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| Think of weather as mood and climate as personality. Moods are temporary and personality is long term. |
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| Factors of Environmental Quality |
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-Climate Change
-Clean Water
-Air Quality |
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| The amount of resources we use and dispose of. |
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| Services or resources provided by environmental systems. |
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| How population growth inevitably leads to the overuse and destruction of common resources. |
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| A search for long term ecological stability and human progress. |
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| "And may we continue to be worthy to consume a disproportionate share of the planet's resources." |
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| What does,"HDI,"stand for? |
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| A process for producing knowledge based on observations. Also referred to as the cumulative body of knowledge produced by scientists. |
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| Drawing specific conclusions from general laws that are known to be true. |
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| Producing a general rule based off of multiple observations. |
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1. Observe and identify a question
2. Propose a hypothesis
3. Test your hypothesis
4. Gather data from your test
5. Interpret results |
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| The measure of how likely something is to occur. Not what will happen, but what is likely to happen. |
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| Observation of events that already happened. |
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| Some conditions are deliberately altered, and all other variables are held constant or controlled. |
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| The researcher doesn't know which group is treated untill after the data has been analyzed. |
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| Neither the subject nor the researcher knows who is in the treatment group and who is in the control group. |
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| Accurate and dependable science. |
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| The opposite of sound, is completely ridiculous and is inaccurate. |
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| Helps you break a problem down into its constituent parts. |
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| "How might I approach this problem in new and inventive ways?" |
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| Evaluates whether the structure of your argument makes sense. |
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| John Muir's thoughts on nature |
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| Nature deserves to exist for its own sake. |
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| How, ethically, humans should regard the land. |
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| Economic development that is conducted without depletion of natural resources. |
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| Basic Principles of Science |
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Definition
Empiricism: We can learn about the world by careful observation of empirical (real, observable) phenomena; we can expect to understand fundamental processes and natural laws by observation.
Uniformitarianism: Basic patterns and processes are uniform across time and space; the forces at work today are the same as those that shaped the world in the past, and they will continue to do so in the future.
Parsimony.- When two plausible explanations are reasonable, the simpler (more parsimonious) one is preferable. This rule is also known as Ockham's razor, after the English philosopher who proposed it.
Uncertainty: Knowledge changes as new evidence appears, and explanations (theories) change with new evidence. Theories based on current evidence should be tested on additional evidence, with the understanding that new data may disprove the best theories.
Repeatability: Tests and experiments should be repeatable; if the same results cannot be reproduced, then the conclusions are probably incorrect.
Proof is elusive: We rarely expect science to provide absolute proof that a theory is correct, because new evidence may always improve on our current explanations. Even evolution, the cornerstone of modern biology, ecology, and other sciences, is referred to as a "theory" because of this principle.
Testable questions: To find out whether a theory is correct, it must be tested; we formulate testable statements (hypotheses) to test theories. |
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Definition
| The systematic study of our environment and our place in it. |
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