AC(U)-, ACR-, ACET-

EX: acid, acute, acetic acid

AG-, (IG-), ACT-

EX: agent, agile, inactive, transact

AL-, ALT-

EX: alumnus, alimony, altitude

ALIEN-

EX: alien, alienation

AM-

EX: amorous, amatory

ANIM-

EX: animal, animated

ANN(U)-, (ENNI-)

EX: annals, annual, perennial

AQU(A)-

EX: aquatic, aqueduct

ART-

EX: art, artifact

AUD-

EX: audience, audit, auditorium

BENE-, BON-

EX: benefactor, benefit, benign, bonus

BI-, BIN-(before vowels)

EX: bicycle, binoculars

CAD-, (CID-), CAS-

EX: cadende, accident, incident, casual, occasion

CANT-, (CENT-), [CHANT-]

EX: canorous, incantation, incentive, enchant

CAP-, (CIP-), CAPT-, (CEPT-), [CEIV-]

EX: incapacitate, recipient, capture, except, reception, receive

CAPIT-, (CIPIT-)

EX: capital, decapitate, precipitate

CARN-

EX: carnage, incarnation

CED-, CESS-

EX: concede, precede, excess, procession

CENT-

EX: century, centennial

CERN-, CRET-, CERT-

EX: discernment, secret, excret, ascertain

CID-, CIS-

EX: insecticide, fratricide, incision, precise

CLAM-, [CLAIM-]

EX: exclamation, proclamation, declaim, proclaim

NOTE: English uses the Latin CLAM- for nouns and adjectives, and the French CLAIM- for its verbs.

CLUD-, CLUS-, [CLOS-]

EX: exclude, include, disclose

COG-

EX: cogent, cogitation

CORD-

EX: cordial, accord, record

CORPOR-, CORP(US)-

EX: incorporate, corpuscle, corpse

CRE-, CRESC-, CRET-

EX: crescent, excrescense, concrete

CRED-

EX: credential, creditor, discredit

CRUC-

EX: crucify, crux

CUMB-, CUB-

EX: succomb, incubator

CUR(R)-, CURS-, [COURS-], [COR(S)-]

EX: recur, current, excurstion, concourse, succor

CUR-

EX: sinecure, secure

DE-, DIV-

EX: deify, divine

DECI(M)-

EX: deciliter, decimal

DIC-, DICT-

EX: diction, contradiction, edict

DOC-, DOCT-

EX: document, doctor, indoctrinate

DOM(IN)-

EX: dome, predominant

DU-

EX:  duet, dual

DUC-, DUCT-

EX: induce. transducer, conduct, reduction

DUR-

EX: duration, endurable

EQU-, (IQU-)

EX: equal, equidistant, iniquity

ERR-

EX: error, erratic

FA(B)-, FAT-, FESS-, FAM-

EX: affable, infant, preface, confess, fame, fabulous

FAC-, (FIC-), FACT-, (FECT-)

EX: faculty, efficient, manufacture, effective

NOTE: Also connected with this base are defeat and feasible, which came in through French.

FALL-, FALS-, [FAIL-], [FAULT-]

EX: fallacy, false, failure, default

FEDER-

EX: confederate

FER-

EX: refer, transfer, conference

FERV-

EX: fervent, fervidity

FID-

EX: confident

FIDEL-

infidelity

FIN-

EX: final, definite

FIRM-

EX: firmament, confirm

FLAG(R)-, FLAM(M)-

EX: flagrant, conflagrant, inflammation

FLAT-

EX: inflate, flatulent, conflation

FLECT-, FLEX-

EX: deflection, reflection, flexible, reflex

FLOR-

EX: florist, floral, Florida (through Spanish)

NOTE: Also connected with this base are flour and flower, which came in through French.

FLU-, FLUX-, FLUV-, FLUOR(O)-

EX: fluid, flux, effluvia, fluoroscope

FOLI-, [FOIL-]

EX: folio, defoliant, tinfoil

FORT-

EX: fort, forte, comfort

FRANG-, (FRING-), FRACT-

EX: frangible, fraction

FUND-, FUS-, [FOUND-]

refund, fusion, confusion, foundry

GEN-

EX: genital, ingenious, ingenuity

GEN-, GENER-

EX: general, genus, generous

GER-, GEST-

EX: exaggerate, congestion, digest

GNO-, NO-, NOT-

recognize, ignore, noble, note

GRAD-, GRESS-

EX: gradual, progress, aggression

GRAN-

EX: granary, granite, granola

GRAND-

EX: grand, grandeur

GRAT-

EX: gratitude, gratuitous

GRAV- [GRIEV-]

EX: grave, grievance

NOTE: Grief is an orthographic variation of the form GRIEV-.

GREG-

EX: congregate, segregate

HAB-, AB-, (HIB-)

EX: habit, dishabille, able, inability, inihibit

HER-, HES-

EX: adhere, adhesive

I-, IT-

EX: transient, ambient, initial, transition

JAC-, JECT-

EX: ejaculate, inject, projectile, reject

[JOURN-]

EX: journal

JUDIC-

EX: judicial, adjudicate

JUG-, JUNCT-, [JOIN-], [JOINT-]

EX: jugular, juncture, join, rejoinder, conjointly

JUR-, JUST-

EX: jury, conjure, just, justify

LAT-

EX: elate, relate, translation

LATER-

EX: equilateral, laterally

LEG-, (LIG-), LECT-

EX: legible, legend, eligible, elect, selective

LEV-

EX: levity, elevate

LINE-, [LIGN-]

EX: line, align

LOC-

EX: local, dislocate

LOQU-, LOCUT-

EX: colloquial, eloquent, elocution, interlocutor

LUC-, LUMIN-

EX: lucid, illuminate

LUD-, LUS-

EX: interlude, delude, illusion

MAGN-

EX: magnitude, magnify

MAL(E)-

EX: maladjusted, malicious, malignant

MAN(U)-

EX: manicure, manipulate, manual, manuscript

MATR-, MATERN-

EX: matron, maternity

MEDI-

EX: median, medium, immediate

MIGR-

EX: migratory, transmigrate, immigrant

MILL-

EX: millimeter, mill

MINOR-, MINUS-, MINUT-

EX: minority, minute, diminutive

MISC-, MIXT-

EX: promiscuous, immiscible, admixture

MIT(T)-, MIS(S)-

EX: admit, transmitter, missile, transmitter

MOD-

EX: modicum, modest, modern, modify

MON-

EX: admonish, monument, monitor, premonition

MORT-

EX: mortal, mortuary

MOV-, MOT-

EX: movement, remove, motion, remote

MULT-

EX: multitude, multiply

MUT-

EX: mutant, mutation

NASC-, NAT-

EX: nascent, native, prenatal, nature, natural

NEG-

EX: negative, renegade

NIHIL-

EX: annihilate, nihilism

NOC-, NOX-, NIC-, NEC-

EX: innocent, obnoxious, pernicious, internecine

NOMEN-, NOMIN-

EX: nomenclature, nominate, proniminal

NOV-

EX: novel, novice, innovative

NUL(L)-

EX: null, annul

NUNCI-, [NOUNC-]

EX: annunciation, incarnation, denounce, denunciation

OCT-

EX: octet

OCTAV-

EX: octave

OMN-

EX: omnipresent, omnivorous

OPTIM-

EX: optimum

OR-

EX: oracle, oration, peroration

ORD(IN)-

EX: order, ordinary

PAR-

EX: prepare, separate

PART-

EX: part, depart

PATI-, PASS-

EX: patient, passive, passion

PATR-, PATERN-

EX: patrimony, paternity

PATRON-

EX: patronize

PED-

EX: pedal, impediment, pedestrian

PEL(L)-, PULS-

EX: propel, compelling, impulsive, repulsive

PEND-, PENS-

EX: dependent, suspend, dispense, expense

NOTE: Poise and ponder also come from this base through French

PET-

EX: compete, petition, appetite

PLE-, PLET-, PLEN-

EX: implement, complete, deplete, plenary

PLIC-, PLEX-, [PLY-]

EX: complicate, implicate, implicit, complex, imply, multiply

PON-, POSIT-, [POUND-], [POSE-]

EX: component, deposit, position, compound, compose, oppose

NOTE: POSE-, though historically derived from a different verb, was confused in meaning with PON- so long ago that we will find it useful to consider it here.

PORT-

EX: portable, deport, report

POT-, POSS-

EX: potent, possible

PREC-

EX: imprecate, precarious

to request, beg; prayer

NOTE: Pray and Prayer also come from this verb, through French.

PRESS-

EX: pressure, compression

PRIM-

EX: pimary, primitive

PROB-, [PROV-]

EX: probe, probity, approve

PROPRI-

EX: proprietary, appropriate

PUG(N)-

EX: repugnant, impugn, pugilist

PUNG-, PUNCT-

EX: puncture, punctual

PURG-

EX: purge, purgative

PUT-

EX: aputate, compute, impute

QUADR(U)-

EX: quadrangle, quadruple

QUART-

EX: quarter

QUINT-

EX: quintuplet, quintet

QUIR-, QUISIT-, QUEST-

EX: inquire, inquisition, question, inquest

RADIC-

EX: radical, eradicate

RAP-, RAPT-, (REPT-)

EX: rapid, rape, rapture

REG- (RIG-), RECT-

EX: regular, incorrigible, rectify

ROG-

EX: arrogant, derogatory

SACR-, (SECR-)

EX: sacrament, desecrate

SAL-, (SIL-), SALT-, SULT

EX: salient, resilient, saltorial, insult

SANCT-

EX: sanctify, sanctimonious

SAT(IS)-

EX: satiate, satisfy

SCI-

EX: science, conscientious

SCRIB-, SCRIPT-

EX: describe, inscribe, scribble, conscription, subscription

SEC-. SEG-. SECT-

EX: secant, segment, bisect, section

SED-, (SID-), SESS-

EX: sediment, insidious, session

SEMI-

EX: semiannual

SEN-

EX: senate, senior

SENT-, SENS-

EX: sentiment, consent, sensation

SEPT(EM)-

EX: septet, September

SEQU-, SECUT-

EX: sequence, consequence, prosecute, consecutive

SERV-

EX: servant, service, preserve, conservation

SEXT-

EX: sextet

SIMIL-, SIMUL-

EX: simulate, simile

SOL-

solitude, desolation

SOLV-, SOLUT-

EX: solve, absolve, solution, absolute

SON-

EX: supersonic, resonance, sonata

SPEC-, (SPIC-), SPECT-

EX: specimen, conspicuous, inspect, respect

SPIR-

EX: spirit, conspire, inspiration

ST(A)-, STIT-, SIST-

EX: stance, circumstance, station, insist

STRING-, STRICT-, [STRAIN-]

EX: veritable, aver, very

STRU-, STRUCT-

EX: instrument, structure, instruct

TANG-, (TING-), TACT-

EX: tangent, contingent, contact, intact

TEMPER-, TEMPOR

EX: temperate, temperature, temporary

TEN-, (TIN-), TENT-, [TAIN-]

EX: tenant, continue, content, contain

TEND-, TENT-, TENS-

EX: tendon, tense, tent, distend, pretense

TENU-

EX: tenuous, attenuate

TERMIN-

EX: terminal, determine

TERR-

EX: terrestrial, territory

TORT-

EX: torture, distort

TRACT-

EX: tractor, traction, detract

TRI-

EX: tricycle, triangle

TRUD-, TRUS-

EX: protrude, intrusion, unobtrusive

TURB-

EX: perturb, turbulence

NOTE: Trouble also derives from this base through French.

UN-

EX: uniform, unanimous

UND-, [OUND-]

EX: abundant, undulate, abound, redound

VAL-, [FAIL-]

EX: value, equivalent, valid, avail, prevail

VEN-, VENT- [VENU-]

EX: intervene, invention, avenue, venue

VERT-, VERS-

EX: revert, aversion

VEST

EX: vest, vestment

VI(A)-

EX: via, previous

VID-, VIS-, [VIEW-]

EX: evident, provide, visual, provision, review

VINC-, VICT-

EX: convince, evince, victor, convict

VIV-

EX: vivid, revive

VOC-, VOK-

EX: vocal, invoke, invocation, provoke, revoke

NOTE: Voice also comes from this base through French.

VOLV-, VOLUT-

EX: revolve, involve, evolution, revolution

VULG-

EX: vulgar, vulgate