Term
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Definition
| A limiting element is the element that is in the shortest supply for plant growth and therefore the one that, if added, will result in the largest increases in growth. |
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Term
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Definition
| when a non native species enters an ecosystem and puts native species in danger of being threatened or endangered. |
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Term
| First Law of Thermodynamics |
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Definition
| energy is neither created nor destroyed |
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Term
| second law of thermodynamics |
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Definition
| With each successive energy transfer, less energy is available to perform work |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures variety of different versions of same genes |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures number of different kinds of organisms within a community |
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Term
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Definition
| Measures richness and complexity of a community |
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Term
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Definition
| Total number of species in a community |
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Term
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Definition
| Relative abundance of individuals within each species |
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Term
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Definition
| areas with a large amount of ecological diversity with species endemic to the area |
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Term
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Definition
reproductive isolation
genetic species concept
evolutionary species concept |
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Term
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Definition
currently 1.5 million known
70% of these are invertebrates
majority of species are insects |
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Term
| extinction due to natural causes |
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Definition
| in undisturbed ecosystems rate appears to be 1 extinct species every 10 years |
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Term
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Definition
humans causing 6th mass extinction
extinction rate has increased by a factor of 1000
over 1000 species extinct in past 1000 years |
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Term
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Definition
| endangering a species by altering their natural habitat by direct influence (agriculture in amazon) or indirect causes (pollution of stream caused by chemicals) |
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Term
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Definition
| non native species are introduced into an ecosystem where they thrive and put native species at risk of becoming endangered due to competition of resources/predation |
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Term
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Definition
| hazardous materials mess up the ecosystems, causing native organisms to suffer (exxon oil spill, DDT and bald eagles) |
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Term
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Definition
| increased number of people increases stress on ecosystems and their residents |
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Term
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Definition
over-harvesting of species from wild
over consumption of resources |
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Term
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Definition
causes mostly unknown
loss of over 50 % of species from earth |
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Term
benefits of bio diversity:
food |
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Definition
| lots of edible plants and animals |
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Term
benefits of bio diversity:
drugs and medicine |
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Definition
| lots of ingredients for drugs found in wild |
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Term
benefits of bio diversity:
aesthetics and cultural benefits |
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Definition
cultural diversity linked to bio diversity
intrinsic value |
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Term
benefits of bio diversity:
economic benefits |
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Definition
| lots of money spent on natural activities each year |
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Term
benefits of bio diversity:
ecological benefits |
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Definition
| soil formation, pollination, air/water purification and more all depend on bio diversity |
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Term
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Definition
endangered species act:
species focused
high impact small focus
endangered- species may go extinct
threatened- less urgent than endangered
candidate- not enough money among gov, to protect |
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Term
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Definition
National environmental protection agency
low impact large focus
3 part process focused
categorical
environmental assessment
environmental impact focus |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
population control
if we dont do it lowered birth rate of increase in death rate will do it for us
resources are finite |
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Term
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Definition
industrialized
mechanized
monocultures
synthetic inputs
GMO revolution |
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Term
| alternative/sustainable agr |
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Definition
organic
managing multiple services
polyculture
recycling
biological methods of farming (natural fertilizers) |
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Term
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Definition
| natural pesticide produced by some plants |
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Term
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Definition
higher yields
reduce fertilizer use
increase of nutrient content
drought resistant |
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Term
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Definition
companies 'own' living organism
farmers have limited access to seeds
pests adapt to new plants
more resistant |
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Term
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Definition
| any organism that has genes moved around with modern technology |
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Term
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Definition
different traits must be present in population
traits must affect reproductive success
traits must be inheritable
some selective pressure must favor traits |
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Term
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Definition
good in short term bad in long term
diseases build tolerance to them |
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Term
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Definition
| high majority of productive land in use at the moment |
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Term
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Definition
erosion a natural process and makes riverbanks fertile
bad when it washes topsoil away to sea. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| plan that details steps to get species of endangered list |
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Term
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Definition
| food abundance not a problem, poverty is |
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Term
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Definition
many acres of land rendered unusable per year
water degradation biggest cause of this
leaches soil of nutrients |
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Term
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Definition
| population increase exponentially while food is abundant and declines when food runs out |
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Term
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Definition
population growth a result of poverty and other social problems
social justice = population control |
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Term
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Definition
more people = more solutions to out problems
stupid idea |
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Term
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Definition
poor and young
rapidly growing in under developed countries
80% of world population and 90% of growth |
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Term
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Definition
old, wealthy and shrinking
average age is 40 |
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Term
| premodern society demographics |
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Definition
| death rate high and birth rates high |
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Term
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Definition
| species that has a greater impact on its environment than most others (bees, humans) |
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Term
| interspecific competition |
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Definition
| between members of different species |
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Term
| intraspecific competition |
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Definition
| between members of the same species |
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Term
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Definition
| organisms that feed directly on other living organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| intimate living together of two or more species |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| one member benefits at expense of other |
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Term
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Definition
how many children born
age of parent when they give birth
death rate
immigration (into country)
emmigration (out of country) |
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Term
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Definition
| distribution of age groups within a culture |
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Term
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Definition
| total number of births per thousand |
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Term
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Definition
| number of children born per average woman in population |
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Term
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Definition
| number of deaths per thousand |
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Term
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Definition
| birth rate + immigration rate = death rate + emigration rate |
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Term
| natural increase in population |
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Definition
| birth rate and death rate |
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Term
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Definition
| emigration and immigration in addition to natural growth rate |
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Term
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Definition
| number of independent individuals verse dependent individuals in a population |
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Term
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Definition
death rates and birth rates start out high
conditions improve and death rates fall, birth rates remain same or grow
eventually birth rates fall
population grows rapidly in between death rate and birth rate fall
population has low death and birth rates and numbers reach equilibrium |
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Term
| HIV/AIDS and population growth |
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Definition
AIDS have caused negative population growth in south africa
instability in age structure and |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of land required to produce raw materials for consumption and house waste |
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Term
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Definition
| A community begins to develop on a site previously unoccupied by living organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| An existing community is disrupted and a new one subsequently develops at the site |
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Term
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Definition
large-scale food shortages, massive starvation, social disruption, and economic chaos
can be environmentally caused
most often caused by political situations and economics |
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Term
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Definition
"displaced child" occurs in children whos diets lack protein
characterized by reddish hair and bloated bellies |
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Term
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Definition
| "to waste away" starvation caused by insufficient proteins and calories |
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Term
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Definition
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