Term
|
Definition
Adenohypophysis (anterior lobe)
Neurohypophysis (posterior lobe) |
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Term
| What gland controls pituitary gland activity? |
|
Definition
|
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Term
| What hormones are positive releasing factors secreted from the adenohypophysis (anterior lobe)? |
|
Definition
TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone)
ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone)
FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
LH (luteinizing hormone
GH (growth hormone) |
|
|
Term
| What hormones are negative releasing factors secreted from the adenohypophysis (anterior lobe)? |
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Definition
PRL (prolactin)
GH (growth hormone) |
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Term
| What hormones are released by the hypothalamus that are positive releasing factors impact the adenohypophysis? |
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Definition
TRH (thyroid releasing hormone)
CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone)
GnRH (gonadatropin releasing hormone)
GHRH (growth hormone releasing hormone) |
|
|
Term
| What hormones are released by the hypothalamus that are negative releasing factors impact the adenohypophysis? |
|
Definition
PIF (prolactin inhibiting factor or dopamine)
GIH (growth inhibiting hormone) |
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Term
| What neurohypophysis hormones (posterior lobe) are positive releasing factors? |
|
Definition
Oxytocin
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cause of hyperpituitarism? |
|
Definition
| Adenomas of the anterior lobe (adenohypophysis) |
|
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Term
| What is the most frequent pituitary adenoma? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What are the signs and symptoms of prolactinoma and how is it treated? |
|
Definition
Amenorrhea, galactorrhea, decreased libido, infertility
Bromocrtiptine or surgery |
|
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Term
| Name 2 posterior pituitary syndromes? |
|
Definition
Diabetes Insipidus
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH (SIADH) |
|
|
Term
| Characteristics of Diabetes Insipidus |
|
Definition
- Almost always d/t hypothalamus origin
- ADH deficiency (central DI) vs renal tubular unresponsiveness to ADH (nephrogenic DI)
- Excessive urination d/t inability to reabsorb H2O from urine
- ↑Na+ and ↑osmolality
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|
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Term
| Characteristics of SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate ADH) |
|
Definition
- Resporption of excessive H2O
- Can be caused by small-cell lung CA, drugs, & CNS disorders
- ↓Na+, cerebral edema, neurologic dysfunction
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|
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Term
|
Definition
- ↓ secretion of pituitary hormones d/t diseases of hypothalamus and/or pituitary
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|
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Term
| What causes hypopituitarism? |
|
Definition
- tumors and other mass lesions
- traumatic brain injury
- pituitary surgery or radiation
- pituitary apoplexy (hemorrhage in pituitary)
- ischemic necrosis of pituitary (Sheehan syndrome)
- Rathke cleft cyst
- empty sella syndrome
- genetic defects
- hypothalamic lesions
- inflammatory disorders
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|
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Term
| What does growth hormone deficiency lead to? |
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Definition
|
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Term
| What does gonadtropin deficiency cause? |
|
Definition
amenorrhea, infertility (women)
decreased libido, impotence, decreased axillary/pubic hair (men) |
|
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Term
| TSH/ACTH deficiency will cause . . . |
|
Definition
TSH - hypothyroidism
ACTH - hypoadrenalism |
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Term
| Prolactin deficiency will lead to . . . |
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Definition
| decreased postpartum lactation |
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