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| Pesticide plant in Bhopal responsible for killing 1000 on Dec 2 1984. Poor safety measures were taken and when leak occured in plants no action occured until many hours later. |
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the human body, which is continuously interacting with the environment and other human bodies. We breathe, eat, drink, and exchange matter with the earth. Toxins in the environment can be stored in our bodies. The idea is that Western society has a limited understanding of nature and the environment. We are not as separate as we tend to believe.
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| Mercury and the People of Grassy Narrows |
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government authorieties in nw Ontario release 20,000 + pounds of mercury (over 10 yr pd. from paper mill upstream) downstream enetering Ojibwa Indian water supply
Kai Erikson- "a pervasive fear that the world of nature and human beings cannot be trusted in the old way" |
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| Grassy Narrow Ojibwa Indians |
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turned to alcohol and problems escalated after they were told they could not fish!!
80% of deaths were indirectly related to alcohol abuse.
methyl mercury poisoning effects were masked by alcohol! |
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| Factory Explosion in Toulouse |
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•9/21/2001, AZF plant
•300 tons of ammonium nitrate exploded
EU previously gave plant high risk label "Seveso"
Residents of cheap apartments called Banelieues found out who gets the goods and who gets the bads, ultimately bearing the burdens of the explosion!
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•2003; LA volunteers: average __ chemical pollutants which they were unaware of including
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91 chemical pollutants
–53 cancer causing
–62 neurotoxins
–55 birth defects/developmental effects |
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•degree of promoting good for the greatest number
•At the expense of a smaller number?
•The greatest good for greater number compared to other smaller numbers
•Similar to “Economic growth” or “Technology” good for more than not?
•Hard to reject if you’re advantaged
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•John Rawls (1971) & Justice as FAIRNESS or Injustice = inequalities that don’t benefit all
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–2 basic principles of Egalitarianism
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•Each has equal right to extensive basic liberty with a similar liberty for others
•Social & economic inequalities (1) reasonably advantageous to all and (2) attached to positions and offices open to all
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FUNCTIONS & CAPABILITIES = Rawls with a twist
•Justice: maximizing people’s capabilities to achieve their functionings
•Poverty = capability deprivation
•HDI (Human Development Index) of UNDP (UN Development Program)
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| beings and diongs that have reasonable value to people |
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| freedoms for attaining these beings and doings |
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| maximizing peoples capabilities of acheiving their functioinings |
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| quality of concern involves we have responsibility for ourselves and what we individually value |
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societies organized around hazards that people themselves create
Relies heavily on radioactive materials, heavy metals, synthetic organic chemicals
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Currently what is driving capitlism around the world?
Religion or Technical/ Economic Structures?
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Today – religion no longer dominant driving force behind modern capitalism.
•Economic and technical structures now more important in spread of capitalism.
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individualism deeply influences the way we regard the main medium for how we are connected to the environment: our body
•Individualism encourages us to see our body as sealed off from natural world
–Bodily functions as vulgar, repulsive, dirty
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•Body of interconnections and exchanges with the social and natural environment.
–Openings and protrusions connect us with other bodies and world around us.
•Emphasis on body’s “lower stratum”
•An ecological body, forever interacting and exchanging with natural systems
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•Body of interconnections and exchanges with the social and natural environment.
–Openings and protrusions connect us with other bodies and world around us.
•Emphasis on body’s “lower stratum”
•An ecological body, forever interacting and exchanging with natural systems
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| dualism and logic of domination! |
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Environmental problems cannot be removed from its connection with westerns christian dogma
as covered in her 1967 essay
HistoricalRoots of Our Ecological Crisis |
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