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Definition
| a description of short-term physical conditions of the atmosphere |
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Definition
| a description of the long-term weather pattern in a particular area |
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Definition
| where weather happens; ranges in depth from 18km over the equator to 5 km over the poles; air circulates in convection currents; air temperature drops rapidly with increasing altitude; contains 75% of total air mass |
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Definition
| transition boundary limits mixing between the troposphere and upper zones |
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Definition
| protects us from sun (ozone); extends from troposphere to about 50km; similar composition to troposphere, but much more dilute; temperature increases with altitude; relatively calm; fraction of water vapor is 1000x less and ozone is 1000x more than in the troposphere |
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Definition
| middle layer; minimum temperature is about -80 degrees C |
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Definition
| ionized gases and high temperatures; ionosphere; aurora borealis |
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| Seasonal reversal of wind patterns caused by differential heating and cooling rates of oceans and continents; most prevalent in tropical countries where large land area is cut off from continental air masses by mountain ranges and surrounded by a large volume of water |
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Definition
| when clouds flow across a land mass and drop all their moisture when they hit a tall land mass like a mountain |
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Term
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Definition
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| Vertical Convection Cells |
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Definition
| circulate air masses between warm and cooler latitudes |
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Term
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Definition
| surface flows do not move staight North and South, but are deflected due to _______ |
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Definition
| local cyclonic storms caused by rapid mixing of cold, dry air and warm, wet air |
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Definition
| the natural causes of temperature change; periodic shifts in earth's orbit and tilt; change distribution and intensity of sunlight reaching the Earth |
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Definition
| northern jet stream pulls moist air from the pacific over the U.S.; intense storms and heavy rains |
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Definition
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Definition
| 160 nations agreed to roll back carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide emissions about 5% below 1990 levels by 2012; set different limits for different countries, depending on prior output; developing countries exempted; we didn't participate |
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Term
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Definition
| most common dietary problem is over-nutrition (obesity) |
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Term
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Definition
| food production has not kept pace with rapid population growth |
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Definition
| most rapid increase in crop production and this accompanied rapid population growth |
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Term
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Definition
| plant nutrient that is needed more than any other |
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Definition
| large-scale food shortages, massive starvation, social disruption and economic chaos; usually connected with politics and natural disasters |
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Definition
| a nutritional imbalance caused by a lack of specific dietary components or an inability to utilize essential nutrients |
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Definition
| protein deficiency disease; "displaced child"; occurs mainly in children whose diets lack high quality protein |
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Definition
| protein deficiency disorder; "to waste away"; caused by a diet low in both protein and calories |
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Definition
| Anemia; the most common dietary deficiency in the world and is the most severe in India |
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Term
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Definition
| causes goiter; hyperthyroidism |
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Definition
| a complex mixture of weathered minerals, partially decomposed organic matter and a host of living organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| soils are stratified into horizontal layers called soil horizons and together they make up the ______ |
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| O Horizon (Organic Layer) |
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Definition
| leaf litter; partially decomposed organisms |
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Definition
| mineral particles mixed with organic material |
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Definition
| depleted of soluble nutrients |
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Definition
| often dense texture from accumulating clay |
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Term
| C Horizon (Parent Material) |
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Definition
| weathered rock fragments with little organic material |
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Definition
| made up on decomposed marine animals; high in nutrients; most fertile; mostly grasslands; sticky-high in clay |
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Definition
| Basic taxonomic unit of the soil |
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Term
| Soils of the coastal plains |
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Definition
| low fertility; sandy; SE-peanuts; SW-vegetables and pecans; mostly pine trees and even a little tobacco |
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Term
| Soils of the Blackland Prairie |
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Definition
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Term
| Soils of the Appalachian Plateau |
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Definition
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| Soils of the Valley and Ridge Soils |
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Definition
| the Decatur series, the Townley series |
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Definition
| the Appling series, the Badin series |
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Term
| Soils of the Coastal Plains |
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Definition
| the Bama series, the Bonneau series, the Boykin series, the Leon series, the Lucy series, the Mascotte series, and the Savannah series |
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Definition
| an important natural process, resulting in redistribution of the products of geologic weathering, and is part of both soil formation and soil loss |
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Definition
| thin, uniform layer of soil removed; water running off looks murky, doesn't seem like a lot, but it is and it is the best part (topsoil) |
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Definition
| small rivulets of running water gather together and cut small channels in the soil; can still cross with a piece of equipment |
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Definition
| rills enlarge to form bigger channels too large to be removed by normal tillage; land is ruined for any productive purpose |
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Definition
| washing away of soil from established streambanks; happens when you take out trees |
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Definition
| the global spread of new, high-yield varieties of plants; "high responders" to optimum levels of fertilizer, water, pesticides, light, etc.; saved people of SE Asia |
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Term
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Definition
| the splicing of a gene from one organism into the chromosome of another |
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Term
| Sustainable Agriculture (Regenerative Farming) |
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Definition
| goal is to produce food and fiber on a sustainable basis and to repair damage caused by destructive practices; soil is essential |
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Term
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Definition
| land management, ground cover, climate, soil type, and tillage system are important elements in ___________ |
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Term
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Definition
| plowing and planting across slope to slow flow of water |
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Definition
| planing different crops in alternating strips along land contours |
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Term
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Definition
| shaping land to create level shelves of earth again with the slope to hold water and soil |
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