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| His number one concern was the rapid increase in oil imports |
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| established a Cabinet Task Force on Oil Import Control to review the quota program |
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| headed the Cabinet Task Force |
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| Recommended that the quotas be scrapped altogether and replaced with a tariff |
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| Negative response- Congressmen feared that the proposal would mean still more oil imports and would threaten the domestic industry |
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| was also disappointed, wrote that Iran’s security and economic development required it to surmount the quota barriers and sell more oil to directly to the U.S |
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| delivered the first ever President address on energy- he was abolishing the quota system because domestic production could no longer keep up with America demand |
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| State Department’s chief oil expert |
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| Directed a secret oil study that showed the world petroleum industry was passing through the last gap in the buyers market |
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| Thought the U.S. should act to reduce the growth rate of consumption, raise domestic production, and strive to import secure sources |
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| To counter growing energy threat- expand coal use, development of synthetic fuels. And increase research and development spending |
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| Wrote “The Oil Crisis: This Time the Wolf is Here” |
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| came to power after Nasser’s death- new Egyptian president |
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| Unlike Nasser, he did not want to lead a united Arab nation he wanted to only concentrate on the restoration of Egypt |
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| Wanted to break out of the cycle of conflict with Israel- a settlement would never occur while Israel sat on the eastern bank of the Suez Canal |
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| Threw out the arrogant Soviet military advisers |
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| Decided to go to war against the Israelis; it was the only way to obtain his political objectives- wanted to open up countries to negotiation |
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| Kept the war a secret between Egypt and Syrian and King Faisal of Saudi Arabia |
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| was quick to disagree to the use of oil as a weapon-politics and oil should not be mixed. When you cut oil exports you hurt yourself by losing revenue |
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| changed his mind- Middle Eastern oil not American oil had become supply of last resort |
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| pressing Faisal to consider using the oil weapon to support Egypt in confrontation with Israel and maybe the West |
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| changed his mind and warned Saudi would not increase their oil production capacity to meet rising demand, and the oil weapon would be used, unless the US moved closer to the Arab point of view and away from Israel |
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| met with Leonid Brezhnev- Soviet General Sectary |
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| argued that the Middle East was explosive and war might soon start here |
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| dismissed his warning thinking it was a ploy to force a Mideast settlement on Soviet terms |
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| went to King Faisal to get Saudi Arabia’s support for war- King said he would use oil weapon |
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| wanted to effect a change in US policy and would use oil for that purpose |
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| Chairman of Aramco, stated that if the US increased its military support for Israel there could be a snowballing effect in terms of retaliation that would produce a major petroleum crisis |
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| Jewish American who would explain to Arab foreign ministers why the US had to supply Israel. Promised ministers that US would cease fire and movement towards a peace settlement |
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| Saudi Minister of State that led four Arab ministers to meet with Kissinger and Nixon |
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| publicly proposed a 2.2 billion military package for Israel on the same day that Libya announced it was embargoing all shipments to the US |
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| tried to devise a cease-fire formula; Saudi after hearing US aid proposal decided also to cut off all oil shipments to US and other countries were doing the same |
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| Although the war in the Middle East and weeks of crisis over oil, he was preoccupied with the series of the Watergate scandals |
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| While he dealt with the scandal and his personal crisis, control over American policy was lodged in the hands of Henry Kissinger who was appointed to Secretary of State |
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| During Watergate, Nixon gave him responsibility for American policy |
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| He emerged as the needed figure of authority and continuity at a time when confidence in America was being test |
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| wanted Aramco to police the oil embargo in Saudi |
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| the joint American-Soviet force needed to move in to separate the two sides- the US would have to respond to the challenge |
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| During Watergate, Nixon appointed him to Secretary of State |
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| Many thought he started the war and encouraged an embargo to cover up Watergate |
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| Attorney General Elliot Richardson and chief deputy William Ruckelshaus |
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| resigned in protest to Nixon firing the special prosecutor Archibald Cox |
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