Term
| Newton's First Law of Motion |
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Definition
An object that is at rest will stay at rest unless an external force acts upon it.
An object that is in motion will not change its velocity unless an external force acts upon it. |
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Term
| newton's second law of motion |
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Definition
net force on an object is equal to the rate of change (that is, the derivative) of its linear momentum p in an inertial reference frame:
Thus, the net force applied to a body produces a proportional acceleration. In other words, if a body is accelerating, then there is a force on it. |
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| Newton's third law of motion |
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Definition
| all forces between two objects exist in equal magnitude and opposite direction |
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Term
| law of conservation of energy |
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Definition
| the total energy of an isolated system remains constant—it is said to be conserved over time. Energy can be neither created nor be destroyed, but it transforms from one form to another, |
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Definition
| the energy that it possesses due to its motion. It is defined as the work needed to accelerate a body of a given mass from rest to its stated velocity |
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| potential of a chemical substance to undergo a transformation through a chemical reaction to transform other chemical substances. |
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| principle that electric charge can neither be created nor destroyed. The net quantity of electric charge, the amount of positive charge plus the amount of negative charge in the universe, is always conserved. |
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Definition
product of the mass and velocity of an object
p = mv |
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| tendency of a force to rotate an object about an axis,[1] fulcrum, or pivot. Just as a force is a push or a pull, a torque can be thought of as a twist to an object. |
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Definition
is the rotational analog of linear momentum. It is an important quantity in physics because it is a conserved quantity – the angular momentum of a system remains constant unless acted on by an external torque.
L = moment of inertia x angular velocity |
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