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| Romanticism Main Emphases |
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Definition
| 18th-19th century, imagination, feeling, individual |
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Famous Author from Romanticism
(Author and work) |
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Definition
Mary Wollstonecraft
Vindication of the Rights of Women |
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American and French Revolutions
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| Brotherhood, rights of individuals, uniqueness, |
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| Economic and Social Developments of Romanticism |
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Definition
| Middle class being produced on money, scientific research/inventions, cities were growing, violent change |
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| New Philosophies of Romanticism |
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Definition
Kant - Questioned reason as source of knowledge, feeling is the best guide
Rousseau - Reassured by uniqueness, not unversality
Essential Goodness of Human Nature - Institutional restraint dangerous |
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Definition
Questioned reason as source of knowledge
Feeling is best guide |
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Definition
| Reassured by uniqueness, not unversality |
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| Essential Goodness of Human Nature |
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Definition
| Institutional restraint dangerous |
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Definition
Novel of Sensibility
Gothic Novel
Frankenstein |
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Definition
Goethe's Werther
Mackenzie's Man of Feeling
1770's
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Definition
18th century
Written by women
Young woman at center
Confronts supernatural
Intuition and feeling |
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Definition
Mary Shelley 1818
Epitomizes intense women's writing |
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| Historical Developments in Romanticism |
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Definition
Charles Darwin's Origin of Species publicized his theory of evolution
Karl Marx's Das Kapital presented his conception of man as a cog in an economic machine |
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Term
| Main Concepts of Romanticism |
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Definition
Nature - Physical reality, possibility of escape, unifying spirit
Alienation - Civilization corrupts, society desecrates nature, society oppresses the poor
Hero - Melancholy, hope in separation from society |
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Definition
Chaos, anxiety, rapid change
Self-conscious, technically brilliant
Ignores traditional values
How we know what we know |
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Definition
Reaction to 19th-century positivism, which put faith in science and rational inquiry
Auguste Comte founded positivism, began "science of humanity" (sociology)
Utopian socialists, like Comte, thought a perfect society could be created by understanding social laws |
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Karl Marx - Workers are alienated, workers are cogs in industrial machine
Nietzsche - Focused on individual, God is dead, mediocrity in mass society |
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Term
| Reaction to Past (Modernism) |
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Definition
WWI - Turned people against everything inherited from the recent past
French Philosopher Henri Bergson - Reality is fluid, only understood through consciousness
Marcel Proust and James Joyce reflect new way of perceiving reality in their stream of consciousness style of writing |
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Definition
| Psychoanalysis, subconscious motives, irrational as influential to rational |
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| Writers indebted to Freud's Theories |
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Definition
| Lawrence, Faulkner, Porter |
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Term
| Experiments in Literature (Modernism) |
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Definition
Language to limits of incomprehensibility with endless networking of associations (Joyce - Finnegan's Wake)
Jung's theory of collective unconscious says that humans share a buried level of universal experience that can be reached by myth, religion, and art
T.S. Elliot's Waste Land - archetypes |
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Definition
Theory of relativity left behind concepts of absolute motion, absolute difference of time and space
Another blow to certainty about the physical world
Led to a sense of a confused, meaningless world that was absurd. |
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Definition
Beckett, Sartre, and Camus tried to deal with this new view by saying man could choose his actions at each point in his life
Image of the lonely tragic hero
Modernism can be thought of as self-conscious manipulation of form |
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Definition
| Old European order broken, nationalism growing, liberty, industrial revolution |
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Darwin
Less religious influence
Pessimistic and atheistic |
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Definition
French impressionists
Claude Monet |
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Definition
most influential of the arts
Flaubert
Dostoevesky
Dickens
James
Ibsen |
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Definition
Truthful representation of reality
Contemporary life and manners
Emile Zola |
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Definition
Determinism
Heredity
Environment |
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Definition
Sordid
Low
Disgusting
Author's personality not to interfere |
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Term
| How old was Mary Shelley when she began Frankenstein? |
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Definition
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| How old was Mary Shelley when she finished Frankenstein? |
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Definition
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| What was Mary Shelley's inspiration for Frankenstein? |
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Definition
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| How old was Mary Shelley when she died? |
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| When writing the letters, where is Robert Walton heading? |
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Definition
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| Where did Victor Frankenstein grow up? |
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Definition
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| How is Victor related to Elizabeth? |
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Definition
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| Where does Victor Frankenstein go to College? |
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Definition
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| What does Victor Frankenstein study at Ingolstadt? |
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Definition
| Natural philosophy and chemistry |
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| What is Victor trying to find at Ingolstadt? |
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Definition
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| After Victor destroys the 2nd monster, what does the monster do? |
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Definition
| Kills Henry Clerval and Victor's wife |
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Chem prof
Encourages Victor |
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Philosophy prof
discourages Victor |
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| Narrators of Frankenstiein |
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