Term
| The greatest amount of solid waste material thrown away today is ____ |
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Definition
|
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Term
| which of the following is a problem with solid waste disposal? |
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Definition
| all of the above (cost, groundwater hazard, maintaining air quality) |
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Term
| which of the following marked a cultural shift towards consumerism |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Which of the following is not a method of waste management? |
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Definition
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Term
| in a modern landfill, the nasty water that leaches from the site... |
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Definition
| has to be treated by pumping it out of landfill to remove toxins |
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Term
| which of the following is NOT a method of "source reduction"? |
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Definition
| composting of municipal park leaves |
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Term
| the major problem with recycling plastics is... |
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Definition
| the inability to mix different plastics |
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Term
| the type of plastic most commonly found in water bottles, and used for making Patagonia fleece jackets: |
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Definition
| #1 polyethylene therephthalate PETE |
|
|
Term
| the most immediate problem resulting from the increase in MSW is |
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Definition
| a shortage of space in landfills |
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Term
| the selection of a modern landfill site is based on |
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Definition
| all of the above (understanding groundwater geology, soil type, sensitivity to concerns of local citizens) |
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Term
| future management of municipal solid wast will be an approaching utilizing... |
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Definition
| all of the above (landfills, incineration, source reduction, recycling) |
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Term
| one of the benefits of incineration |
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Definition
| it reduces the weight and volume of solid waste |
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Term
| one Sunday edition of the NY times consumes about ___ trees |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what decade became known as the "disposable" decade? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the usa produces about ___ tons of solid waste every year. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f: the long term success of recycling programs is tied to economic incentives |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the most fundamental strategy for reducing solid waste is.... |
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Definition
| reducing how much is used initially |
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Term
| According to the EPA, what is OSW? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the textbook, the total amount of plastic being thrown away over the last 50 years |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the second most common item in MSW is |
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Definition
| yard waste (ex. grass clippings) |
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Term
| what gas is produced by landfills at such high level that expensive equipment must be used to detect and manage it? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| t/f: consumers are often willing to pay a higher price for materials made from recycled products. |
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Definition
|
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Term
| a type of incineration used in European countries to produce marketable energy is |
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Definition
|
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Term
| a process of reducing MSW and burning it is called |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| waste produced by densely populated communities |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the propaganda stating "our economy will collapse" if consumeristic behaviors are modified to be more conservative |
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Definition
|
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Term
| three r's of solid waste management? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| t/f: environmental science is a narrowly defined field of physical and biological sciences |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f: the forest fires that swept through Mexico in 1998 only effected citizens in Central America; the US was not impacted in any way. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| environmental science is an interdisciplinary area of study that deal with all of the following except |
|
Definition
| astrology (politics, economics, ethics, ecology) |
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|
Term
| the 1997 Kyoto Summit was an international commitment to: |
|
Definition
| reduce emissions of greenhouse gasses |
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|
Term
| bioaccumulation of pollutants in the food chain results in |
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Definition
| a high concentration of toxins is top predators |
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Term
| in the south, ____ creates a situation that encourages industries to take advantage of nearby communities by developing sites at the expense of environment or these communities. |
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Definition
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Term
| in the article, "Water connections," which government decision in 1983 most led to the loss of food sources for the endangered Siberian crane in the Keoladeo National Park in India? |
|
Definition
| preventing farmers from grazing their buffalo in the park |
|
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Term
| Dominated by large metropolitan complexes; left over toxic waste from old industry |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Severe climate; takes long time to repair permafrost |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Much is native American or government owned; irrigation with groundwater causes salination (salt) of soil |
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Definition
|
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Term
| conflict between logging industry wildlife habitat along Pacific coastal region |
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Definition
|
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Term
| unwise development of barrier islands (think hurricanes) |
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Definition
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Term
| water often polluted by fertilizers, pesticides, and hormones; air pollution from wind-blown soil |
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Definition
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Term
| most closely associated with conflict between ranchers and preservationist; overgrazing a huge issue |
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Definition
|
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Term
| Often water is so polluted that fishing and recreation are prohibited |
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Definition
|
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Term
| what species of animal was re-introduced into Yellowstone National Park in recent decades, leading to increases in number of beaver, aspen, and willow trees? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the common name for the UNCED meeting in Rio de Janeiro in 1992? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the international Join Commission (1990) came from a treaty signed by the US and |
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Definition
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Term
| a region where organisms and the non-living physical surroundings form an interacting unit is best defined as a |
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Definition
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Term
| in the textbook's discussion of the 2005 Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, what single factor was most to blame for the loss of soil to erosion, destruction of natural ecosystems and the loss of water resources? |
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Definition
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Term
| Point at which there is no significant health or environmental risk |
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Definition
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Term
| use of facts to estimate the probability of harm to human health that may result from exposure to pollutants, toxins, or management decisions |
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Definition
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Term
| substance that causes cancer |
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Definition
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Term
| decision-making process that uses input such as risk assessment and economic impacts |
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Definition
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|
Term
| expenses borne by someone other than the individuals who are using the resource |
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Definition
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Term
| amoung of product that consumers are willing and able to buy at various prices |
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Definition
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Term
| mathematical statement about how likely something will happen |
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Definition
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Term
| using renewable resources in harmony with ecological systems to produce a rise in real income and improved standard of living |
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Definition
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Term
| gift to private enterprise by government when the enterprise is in temporary economic difficulty or to foster governmental goals |
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Definition
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|
Term
| relationship between available supply of a commodity or service and its price |
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Definition
|
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Term
| in some pollutants like mercury, the risk is not cancerous but is perhaps linked to birth defects or neurotoxicity. instead of referring to risk as a probability, researchers refer to levels of exposure estimated to be without harm, also known as a |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| accoring to professional regulators of EPA, which of the following is of greatest danger to the public, especially since the public does not perceive its risk? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f: accorind to supply/demand, when the quantity of a resouce devreases, it's price will increase |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| in extended produce responsibility, major companies strive to: |
|
Definition
| all of the above (make packaging re-usable, make products from materials that are less toxic to ecosystems, use materials that are esily recycled and/or reused) |
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Term
| which statement best describes the benefits of 3M's "pollution prevention pays[3P]" |
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Definition
| by following it;s policies of adopting strict pollution-controls, the corporation has actually made billions more |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| debtor countries to substitute environmental advances for debt owed to others |
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Term
| t/f: even if funding was available, risk could not be totally eliminated |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| which of the following is not apart of risk assessment? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| in cost rican rain forests, which is true |
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Definition
| the government realizes the value of natural settings and has set 20% of the land aside as protected refuges and parks for tourism |
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Term
| according to the text's. "issues and analysis" article, in 200, under the Clinton administration, a program to limit mercury failed due to political pressure from power companies. In 2003 under the Bush administration, mercury emissions were controlled by using tradable permits. according to the articles, what is the great concern about mercury contamination? |
|
Definition
| it bioaccumulates in fishes' omega-3 fatty acids, which impacts our food chain |
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|
Term
| which of the following is not true? |
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Definition
| morals do not change over time |
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|
Term
| environmental justice is best described by which statement? |
|
Definition
| "It's interesting that they always locate hazardous-waste disposal sites closer to poor neighborhoods than rich ones" |
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|
Term
t/f: corperations are legal entities desined to operate at a profit, and usually have a greater influence on government policy than politicians and the public.
 |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the kyoto protocol was an international agreement about... |
|
Definition
| reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and toehr greenhouse gasses emitted by nations |
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Term
| which attitude would state, "Nature is a goddess that needs to be protected rfom the virus of mankind" |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| based on text essay, Water Connections, which of the following is untrue about water on our planet? |
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Definition
| because our planet's surface is mainly covered with water, which evaporates and rains back down, there are no real water problems today |
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Term
| which ethic would state, "the earth belongs to mankind to do with what he sees fit" |
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Definition
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Term
| of the 3 theories of moral responsibility, which declares that the environment is an entity that has value at least equal to that of man? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f: poop people in underdeveloped countries make less of an 'ecological footprint' than people in developed nations. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| This naturalist from California organized the Sierra Club in the 1890's, and encouraged all city-dwellers to spend time appreciating the wilderness |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| this writer published Silent Spring in 1962, which dramatized the deadly effect of pesticides on wildlife, and led to changes in laws in the USA. |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| this naturalist founded the field of game management, and believe that regulated hunting could be used to help control balance in ecosystems by limiting populations of certain species |
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Definition
|
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Term
| this early naturalist had a profound influence on the life of Thoreau; he was one of the first critics of rampant, uncontrolled economic development |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| this well-educated naturalist spend over a year in the woods, learning to live off the land, and eventually writing about it in Walden |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| regulated the production of organic pollutants/toxins |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| regulated the trade in endangered species |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Controlled release of chamicals that were destorying our Ozone Layer |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| inorganic phosphorus enters the cycle from: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inorganic carbon enters the cycle from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| each step in the flow of energy in an ecosystem's food chain is called a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f: all biogeochemical cycle must pass through a consumer |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| inorganic nitrogen is primarily stored in... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| as food energy passes through a food chain, how much of its energy is converted into living material of the next level? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which of the following is a producer? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which of following is a secondary consumer? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| which of the following is not a decomposer? |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Hookworms living in the intestines of a small child is an example of a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| an organism's functional role in its habitat is known as its... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f: energy does not flow through ecosystems--it recycles itself |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what term is used to describe food chains that overlap each other? |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| a tick feeding on your neck is an example of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| another name for primary consumers is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f: most of the energy used in ecosystems today originates on the earth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| everything that affects an organism during its lifetime is collectively known as its |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the local temperature, soil type and amount of percipitations can best be called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| according to text article, "water connections", the food chains of the Great Lakes is becoming drastically altered by: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the specific space in which an organism lives is |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| in North America the keystone species for developing our prairie ecosystems were |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f: because the air is primarily made of nitrogen, atmospheric nitrogen is easily used by plants and rarely is a limiting factor for plant growth |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f: predation is a type of symbiotic relationship |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| yucca moth and yucca plant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interspecific competition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intraspecific competition |
|
|
Term
| this bacteria converts nitrogen gas into ammonia; found in soil or in roots of legumes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this bacteria converts ammonia into nitrite, making it easier for some plants to uptake |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this bacteria lives in anaerobic conditions and removes oxygen from nitrite to nitrogen gas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the process by which rock and mineral soil is turned into an ecosystem |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| those organisms that first move into an ecosystem |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| another name for succession stage |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f: in cool mountain streams, most of the organic matter comes from the land |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f: an established climax community cannot ever experience primary succession again |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| shallow, warm, nutrient-rich lakes are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| those plants that are rooted in the bottom of littoral zones and appear above water are called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a frequent pioneer species on a rock |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| deserts are cool at night because |
|
Definition
| have little water to hold the heat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high altitude is like high latitude |
|
|
Term
| in primary succession of land... |
|
Definition
| it requires soil formation over great time |
|
|
Term
| phytoplankton in the oceans are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| high rainfall, steady temperatures, poor soil |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| usually in mountains or boreal regions; evergreens; snowfall |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hardwoods; four distinct seasons, undisturbed climax |
|
Definition
| temperate deciduous forest |
|
|
Term
| low rainfall, temperature extremes each day, animals with special adaptations to survive |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| low rainfall, good soils, often wildfires |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lichen is a mutualistic symbiosis between 2 creatures: an ascomycete (fungi) together with a _______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Betsy loves to fish for large mouth bass. when she wades into the shallows of the pond amongst the water plants to cast her lure, she is standing in the _____ zone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what two factors determine the type of terrestrial biome? |
|
Definition
| precipitation and temperature |
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