Term
| Features of Primary Generalised Epilepsy |
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Definition
Synchronous discharge in both hemispheres simultaneously Normal MRI Genetic Epilepsy (family history) No aura Generalised (tonic-clonic) convulsions, childhood absences and myoclonus EEG 3Hz Spike and Wave pattern photosensitivity - brainwaves abnormal with extreme light May be lifelong e.g. JME
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Term
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Definition
| Idiopathic Tumours (benign and malignant) Congenital brain anomalies:cortical dysplasias, maldevelopments Ischaemic lesions (strokes, may be perinatal/in utero) Vascular malformations Trauma/brain damage Infection/metabolic diseases (e.g. diabetic coma) Hippocampal sclerosis Genetic |
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Term
| Features of Localisation related Epilepsy Seizures |
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Definition
Preceded by an aura (olfactory, gustatory, psychomotor-deja vu) Starts in one place, may then have secondary generalization No family history Abnormal MRI Most common sites are frontal and temporal lobes - site of epilepsy determines features of seizure Associated with post-ictal focal disturbances (Todd's paresis) Focal EEG abnormalities
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Term
| Other conditions that can be mistaken for seizures |
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Definition
faints cardiac arrythmias TIA cortical stroke tics movement disorders hypoglycaemia cataplexy migraine phenomena psychogenic
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