Term
| In the UNS system of material designations, if an alloy designation starts with a “G”, it is a plain-carbon or low-alloy ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| If an alloy form is produced by mechanical deformation, such as rolling, it is ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| The alloy treatment that provides the lowest-strength and highest-ductility alloys is the ___ condition. |
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Definition
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Term
| Quenching into a saltwater brine produces a ___ cooling rate than quenching into oil. |
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Definition
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Term
| If the AA designation of an alloy begins with a “7”, the major alloy element is ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| If the AA designation of an alloy has three digits, it is a(n) ___ alloy. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: Aluminum alloys such as 2024 and 7050 are recommended for welding. |
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Definition
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Term
| If an AA alloy’s numerical designation is followed by the letter “F”, this indicates that the alloy is as ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| f an aluminum alloy’s numerical designation is followed by “H18”, it is strain-hardened to ___ hardness. |
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Definition
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Term
| If the AA numerical designation of an alloy is followed by “T7”, the alloy is solution heat-treated and artificially ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| The highest-strength aluminum alloys, such as 7075-T6, are strengthened by ___-hardening. |
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Definition
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Term
| Aluminum alloys must be welded in an inert atmosphere because of the formation of aluminum ___ if welding is performed in air. |
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Definition
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Term
| Aluminum-lithium alloys were developed for aircraft applications because of their relatively high yield strength and low ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Aluminum alloys are readily deformed into shape because they have the _____ crystal structure. |
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Definition
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Term
| Cartridge brass can be extensively deformed into thin-walled sections because it does not ___-harden. |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is the major alloy element in the highest-strength copper alloys. |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is an alloy of zinc and copper. |
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Definition
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Term
| Free ___ grades of copper have 1 to 6 weight percent lead. |
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Definition
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Term
| In nickel-silver copper alloys, the major alloy elements are nickel and ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| If a copper alloy is in the (O) condition, it is ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| If a copper alloy is in the OS050 condition, it is annealed with a grain size of ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Many of the mechanical applications of copper alloys are due to high thermal conductivity and excellent ___ resistance. |
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Definition
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Term
| 1020 steel contains ___ weight percent carbon. |
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Definition
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Term
| In 1020 steel, the only significant element other than iron and carbon is ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| The ability of a steel to be hardened to a specific depth is the ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| A way to measure the hardenability is the ___ end quench test. |
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Definition
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Term
| In general, as the yield strength of a given alloy increases, the ductility ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the UNS designation system, high-strength low-alloy steels start with the letter ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| In the ASTM designation system of HSLA steels, the letter grade A following the three digits in the designation system indicates that this alloy is of the ___ strength. |
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Definition
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Term
| An alloy in the UNS designation system starting with the letter T is a ___ steel. |
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Definition
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Term
| The primary purpose of adding chromium to stainless steel is to improve the resistance to ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Austenitic stainless steel has the ___ crystal structure at room temperature. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: Austenitic stainless steel is ferromagnetic |
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Definition
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Term
| In stainless steel, ___ is added to stabilize the austenitic phase. |
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Definition
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Term
| The LS designation of stainless steel used for medical implants indicates low ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| The stainless steel 17-7PH is precipitation hardened with the intermetallic compound ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| The main reason for use of stainless steel is resistance to ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| If 15 wt % Cr is added to iron the oxide that forms on the surface of this alloy is ___ oxide. |
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Definition
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Term
| Austenitic stainless steel is ___ corrosion resistant than ferritic stainless steel. |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ is the stainless steel used in beer kegs. |
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Definition
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Term
| If the AISI designation of a stainless steel begins with a 4, it has the ___ cubic crystal structure. |
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Definition
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Term
| At the chemical composition of iron and 4.26 weight percent carbon and a temperature of 1153°C, there is a(n) ___ reaction. |
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Definition
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Term
| Iron with 2 to 4.5 weight percent carbon is ___ iron. |
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Definition
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Term
| If iron with 4.26 weight percent carbon is cooled to room temperature in a normal manner from the melting temperature, it is called ___ cast iron. |
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Definition
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Term
| In ductile cast iron, the carbon is in the form of ___ rather than as iron carbide. |
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Definition
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Term
| If a cast iron has the designation 60-40-18, the yield strength is equal to ___ psi. |
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Definition
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Term
| If a cast iron has the UNS designation F2XXXX it is ___ cast iron. |
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Definition
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Term
| Automobile engine blocks are made with ___ cast iron. |
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Definition
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Term
| A magnesium alloy that begins with the letters “AK” has major alloy elements of aluminum and ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| A magnesium alloy that has the designation “AZ31” has _ percent aluminum. |
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Definition
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Term
| Magnesium alloys have low ductility because of their ___ close-packed crystal structure. |
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Definition
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Term
| The low ductility and low melting temperature of magnesium alloys results in many parts being ___ into shape. |
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Definition
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Term
| In nickel-based superalloys, aluminum and titanium are added to provide ___-hardening. |
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Definition
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Term
| Aluminum and ___ are added to superalloys to provide corrosion and oxidation resistance. |
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Definition
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Term
| Superalloys that are dispersion-strengthened with an oxide must be produced by ___ metallurgy techniques. |
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Definition
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Term
| The corrosion resistance of titanium alloys is due to the formation of a protective layer of titanium ___ on the surface. |
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Definition
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Term
| At room temperature a crystal of pure titanium is ___ close-packed. |
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Definition
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Term
| The minimum temperature where titanium alloys are 100 % BCC is the β ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Adding BCC elements such as vanadium to titanium ___ the β-phase transus. |
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Definition
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Term
| There are four categories of titanium alloys: ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| CP titanium alloys are primarily solid solution strengthened by the addition of the element ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False: Single-phase alpha titanium alloys can be welded. |
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Definition
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Term
| Alpha titanium alloys with concentrations of aluminum greater than 5 percent can be precipitation-hardened with the precipitate ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| In titanium alloys called “mill annealed,” the alloy is not ___, it is only annealed after deformation. |
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Definition
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Term
| The most corrosion-resistant titanium alloys are the ___ alloys. |
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Definition
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Term
| The highest-strength titanium alloys are the STA ___ alloys. |
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Definition
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Term
| The β alloys of titanium are precipitation-hardened by the precipitation of the ___ by heat-treating at a temperature well below the β-transus. |
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Definition
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Term
| The specific yield strength of the alloy Ti-6Al-4V in Table 8.12 is equal to ___ MPa. |
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Definition
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Term
| The specific elastic modulus of the magnesium alloy AZ31B is equal to ___ GPa. |
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Definition
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Term
| The only metal that does not oxidize is ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| The noble metals are good electrical and ___ conductors. |
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Definition
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Term
| A common property of ___ metals is their high melting temperature. |
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Definition
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Term
| A primary application of ___ is as a cladding for nuclear fuel rods. |
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Definition
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Term
| Galvanized steel is coated with the metal ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| The most widely used ceramic is silica in the form of ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| The primary types of chemical bonding in ceramics are: |
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Definition
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Term
| For a particular type of ceramic, the strength and elastic modulus both increase as the ___ increases. |
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Definition
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Term
| The ceramic that is used as a spark-plug insulator in gasoline engines is ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| One application of ___ is as an exhaust gas oxygen sensor. |
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Definition
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Term
| The primary use for tungsten carbide is for ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| The most extensively utilized commodity thermoplastic polymer is ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| PVC that is ___ has an increased elongation to failure relative to that of rigid PVC. |
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Definition
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Term
| Polypropylene has ___ strength at elevated temperatures than PE does. |
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Definition
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Term
| Polystyrene has a ___ strain to fracture at room temperature relative to that of most other thermoplastic polymers. |
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Definition
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Term
| ABS is a(n) ___ of PAN, BR, and PS. |
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Definition
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Term
| High-impact polystyrene is a copolymer of polystyrene and ___ rubber. |
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Definition
| butadiene or polybutadiene or Buna-S |
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Term
| ___ is the most widely used low-cost commodity plastic for engineering applications. |
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Definition
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Term
| Nylon derives some of its strength from dipole bonds, but this also leads to it ___ polar molecules such as water. |
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Definition
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Term
| The structure of polycarbonate is ___. As a result, it is transparent, and this leads to applications such as safety-glass lenses. |
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Definition
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Term
| A polymer that is made from wood or cotton is ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| PMMA is used as a substitute for ___ where fracture resistance is required. |
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Definition
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Term
| PTFE has low ___ energy. This results in other materials not sticking to it, and applications in cookware. |
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Definition
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Term
| The thermoplastic polymer with the highest melting point is ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| If two benzene rings are linked by an oxygen atom it is an ___ linkage. |
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Definition
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Term
| The main application of PEEK is as a(n) ___ material for carbon-fiber-reinforced composites in aircraft. |
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Definition
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Term
| An advantage of epoxy over thermoplastic polymers as the matrix in composite materials is that the epoxy resin and hardener are ___ when mixed and can be impregnated into the fabric of the composite material. |
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Definition
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Term
| The components of polyester are ___ toxic than epoxy. |
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Definition
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Term
| The most important property of elastomers is the high elastic ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Natural rubber is made from the polymer ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Butadiene rubber has a very low tensile strength; therefore, it is primarily used as a(n) ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| The mer of butyl rubber has no carbon-carbon double bonds; therefore, its molecules cannot be ___ with sulfur. |
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Definition
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Term
| Thermoset polyester (PET) is produced by cross-linking a(n) ___ form of PET. |
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Definition
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Term
| In a thermoplastic elastomer there are areas of ___ bonding that allow for large strains, and areas of strong bonding that anchor the LCMs together. |
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Definition
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Term
| In silicones the backbone polymer is composed of alternating silicon atoms and ___ atoms. |
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Definition
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Term
| Polyurethanes result from the reaction of a(n) ___ and an isocyanate. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is not a physical property of pure aluminum? |
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Definition
| High specific yield strength |
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Term
| Which of the following aluminum alloys is strain hardened and stabilized to full hardness? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following aluminum alloys should you consider the primary candidate for a design where specific yield strength is the most critical design factor? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following aluminum alloys is not suitable for welding? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following copper alloys can be precipitation hardened to a relatively high yield strength? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following steels is not quenched and tempered to increase the strength? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the weight percent carbon in 1020 steel? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following steels has the highest hardenability? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is not a property of an austenitic stainless steel? |
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Definition
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Term
| If iron with 4.3 wt. % carbon is heated to 850°C for an extended period of time, what is the resulting form of cast iron? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the primary advantage of magnesium alloys? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the microstructure of superalloys that are used for the highest temperature gas turbine blades? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the base metal for superalloys that are used for the highest temperature applications? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following applications is not suitable for a titanium alloy? |
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Definition
| a gas turbine part at 700°C (1292°F) |
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Term
| Which of the following materials has the highest specific yield strength at room temperature? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following is not a suitable application for a noble metal? |
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Definition
| Large parts in sea water, such as a ship hull |
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Term
| Which of the following is not a property of refractory metals? |
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Definition
| Good oxidation resistance at high temperature |
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Term
| The best way to increase the tensile strength of a polycrystalline ceramic is to |
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Definition
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Term
| An architect wants to use glass in a highly tensile stressed critical application on the exterior of a building, and you are asked to select a suitable material. The best solution for this request is to: |
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Definition
| Suggest a redesign with another material |
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Term
| The design of a part that operates at room temperature requires a material that is of low density, corrosion resistant, and low cost. The stresses on the part are very low. Which of the following materials might be appropriate? |
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Definition
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Term
| The design of a part that operates at temperatures up to 150°C (302°F) requires a material that is of low density and corrosion resistant. The stresses on the part are up to 50 MPa (7250psi), and it is required to be able to recycle the material. Which of the following materials might be appropriate? |
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Definition
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