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Energy
Dr. Fred - A collection of terms and ideas useful in chemistry.
28
Chemistry
10th Grade
10/08/2004

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Term
Chemical energy
Definition
Potential energy stored in chemical bonds.
Term
Efficiency
Definition
A measure of the amount of work produced by a machine compared to the amount of work put in.
Term
Electrical energy
Definition
Potential energy which can move electrons.
Term
Electromagnetic waves
Definition
A family of energy waves which include TV and Radio waves, microwaves, ultraviolet waves, x-rays, and visible light.
Term
Energy
Definition
The ability to do work.
Term
Gravitational energy
Definition
Potential energy due to attraction between two masses.
Term
Heat energy
Definition
Kinetic energy in the vibrations of molecules.
Term
Kinetic energy
Definition
Energy of motion.
Term
Light energy
Definition
Kinetic energy due to the vibration of electrical fields.
Term
Magnetic energy
Definition
Potential energy found in magnets or electromagnets.
Term
Mechanical energy
Definition
Kinetic energy found in moving objects.
Term
Nuclear energy
Definition
Potential energy stored in the nucleus of an atom.
Term
Potential energy
Definition
Stored energy or energy of position.
Term
Sound energy
Definition
Kinetic energy in the form of vibrations of air or other molecules.
Term
Work
Definition
A force pulling or pushing through a distance.
Term
Joule
Definition
An SI unit of energy.

1 J = 1 Newton-meter = 1 kg m2/s2.

Term
Conservation of Energy
Definition
A scientific law which states that energy can not be created or destroyed, but only converted from one form to another.
Term
Exothermic
Definition
referring to a chemical reaction which releases energy.
Term
Endothermic
Definition
referring to a chemical reaction which absorbs energy.
Term
Activation energy
Definition
The amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction.
Term
Absolute Zero
Definition
The temperature at which all molecular motion stops; theoretically the lowest temperature possible.
Term
Kelvin scale
Definition
A temperature scale for which zero degrees equals absolute zero. Water freezes at 273 Kelvin and boils at 373 Kelvin.
Term
Celsius scale
Definition
A temperature scale for which absolute zero equals -273o C, water freezes at 0oC and boils at 100oC.
Term
Fahrenheit scale
Definition
A temperature scale for which absolute zero equals -460oF, water freezes at 32oF and boils at 212oF.
Term
Calorie
Definition
the quantity of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1oC.
Term
Calorimetry
Definition
the measurement of the amount of heat released or absorbed during a chemical reaction.
Term
Calorimeter
Definition
a device used for measuring heat loss or gain in a chemical reaction.
Term
Specific heat
Definition
the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1oC.
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