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Enviro Health Sci 500
Final exam - survey of environmental health sci
16
Environmental Studies
Graduate
11/14/2009

Additional Environmental Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Hazard
Definition
Factor that may adversely affect health
Term
Risk
Definition
Probability that the hazard (factor) will adversely affect health
Term
Biotransformation
Definition
The alteration of a chemical/substance once it is in the body, mostly by the liver. May be (+) = hydrophilic, red-ox, hydrolysis. May be (-) = hydrophobic. Increases toxicity or Decreases toxicity (more polar, less fat soluble, easier to excrete).
Effects on kidneys/tubules
Term
Classifying environmental hazards
Definition
Term
Experimental investigative methods
Definition
Term
Scheme for identifying level of hazard and toxicity
Definition
Term
Hazard: chemical
Definition
Term
Hazard: physical
Definition
Term
Hazard: biological
Definition
Term
Hazard: mechanical
Definition
Term
Hazard: psychosocial
Definition
Term
Exposure-Disease model
Definition
Source --> External Exposure --> Internal Dose

(Source emissions --> Transport and transformation --> Accumulation in Enviro --> Human contact exposure --> Potential dose to body --> Internal dose --> Biologically effective dose --> Early expression --> Health effect)
Term
Exposure: Inhalation
Definition
Greater exposure: smaller particle size, aerodynamics, lipid soluble, higher breathing rate, greater tidal volume, lack respiratory protection

Less exposure: opposite of above

Example: Asbestos and small fibers from occupation (mining), inhaled, and gets into the gas exchange region. Causes mesothelioma.
Term
Exposure: Ingestion
Definition
Increase exposure: chemistry, physical form, presence of metals (Fe, Ca, Zn, Mg), fasting or full, children, liver excretion rate

Example:
Term
Dermal absorption
Definition
Factors affecting exposure: Chemistry (solubility, molecular size, pH, temp, hydration)

Example:
Term
Exposed - what it means
Definition
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