Term
| ORDER STREPSIPTERA - MORPH |
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Definition
(TWISTED WING) TWISTED WING PARASITES
-MALES:
mesathoracic wings, KNOBLIKE
metathoracic wings, large, fan-like
elaborate antennae
-FEMALES lack eyes, legs, antennae
live INSIDE a host |
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Term
| ORDER STREPSIPTERA - Ecology |
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Definition
-males fly to females, females remain IN HOST.
-larvae hatch in host + move out of BROOD CANAL
-Hang out in flower + hitchhike back to nest
-penetrate cuticle + feed on hemolymph + fat |
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Term
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Definition
(LONG WINGS) SCORPIONFLIES
-unique mouthparts givibing beak appearance, chewing mtprts.
-weak fliers
-larvae are caterpillar-like
-holomet. |
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Term
| ORDER MECOPTERA - ecology |
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Definition
-adults feed on small insects or dead insects
-larvae feed on fungi + dead arthropods.
-pupate in cells in soil
-unique mating behavior: use of nuptial gifts |
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Term
| ORDER SIPHONAPTERA - morph |
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Definition
(TUBE WINGS) FLEAS
-small, laterally flattened
-wingless
-presence of "comb" to grasp to host hair
-saltatorial leges with resilin to jump far
-modified sucking mtparts.
-larvae are caterpillar-like (modified to live on host) |
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Term
| ORDER SIPHONAPTERA - ecology |
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Definition
- adults ectoparasite blood feeders
-larvae feed on debris in host nest including feces from adult live off of host
-eggs are free
-adults find host by temp. CO2, vibration.
-can be very host specific |
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Term
| ORDER SIPHONAPTERA - FLEAS and DISEASES |
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Definition
-PLAGUE: "Yersinia pestis" a bacteria
-Usually acquired from rodents
-Bubonic plagues, pneummic plague, septicemic plague
-3 phases of plague: bubonic-swelling of lymph nodes rupture blood vessels; ganggreen
-the BLACK DEATH (mid 1300s)
-India 1994: 60deaths, 400k people panicked
-low levels thorughout SW USA |
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Term
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Definition
(TWO WINGS) FLIES
*HOLO
-most MORPHOLOGICALLY ADVANCED insects
-1 pr of wings, 1 pr halteres
-best fliers
-mtparts. modified Sucking + variations
-adults and larvae = softbodied
-larvae are maggots
-1-2pr spiracles
-pupae may be active or not (puparium) |
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Term
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Definition
-critical for the breakdown of biological material
-important in human disease transmission
-wide variety of making a living
-complete separation of larval + adult life styles |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family TIPULIDAE |
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Definition
"craneflies"
-large + delicate flies
-adults live in damp areas around vegetation
-adults feed on necttar
-larvae are aquatic or semi-aquatic
-larvae feed on decaying vegetation |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family CULICIDAE |
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Definition
"mosquitoes"
-adult females have piercing mtparts. only ones that bite. uses anesthetic and anti-coagulent to numb skin + suck blood form capillary, feed on blood to nurture eggs.
-males feed on flower nectar
-johnston's organ is used to listen to wingbeat of females
-larvae are WRIGGLERS
-breath through "SNORKLE"
-Pupae are TUMBLERS
-life cycle + importance of water sources |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family CULICIDAE in association with diseases |
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Definition
-extremely important as vectors of human diseases
*ANOPHELES: transfers malaria, encephalitis, filariasis.
*AEDES: transmits yellow fever
*CULEX: filariasis |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family CULICIDAE in association with MALARIA |
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Definition
-[anopheles]MALARIA:
protozoan blood parasite
most important insect borne disease, kills 1 million people/year
-infects 200mill worldwide
-1billion at risk
-afreas of Africa = 70% incidence |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family CULICIDAE in association with YELLOW FEVER |
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Definition
-virus
-problem adjacent to jungles w/monkies
-panama canal + walter reed
-vaccine available |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family CULICIDAE in association with FiLARIASIS |
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Definition
-diseases of nematode worms
-200million at risk
-blocks lymph system + causes elephantiasis
-includes heartworm of dogs. |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family CHIRONOMIDAE |
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Definition
"midges"
-small, look like mosquitoes
-adults do not feed
-larvae are red (full of hemoglobin)
-live in oxygen poor water
-use hemoglobin to "suck up" oxygen
-larvae construct samll tube-like homes
-adults form large mating swarms
-very important in aquatic food webs |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family SIMULIIDAE |
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Definition
"blackflies"
-small dark flies
-adults have "humpback"
-larvae are aquatic in clean flowing water
-attach to substrate w/sucker
-filter feed
-pupate in silk cocoon
-female adults are vicious biters
-mt.parts have TEETH
-bite can produce inflammation |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family SIMULIIDAE associated with diseases |
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Definition
-transmits filariasis aka "RIVER BLINDNESS"
-"Onchoceriasis"
-Destroys optic nerve
-Areas where 40% ov poulation over 35 is blind.
-black fly pests along waterways in U.S |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family TABANIDAE |
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Definition
"horse + deer flies"
-stout bodied
-eyes iridescent
-adult females feed on blood; males feed on nectar
-larvae are aquatic predators
-females can transmit ***tularemia, anthrax, LOa LOA (nematoad) *** |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family ASILIDAE |
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Definition
"ROBBER FLIES"
-elongate body 'hollowed out' head between eyes
-adults aerial predators, excellent fliers
-larvae live in soil, dung, rotten wood |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family DROSOPHILIDAE |
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Definition
"POMACE FLIES"
-small, yellowish in color
-feed on decaying vegetation + fruits
-used extensively in genetic studies |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family AGROMYZIDAE |
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Definition
"LEAF MINERS"
-small, black + yellow
-phytophagous
-larvae feed on leaves, make characteristic tunnels or mines
-can be pests in a variety of crops |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family MUSCIDAE |
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Definition
"HOUSE, STABLE, TSETSE FLIES"
-large widely distributed family
-very important re. diseases
-most larvae feed on dung, rotting vegetation, garbage, etc. |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family MUSCIDAE: House Fly |
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Definition
-eggs laid in manure, garbage, etc
-larvae feed on same
-1 gen./3 weeks
-transmits salmonella, shigella, cholera, strptococcus, typhoid, dysentry, yaws |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family MUSCIDAE: TSETSE flies |
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Definition
-BOTH SEXES feed on BLOOD
-unique development
-found in AFRICA
-transmit a trypanosome parasite
-African sleeping sickness, NAGANA |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family MUSCIDAE: STABLE fly |
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Definition
-very similar to housefly
-males and females feed on blood
-larvae found in bedding , feeds on rotting vegetation
-spread diseases + reduce milk production by 60%
-urban/ag. issues |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family Calliphoridae |
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Definition
"blow flies"
-found everywhere
-adults are metallic green
-scavengers on carrion, manure
-***MYIASIS disease***
-screw worm fly
-U.S. Civil war & medical uses [R.A. Sherman, 1995) |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family TACHINIDAE |
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Definition
"TACHINID FLIES"
-adults have prominent bristles
-parasites of other insects
-lay eggs on host insect
larvae develop inside host and kills it when emerge to pupate
-very beneficiail |
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Term
| ORDER DIPTERA - family TEPHRITIDAE |
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Definition
"FRUIT FLIES"
-adults are small to medium in size
-spotted +banded wings
-adults feed on flowers + vegetation
-larvae are phytophagous on fruit
-can be very pesty
-Medfly, Mex. fruitfly, cherry maggot, etc. |
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