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English 122SA UCSB
Prof. Ghosh Winter 2008
33
English
Undergraduate 3
01/28/2008

Additional English Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
POLITICAL REGION
Definition
19th century colonial expansion
Term
GEOGRAPHIC REGION
Definition
bounded subcontinent
Term
ORIENTALISM
Definition

creates an explosion of scholarship in the 18th century

&  is largely Edward Said's failed argument
& ended abruptly after World War II

Term
POPULAR CULTURE
Definition
Is of--and belongs to--the people
Term
INDIA
Definition
is a term used before the end of British rule
Term
he won the Nobel Prize in 1907
Definition
Ruyard Kipling
Term
Popular Media  
Definition

crucial to the social imagination.

1813 - education act 

1835 - earliest universities 

Popular artisans contesting early colonialism through visuals. 

 

ex. Bollywood 

Term
Popularis  
Definition
"belonging to the people"
Term
Functions of popular
Definition

1. way of constructing, categorizing, and dismissing cultural/social practices of "ordinary people"

 

2. a value judgement : "high" culture issoperion.

 

3. a relationship of power : financial and cultural. 

Term
Who coined term "Popular Culture"
Definition
Johann Gottfriend Herder
Term
Folklorist tradition  
Definition

defines terms as a culture that originates from the "folk" (the people, the authentic, the traditional)

 

Term
Intellectual tradition
Definition

1.The people, or masses, as active producers of culture

2. Rural folk seen as active participants in cultural activity urban counterparts as passive consumers

3. emphasis on producers

4. commodities devalued as inauthentic popular culture 

5. Popular v. Mass culture 

Term
The Frankfurt School (1923) 
Definition

Major school on popular culture

 

1. Responding to Nazi use of mass media

2. Theodore Adorno "culture industry"

3. Pop. culture as mind-numbing for mass consumption

4. Pop. culture generates apathy, passivity

 

Term
The Birmingham School (1963-64)
Definition
Also another Major school on Popular Culture
Term
MODERNITY
Definition

1. a break from thinking "the divine" governed your life.

2. emphasis on science and reason

 

Term
Founder of the Asiastic Society   1758
Definition
William Jones
Term
Hegemony
Definition

dominance by ruling elites through consent role of education in English schools to produce a privileged class who supported the British

Introduced by Antonio Gramsci 

Term
Latent Orientalism
Definition
Latent Orientalism is the unconscious, untouchable certainty about what the Orient is. Its basic content is static and unanimous. The Orient is seen as separate, eccentric, backward, silently different, sensual, and passive. It has a tendency towards despotism and away from progress. It displays feminine penetrability and supine malleability. Its progress and value are judged in terms of, and in comparison to, the West, so it is always the Other, the conquerable, and the inferior.
Term
Manifest Orientalism
Definition
Manifest Orientalism is what is spoken and acted upon. It includes information and changes in knowledge about the Orient as well as policy decisions founded in Orientalist thinking. It is the expression in words and actions of Latent Orientalism.
Term

1891 - passes the bar in London

 

1906 - Starts "satyagraha" in S. Africa

 

Known as "the leader", "the satyagrahi", "the icon" 

 

 

 

Definition
Gandhi
Term
Satyagraha 
Definition
Satyagraha ("self-rule")  is a philosophy and practice of nonviolent resistance developed by Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi
Term
1948 - shot to death Hindu by Hindu extremist
Definition
Gandhi.  Because to the Hindu extremists he was feared to give to much away and he was to secular (not Hindu enough).  Gandhi was caught in between Muslims and Hindus. 
Term
Self restraint (based on "ahimsa")
Definition
central to civil relations with others
Term
Boys Adventure Fiction     
Definition

1.  sells the dominant ideology of imperialism in mid-19th to mid-20th c. England

2.  recruits grooms masculine subjects

3. is associated with The Boy Scouts

Term

The Jungle Books

teaches :

Definition

a. teaches racial and cultural affiliation

b. can be read as semi-autobiographical

c. breeds a familiarity of a domestic space at first

Term
The British Raj
Definition

officially the British Indian Empire, and internationally and contemporaneously, India, is the term used synonymously for the region, the rule, and the period, from 1858 to 1947, of the British EmpireIndian subcontinent.

The system of governance lasted from 1858, when the rule of the British East India Company was transferred to the Crown in the person of Queen Victoria (and who, in 1876, was proclaimed Empress of India),

 

Term
Colonialism
Definition
Colonialism is the extension of a nation's sovereignty over territory beyond its borders by the establishment of either settler colonies or administrative dependencies in which indigenouspopulations are directly ruled or displaced. Colonizing nations generally dominate the resources, labor, and markets of the colonial territory, and may also impose socio-cultural, religious and linguistic structures on the conquered population (see also cultural imperialism). It is essentially a system of direct political, economic and cultural intervention by a powerful country in a weaker one. Though the word colonialism is often used interchangeably with imperialism, the latter is sometimes used more broadly as it covers control exercised informally (via influence) as well as formal military control or economic leverage.
Term
Social Darwinism 
Definition

Charles Darwin's 

"survival of the fittest"

the process of social evolution 

Term
Bollywood
Definition
  • the whole of India's film industry/cinema.
  • aka Hindi cinema
  • has a vast consumer base outside of India
  • films are mostly musicals & melodramas
  • also includes the marketing/advertising, awards, singer/songwriters,
Term

S. Asia or the Indian subcontinent

as a Geographic / Political Region 

Definition
  • India, Pakistan, Bangladesh
  • Himalayan states : Nepal & Bhutan
  • Island State: Sri Lanka, the Maladivas
  • India's Andaman, Nicobar, Lawkshadweep Islands
  • The Indian Ocean
Term
imagined community
Definition
states that a nation is a community socially constructed and ultimately imagined by the people who perceive themselves as part of that group.
Term
Rule of Law
Definition
  • describes a state of order where all events conform to the law
  • understood as a doctrine that all eople are equal before the law and work towards a common good.
  • The government is also subject to the law 
  • "The White man's burden" 
Term
Gandhi's Refutation
Definition
Colonial law is unreasonable because the laws discriminate.
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