Term
Short Story
-What is it? When was it developed? |
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Definition
A story that is shorter than a novel and should take about half an hour to two hours to read.
Developed in the 1800s during the industrial revolution. |
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| Who is largely responsible for developing the modern short story? |
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Definition
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| Traditional Plot Pattern and its 5 elements |
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Definition
Δ
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Exposition: context, setting, characters
Rising Action: complications
Climax: point of greatest tension
Falling: Leadin to resolution
Resolution: closure, denonement |
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Term
Pulp fiction
-What is it?
-Typical settings
-What element of fiction drives it? |
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Definition
Cheap, mass produced popular fiction
Exagerated, exotic setting
Driven by plot (not characterization), gender stereotypes are upheld |
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Term
What is style?
Three aspects of style |
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Definition
Distincive manner in which a writer arranges words toa chieve particular effects
Order of words, type of words, length of sentences |
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Term
Irony
-situation, verbal, dramatic |
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Definition
device that reveals one thing but means teh opposite
Situational: when there is an incongruity between what is expected to happen and what actually happens
Vebal: a person saying one thing but meaning the opposite
Dramatic: creastes a deiscrepancy between what a character believes or says and what the reader understands to be true |
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Term
Theme
-what is it?
-Uses for the reader
-Modern themes |
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Definition
Central idea or meaning of a story
-provides unifying point around with the plot, setting, characters, pov, symbols, etc are organized
-creates greater understanding of story/aid in articulating central meaning
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Term
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Definition
| novel, essay, short stories |
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| sci-fi, romance, adventure |
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| character undergoes some kind of change because of teh action of the plot |
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| chacter who does not change throughout the entire story |
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| embodies one or two ideas, qualities, or traits, that can be described in a brief summary |
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| more fully developed and harder to summarize |
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| character which helps to reveal, by contrast, the distinctive qualities of another character |
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| Major Components of Setting |
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Definition
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| symbols that a culture collectively embraces and defines |
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| usually just one thing and can occur multiple times or only once in a story |
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| Narrator's info/viewpoint/values do not agree with that of author's |
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| narrator with youthful innocence and is either too young or niave to understand what is going on |
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| restricted to perceptions, thoughts, and feelings of single character |
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Omniscent: all knowing narrator- knows thoughts of ALL characters
Limited Omniscent: only inside the head of one or two characters |
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| Limited Omniscent- Objective |
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Definition
| Evaluating characters for the reader |
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| Limited Omniscent- Neutral |
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Definition
| narration allows character's actions and thoughts to speak for themselves |
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| So close to the character's thoughts and view that it seems to be from the character's POV |
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| takes the reader inside the character's mind to reveal perceptions, thoughts and feelings on a concious or unconcios level |
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| Author's implicit attitude toward people, places, and events in a story |
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| implied comparison between two things of unlike nature that yet have something in common |
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| explicit comparason between two things of unlike nature yet have something in common (like, as) |
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| use of words whose sound echoes the sense |
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| yoking of two terms that are ordinarily contradictory |
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| investing abstractions or inanimate objects with human qualities or abilities |
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Choice of words
Formal: dignified, impersonal, and elevated use of language
Informal: conversational, used by sub-cultures
Middle Diction: less formal |
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| One speaker talkng about feelings/experiences |
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| use of elevated language over ordinary language |
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| associations and implications that go beyond a word's litery meanings |
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| literal, dictionary meanings of a word |
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| Words look and sound alike |
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| Words do not rhyme perfectly but are spelled similarly |
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| same vowel sounds anywhere in consecutive or nearby words |
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| same consonant at the beginning of nearby words |
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| same consonant sound anywhere in consecutive or nearby words |
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| small paragraphes found in poetry |
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| no regular line-lengths, metrical forms, poetic syntax and counterpoint of stressed and unstressed syllables |
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sing-songy, heavey-handed rhymed and metered poetry
-relies on end rhyme
-mass-marketed |
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| Like doggerel but does not take itself seriously |
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| thought, phrase, clause, or sentences ends at end of line |
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| thought, phrase, clause, or sentence overruns the end of the line and flows into another |
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Postmodernist
-sometimes uses metafiction |
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Group of American writers who left America after WWI
-expatriots
-also refers to generation of young ment who lost their lives |
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Highly intellectual movement, primarily england
TS Eliot= most significant
freud and jung |
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Anti-establishment
After WWII
-1960s radical reform |
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Modernist
Developed free-verse |
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Modernist
Southern-Gothic
Short stories and novels |
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Postmodernist
short stories, essays |
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Post-modernist
metafiction |
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Faulkner wrote during modernist era
Genre: southern-gothic
Important History: slaves were freed from plantation life
Literary terms used: Third person plural- told from pov of entire town; gives a general conciousness. Unreliable because from multiple people's perception but reliable because more people to back up the story. Static Character who stays the same throughout the story- except for weight |
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Definition
Harlem Renaissance (Post Modern)
Poetry
Important History: Great Migration
Literary terms used: enjambment pulls you to keep reading from line to line- connecting , assonance slows you down- like blues music, personificatin- piano moaned |
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