with thickened basement membrane in glomulerus |
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Term
| occluding, adhering, communicating |
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Definition
| 3 types of functional cell junctions |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| junction located immediately beneath luminal surface of simple columnar epithelia |
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Term
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Definition
| portions of opposing cell membranes that are fused together in a continous circumferential band around the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| "gaskets" in function, prevent fluids from leaking around the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| another name for adhering junctions |
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Term
| bind cells together, act as anchoring points for cell cytoskeleton |
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Definition
| function of adhering junctions |
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Term
| zonula adherins, macula adherins (desmosomes), hemidesmosomes, junctional complex |
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Definition
| 4 types of adhering junctions |
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Term
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Definition
| a continuous band characterized by transmembrane glycoproteins (CAM/integrins) called cadherins |
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Term
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Definition
| in zonula adherens, adjacent membranes are not fused, just held together with this integrin(CAM) |
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Term
| desmosome/ macula adherens |
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Definition
| most common type of cell junction |
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Term
| desmosomes/macula adherins (stick spots) |
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Definition
| small circular patches located on lateral surface of cells, like spot welds, made of transmembrane proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| junction found on basal surface of cell only, anchoring it to the basement membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| transmembrane receptor proteins that anchor cells to basement membrane as part or a hemidesmosome |
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Term
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Definition
| junction associated with high mechanical abrasion/shearing forces like on the skin |
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Term
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Definition
| junction that is like grass roots of a lawn |
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Term
z. adherens: band around lateral cell surface
m. adherens/desmo: lateral surface of cell
hemidesmo: basal surface of cell
junctional complex: circumfrential, between cells |
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Definition
| where are all 4 adhering junctions located |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| specialized, circumfrential, intercellular connection |
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Term
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Definition
| hybrid between adhering and occluding junctions |
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Term
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Definition
| forms diffusion barrier between cells, like occludins |
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Term
| zona occludens, zona adherens, macula adherens (desmosomes) |
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Definition
| 3 separate zones of junctional complex, arranged circumferentially |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| gap/communicating junction |
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Definition
| focal, or regional adherent zones located on the lateral border of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| roughly circular intercellular contact areas containing hundreds of individual channels called connexons |
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Term
| connexons (found in gap junctions |
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Definition
| formed by a ring of 6 integral proteins call connexins surrounding 2nm diameter pores |
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Term
| communicating/gap junctions |
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Definition
| permit passage of small molecules between adjacent cells, allow transport of information and metabolites between cells |
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Term
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Definition
| short, numerous, finger-like projections, extend from cell surface, contain actin filaments |
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Term
| striated border, brush border |
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Definition
| microvilli increase SA for absorbtion, called ___ in intestines, and _____ in renal tubules |
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Term
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Definition
| network of actin microfilaments supports microvilli at the base |
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Term
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Definition
| the type of filament the terminal web is comprised of |
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Term
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Definition
| long microvilli, also non-motile |
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Term
| epididymis of males and sensory cells of inner ear |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| what stereocilia are made of |
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Term
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Definition
| long, motile, cytoplasmic extensions |
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Term
| Microtublues in 9 +2 arrangement |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| each cilium arises from an individual ___ __ develop from centrioles |
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Term
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Definition
| cilia beat in synchronous ____ rhythm |
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Term
| rapid rigid effective stroke, and slower flexible recovery stroke |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| what morrow compared cilia movement to |
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Term
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Definition
| mt in cilium are connected by this |
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Term
| dynein arms, Kartagener's |
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Definition
| if microtubules lack _____ ciliary mobility is impaired or absent, called _____ syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| characterized by infertile males and situs inversus |
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Term
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Definition
| heart is on the wrong side due to absence of cilliary activity during embryonic development |
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Term
| # cell layers, shape of cells (at surface), surface specializations |
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Definition
| 3 criteria for classifying epithelia |
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Term
| simple, stratified, pseudostratified |
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Definition
| classification of epithelia based on number of layers (3) |
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Term
| squamous, cuboidal, columnar |
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Definition
| 3 shapes of epithelial cells |
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Term
| often at the bottom, lined up |
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Definition
| location of nuclei in simple columnar epithelia |
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Term
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Definition
| stratified epethelium modified for distensibility, varies from squamous to cuboidal |
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Term
| lines most of the urinary tract (except urethra) |
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Definition
| location of transitional epithelium |
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Term
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Definition
| epithelia lining blood vessels and lymphatics, simple squamous |
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Term
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Definition
| epithelium lining closed body cavities, simple squamous |
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Term
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Definition
| structure composed of epithelial cells specialized for synthesis and secretion |
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Term
| morphology, type of secretory product, mode of discharge of secretory product |
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Definition
| 3 ways glands are classified |
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Term
simple-unbranched ducts, straight or coiled
compound-branched ducts |
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Definition
| describe the two types of duct morphology |
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Term
tubular-tube like (straight or coiled)
acinar(alveolar)- sac like or flask shaped, sack called ascini
tubuloascinar-intermediate, tube with dilated end |
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Definition
| name the shapes of glands and describe them |
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Term
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Definition
| name for a single cell gland |
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Term
serous: watery, basophilic ascini (ex: parotid) mucous: thick, viscid secretion, clear on H&E (ex: palatal) mixed(seromucous): contain both serous and mucousascini (sublingual, submandibular)
::serous demilunes::
sebaceous: glands of skin, screte lipids |
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Definition
| name/describe the 4 types of secretory product |
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Term
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Definition
| crescent shaped cells serous cells found in mixed glands |
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Term
endocrine: lack ducts, secrete products directly into blood stream
exocrine: secrete product onto epithelial surface via ducts, contain myoepithelial cells |
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Definition
| describe the two functional groups of glands |
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Term
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Definition
| secretion product of endocrine glands |
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Term
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Definition
| specialized contractile cells found in exocrine glands, lie vetween secretory cells and basement membrane. assist in secretion |
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Term
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Definition
| specialized unicellular exocrin glands located in epithelium. secrete mucous |
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Term
| merocrine, apocrine, holocrine |
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Definition
| 3 modes of discharge of glands |
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Term
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Definition
| in this gland only secretory products are relased, generally proteins, involves simple exocytosis, most common type |
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Term
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Definition
| secretory product along with some cytoplasm, usually lipid products discharged from membrane bound vessicles (sweat and mamary glands) |
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Term
| holocrine gland (sebaceous glands, ovary |
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Definition
| entire cell secreted by rupturing and releasing contents |
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