Term
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Definition
Activated sugar
De novo purine synthesis: glutamine’s amid nitrogen is added to an activated from of ribose-5-phosphate
HGPRT causes an accumulation
produced from PPP |
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Term
| Nucleoside diphosphatases |
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Definition
| Addition of second phosphate |
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Term
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Definition
| Addition of first phosphate; specific to type of nucleotide |
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Term
| Nucleoside phosphorylases |
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Definition
| Salvage pathways: convert free bases to nucleosides by the addition of ribose |
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Term
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Definition
| Salvage pathway: add a phosphate group to a nucleoside by the addition of a ribose-phosphate |
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Term
| Phosphoribosyl transferases |
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Definition
Salvage pathway: converts bases directly into nucleotides by the addition of a ribose-phosphate
Ex. HGPRT |
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Term
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Definition
Lesch-Nyan Syndrome:
Lack of HGPRT
accumulation of PRPP |
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Term
| Uridine monophosphate kinase |
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Definition
| De novo pyrimidne: produces UDP |
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Term
| Nucleoside diphosphaste kinase |
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Definition
| De novo pyrimidine synthesis: produces UTP |
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Term
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Definition
De novo pyrimidine: carries out the first step in eukaryotes
inhibitor: UDP and UTP
Activated by ATP |
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Term
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Definition
De novo pyridine: carries out the first step in prokaryotes
inhibitor: CTP and UTP; activated by ATP |
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Term
| Orate phosphribosyltransferase |
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Definition
| Orotic Aciduria: catalyzes the condensation of oroate with PRPP |
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Term
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Definition
| Orotic Aciduria: catalyzes the conversion of OMP to UMP |
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Term
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Definition
| Orotic Aciduria: combination of orate phosphoribosyltransferase and OMP decarboxylase |
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Term
| Ribonucleotide reductase (RR) |
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Definition
Production of deoxyribonucleotides from ribonucleotides: reduction takes place at 2’ carbon position such that an OH is replaced with an H
*only works at diphosphate level |
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Term
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Definition
a methyl group is added to carbon 5 of the uracil base
inhibitor: fDUMP - lethal synthesis – rx (cancer therapy) |
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Term
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Definition
| Preliminary reaction: catalyzes thymidilaite synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
Recharging of cofactor THF from DHF
inhibitor: Methotextrate – rx (cancer therapy) |
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Term
| Purine nuceloside phosphorylase |
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Definition
| Uric acid formation: removal of ribose |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Purine Nucleotide Degradation: converts hypoxanithine to xanithine and xanithine to uric acid
Gout: allopurionols is an hypoxanithine analog that inhibits xanithine oxidase
inhibitor: allopurinol |
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Term
| Amidophosphoribosyl transferase |
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Definition
| Purine de novo synthesis: first committed step |
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Term
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Definition
| Nitrogen fixation: only seen in bacteria; converts atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia |
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Term
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Definition
| Cleaves bonds in amino acids to separate amino acids |
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Term
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Definition
| Secreted by the lining of the small intestine and converts one of the zymogens (trypsinogen) into active typsin |
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Term
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Definition
| E3 in proteasome: picks what protein gets ubiquinated to be degraded by proteasome (phosphoryation, N-terminus, and etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
| only reaction where inorganic nitrogen can be incorporated into an amino acid as the alpha amino group; converts alpha-ketogluterate to glutamate; removes oxygen and replaces with an amino group |
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Term
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Definition
glutamate → alpha-ketogluterate;
oxaloacetate → aspartate;
transferring of amino groups |
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Term
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Definition
| uses glutamine; makes asparagine from aspartate |
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Term
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Definition
| puts on second amino group; comes from inorganic nitrogen; only place where inorganic nitrogen can come into amino acid on side chain |
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Term
| Phenylalanine hydroxylase |
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Definition
| Adds a hydroxyl group to the phenylalanine side chain ring to produce tyrosine |
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Term
| Carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CSPI) |
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Definition
| Activates nitrogen to enter into the urea cycle; 2 ATP; activated by high concentrations of glutamate |
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