Term
|
Definition
| Animal which only eats plants. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Animal which only eats meat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Animal which eats both plants and meat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organism which makes its own food by photosynthesis using sunlight energy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organism which gets its energy from eating other organisms. |
|
|
Term
| Explain “abiotic factor” and give examples |
|
Definition
| A non-living component that affects an ecosystem, e.g. rainfall, air/water/soil temperature, water/soil pH, flow rate, wind speed, light intensity. |
|
|
Term
| Explain “biotic factor” and give examples |
|
Definition
| A living component that affects an ecosystem, e.g. disease, number of predators, competition. |
|
|
Term
| What does the arrow show in a food chain/web |
|
Definition
| The direction of the flow of energy. |
|
|
Term
| Where do plants get their energy from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is lost at each level of the food chain? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the relationship between the number of links in a food web and the stability of the ecosystem |
|
Definition
| The greater the number of links, the more stable the ecosystem. |
|
|
Term
| Name 4 techniques that can be used to sample the organisms in an area and say which organisms are sampled for each method. |
|
Definition
| Quadrat to sample plants. |
|
|
Term
| How do you use a quadrat? |
|
Definition
| Randomly select site, count the number of the selected species within the boundaries of the quadrat, repeat and calculate an average. Time this result by the number of quadrat fitting in the area. |
|
|
Term
| Precautions when using a quadrat. |
|
Definition
| Ensure the quadrat is thrown at random by closing eye and spinning before letting the quadrat go. Make-up a rule to account for plants only ½ way through the edge of the quadrat, e.g. only count these spanning the top and bottom sides. |
|
|
Term
| How do you make a pitfall trap and precautions? |
|
Definition
| Dig and place a cup levelled with the ground. Camouflage it to prevent birds from eating trapped animals, put salty water to prevent a trapped beetle/spider from eating all other animals. |
|
|
Term
| Materials, method and precautions needed for kick sampling. |
|
Definition
| A net, boots and a bucket. Place the net downstream of the stream flow, kick the river bed to dislodge and collect river organisms. |
|
|
Term
| Materials and method for tree-beating. |
|
Definition
| Tray, stick, potter. Place the tray under the branch, use the stick to dislodge organisms and the potter to catch them, especially those who can fly. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Similar organisms which could produce fertile offspring. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organism's way of life, e.g. moulds (fungi) decompose things. |
|
|
Term
| Instrument to measure temperature and precautions |
|
Definition
| Thermometer, make sure to wait until the reading stops changing, make sure your hand does not warm it up. |
|
|
Term
| Instrument to measure light intensity and precautions |
|
Definition
| Light meter- Make sure you are not casting a shadow on the sensor and that the light meter is turned towards the sun. |
|
|
Term
| Instrument to measure moisture and precautions |
|
Definition
| Ecometer/environment meter/ moisture meter. Make sure you dry the probe between readings and that it is inserted deep enough so that the soil covers the sensor. |
|
|
Term
| Instrument to measure pH intensity and precautions |
|
Definition
| pH meter, make sure the soil is moist. If not, put a sample of soil in distilled water to measure its pH. Rinse/wipe the probe between readings. |
|
|
Term
| What are our five basic needs? |
|
Definition
| Air/oxygen, water, food, warmth and shelter. |
|
|
