Term
| who is the number 1 user of oil in the world |
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Definition
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Term
| how much oil does the us consume |
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Definition
| more than #2,3,4,5 combined |
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Term
| how much oil does the us supply & import |
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Definition
supply: 48.6%
import: 51.4% |
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Term
| how much of the worlds supply of oil does the us consume |
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Definition
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Term
| how many barrels of oil per day does the us import? OPEC & Non-OPEC |
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Definition
Non-OPEC: 5 mbpd
OPEC: 4.7 mbpd |
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Term
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Definition
| geogolist who predicted that oil would peak in 1970. was Right. |
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Term
| strategic petroleum reserve location |
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Definition
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Term
| amount in strategic petroleum reserve (spr) |
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Definition
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Term
| events that led to spr subtractions |
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Definition
| katrina, desert storm, 2011 drawn down due to arab spring |
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Term
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Definition
| artic national wildlife regufe. north slope area consists of oil reserve. many precious animals there |
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Term
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Definition
| venezuala and Alberta Canada. strip mining |
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Term
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Definition
| in the US west on federally owned lands. lower prices for oil have helped us keep away from these |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| "clean" CO2, efficient, plants are cheaper but cost more to run. |
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Term
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Definition
| needs pipelines, hard to transport, dangerous |
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Term
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Definition
| found in cold water in bottom of ocean. scientists think there's an immense amount available |
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Term
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Definition
| east has more sulphur than west coal. west is much cheaper to mine but more damaging to the land. |
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Term
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Definition
| mountain top explosions or go under the mountain |
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Term
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Definition
| heavily by the government |
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Term
| types of clean coal techniques |
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Definition
combustion - burning
fluidized - uses lots of water. can reduce 90% pyratic sulphur |
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Term
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Definition
(1)takes out the CO2, nit oxide, sulphur
(2) can capture byproducts and use them as fuel (synfuel).
(3) buy in by the coal industry
(4) lots of choices
(5) consistent |
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Term
| disadvantages of clean coal |
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Definition
| still dangerous, bad for environment, uses 2X amount of water |
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Term
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Definition
| clean coal plant in matoon Illinois. subject to multiple overruns. released radioactive materials enough to annually power 12 nuclear power plants. |
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Term
| problems with nuclear reactors |
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Definition
1) aging reactors
2) expensive often over budget
3) waste
4) waste funds
5) transportation issues
6) decommissioned
7) future plans |
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Term
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Definition
| 500-1000% over budget nuclear plant |
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Term
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Definition
| a new regulation must take place immedietly before resuming |
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Term
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Definition
| 1/3 to 1/2 of the time a nuclear plant is down |
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Term
| nuclear plant technical problems |
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Definition
| hard to get parts, pipes are wearing out |
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Term
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Definition
| 10 other reactors in area were shut down immedietly. no deaths or cases of radiation so far. 38 billion in compensation. 1.5 trillion us dollars to clean up |
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Term
| 1982 nuclear waste policy act |
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Definition
| an attempt to solve the problem. Department of Energy came up with three sites to look at for holding waste |
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Term
| what are the three sites looked at by the DOE in 1982 to hold nuclear waste |
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Definition
yucca, nevada
deaf smith, texas
hanford reservation, washington
all stats said no in courts |
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Term
| when was yucca nevada chosen |
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Definition
| 1987. given 20 million annually. spends 500 million studying proposal for 2 years. 1989 abandoned the campaign. 2008 chosen again, 2010 obama stops it, 2012 chosen again |
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Term
| how many new nuclear plants is china considering making in the future |
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Definition
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Term
| what percent of the world's energy is nuclear energy |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the types of renewable energy |
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Definition
wind
solar
tidal power
hydro electric
using waste
geothermal |
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Term
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Definition
| storage, expensive to get started and maintenance, kills birds, |
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Term
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Definition
| no waste or greenhouse gases |
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Term
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Definition
| economics, not a lot of sun, expensive |
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Term
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Definition
| based on tidal flow, limited places to do, barrages are the term |
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Term
| hydro electric power pros (hot rocks/earth) pros |
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Definition
| expensive first then free, no fuel needed |
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Term
| hydro electric power pros (hot rocks/earth)cons |
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Definition
| ecological diversity, flooding |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| geothermal (hot rocks)cons |
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Definition
| can run out of steam, geographically isolated |
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Term
| geothermal (hot rocks) pros |
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Definition
| expensive up front then free |
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Term
| Carter National energy policy and national energy act |
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Definition
| gasoline shortages, energy tax credits for coal and solar/geothermal. created department of energy in 1977. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Bush 1's 1992 national energy policy act |
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Definition
| conserving energy but increased oil, fossil fuels. big on oil. |
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Term
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Definition
| btu tax on energy that failed. tax wouldve been on all fuel sources based on heat content. made oil states and farming states mad. white house became more energy efficient. |
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Term
| Bush 2 national energy plan |
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Definition
| undid any environmental progress made by other presidents. 1300 new power plants by 2020. tax credits and fuel credits. biofuels but a lot of money on nuclear power, oil subsidy, no emission standards. |
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Term
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Definition
limits act
sets right for grazing (permits) |
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Term
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Definition
national parks
national forest
national wilderness
ranging lands
wildlife |
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Term
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Definition
| how much land to feed animal in a month. |
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Term
| how are the feds getting ripped of on land sales |
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Definition
| fed aum is $1.35 while private aum is $16.80 |
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Term
| what is industry capture in relation to timber |
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Definition
| National Park Service is allowed to keep money from timber selling rights. |
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Term
| what percent of timber industry capture goes to local governments |
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Definition
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Term
| allowing cutting on public lands is in whose best interest |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1) preserve
2) intensive (all can be cut)
3) non-intensive (some can be cut) |
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Term
| number of visitors to national parks in 2013 |
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Definition
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Term
| how many species are endangered |
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Definition
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Term
| how many species are extinct |
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Definition
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Term
| how many species are threatned |
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Definition
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Term
| Endangered species act in 1966 |
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Definition
| limited definition of endangered. acquired land. nothing done on commerce, taking, international |
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Term
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Definition
| bigger definition included plants |
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Term
| how many metric tons/year does the us waste |
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Definition
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Term
| Islip Barge 1986 on Long Island prices |
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Definition
| It was $50 for landfill to be taken to barge & $86 to put in a landfill. The barge became overloaded and wasn't allowed to land so it floated around the atlantic for awhile. |
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Term
| paper waste and plastic waste are both |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| residential area, water quality threat |
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Term
| good news about pollution |
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Definition
| we can eliminate paper waste |
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Term
| 1934 law said ocean cannot be used for |
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Definition
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Term
| rcra (resource conservation and recovery act 1976 |
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Definition
| principal federal law in the United States governing the disposal of solid waste and hazardous waste |
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Term
| what did rcra require from states |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| moving trash to NJ is supported by commerce clause said supreme court |
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Term
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Definition
responsibility of fed gov't
must come up with clean up plan |
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Term
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Definition
| liquid underground storage tanks. 20-25% are leaking. 1.7 million around country. 300,000 are leaking. |
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Term
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Definition
| 68 african countries to ban radioactive shipping |
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Term
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Definition
| 12 african countries to do the same thing |
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Term
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Definition
| allowance if only informed consent |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| us has a carbon footprint like |
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Definition
| high footprint, little population |
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Term
| Asia pacific carbon footprint like |
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Definition
| low footprint, high population |
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Term
| ways to reduce population growth |
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Definition
| family planning, improve health care, increase education, reduce poverty, involve men in parenting. |
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Term
| biological ways to reduce population |
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Definition
| encourage movement to rural area, technology, increase morality. |
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Term
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Definition
| created specific list and catagorized the species under endangered etc. |
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Term
| ZPG or zero population growth is the |
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Definition
| most popular way to keep sustainable balance of people |
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Term
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Definition
| conservation law in the United States that prohibits trade in wildlife, fish, and plants that have been illegally taken, possessed, transported or sold. |
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Term
| United Nation general assembly 1945 |
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Definition
| encompasses all nations, lacks binding authority, began in 1970 |
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Term
| UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) |
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Definition
| small staff and budget, gathers enviro information, protection of the ozone layer 1987 Montreal Protocol most significant law |
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Term
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Definition
| strengthened law by covering hazardous waste and landfills and established requirements for incinerators |
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Term
| Commission on sustainable development 1992 (CSD) |
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Definition
| maintains development of goals. lacks binding decisions, resources. discusses 3-4 sustainable development problems a year |
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Term
| GEF global environmental facility 1990 |
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Definition
| provides funds to low-income countries. targets are the ozone, gas emmissions, biodiversity, water |
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Term
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Definition
| worlds largest source of development assistance. criticized for funding projects that cant pay |
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Term
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Definition
| over 200 pieces of environmental legislation. most in 1970s and 1980s slowdown because of industry pressure |
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Term
stockholm conference on the Human Environment
1972 |
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Definition
| provide framework. 114 nations, 1200 delegates. |
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Term
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Definition
| states have the sovereign right to expoit their own resources but have the responsiblity to ensure they dont cause damage |
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Term
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Definition
growing pressure for govt to act
176 states |
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Term
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Definition
| 5.2% reduction for all industrialized countries |
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Term
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Definition
| multilateral environmental agreement. flourished since 1972 stockholm conference because of response to gravity of enviro issues |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1911 treaty 1st treaty on wildlife issues. seal breeding grounds question. national soverignty |
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Term
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Definition
| one state cannot pollute another state. |
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Term
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Definition
a movement during the 1970s and 1980s.
wanted more state and local control over these lands, if not outright transfer of them to state and local authorities and/or privatization. |
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Term
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Definition
| e United States would be a “good neighbor” and engage in reciprocal exchanges with Latin American countries |
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Term
| reagans executive order 12630 |
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Definition
| private property [shall not] be taken for public use, without just compensation |
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Term
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Definition
| a manufacturing operation in a free trade zone (FTZ), where factories import material and equipment on a duty-free and tariff-free basis for assembly, processing, or manufacturing and then export the assembled, processed and/or manufactured products, sometimes back to the raw materials' country of origin. |
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Term
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Definition
| to regulate intentional ocean disposal of materials, and to authorize any related research |
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Term
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Definition
| make the party responsible for producing pollution responsible for paying for the damage done to the natural environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| if an action or policy has a suspected risk of causing harm to the public or to the environment, in the absence of scientific consensus that the action or policy is not harmful, the burden of proof that it is not harmful falls on those taking an action. |
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