Term
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Definition
Parathyroid hormone
Controls calcium and phosphate
metabolism |
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Term
| How does PTH contol blood Ca? |
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Definition
| By regulating the release of Ca from bone, absorbing Ca from the intestines, and excreting Ca in the urine |
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Term
| As Ca+ rises, ________ drops |
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Definition
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Term
| When ____ is present ______ give up their Ca+ in an attempt to _____ the ________ level oc calcium |
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Definition
| When PTH is present, bones give up calcium in an attempt to increase the blood level of calcium |
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Term
| Primary hyperparathyroidism |
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Definition
| Increased secretion of PTH, leading to disorders of Ca+, Phosphate, and bone metabolism caused by benign neoplasm or single adenoma in the parathyroid gland |
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Term
| Secondary hyperparathyroidism |
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Definition
| compensatory response to states that induce or cause hypocalcemia, the stimulus of PTH secretion, vit D deficiency, malabsorption, CRF, hyperphosphatemia |
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Term
| ______, vitamin D deficiency, high levels of ______, malabsorption, exposure to _______ and ________ _________, and hx of _____ _____are all risk factors for _______parathyroidism |
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Definition
| Adenoma, Vitamin D deficiency, high phosphate levels, CRF, Malabsoption, exposure to head and neck radiation and hx of neck/thyroid surgery are risk factors for hyperparathyroidism |
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Term
| Risk factors for _______parathyroidism include accidental removal of the _______gland during _________surgery, _______ defect (rare), inadequare ______ supply, CRF, Vit _____ deficiency, and ___________. |
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Definition
| Hypoparathyroidism risks include: accidentaly removal of the parathyroid gland during thyroid surgery, genetic defect (rare), inadequate blood supply, CRF, vit D deficiency, hypomagnesemia |
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Term
| Hyperparathyroidism Jingle |
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Definition
| "Stones, bones, moans and groans" |
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Term
|
Definition
Hypercalciura due to inability to absorb Ca+. Causing:
Renal involvement: kidney stones (nephrolithiasis)
Appearance of sand in urine
Risk of renal failure |
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Term
|
Definition
Osteoperosis, osteopenia
decalcification of bone
high risk for fracture |
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Term
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Definition
| Pain r/t FRACTURES*, bone decacification, kidney stones, pancreatitis |
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Term
Labs for HYPERparathyroid
Increase in ___
Increase in serum _______, __ (>/<) ___mg/dl
Decrease in serum _______, (>/<) __mg/dl |
|
Definition
Increase in PTH
Increase in serum Ca+, >10mg/dl
Decrease in serum phosphate <3mg/dl |
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Term
| HYPOparathyroidism labs Decrease in _____ Decrease in ________, (>/<) ___mg/dl |
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Definition
| Decrease in PTH Decrease in Ca, 4.7 mg/dl |
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Term
| Medical management of hyperparathyroidism includes hydration as well as administering _______ in increase _____ca+ excretion, as well as administering ______(_______) to increase _______ _______ ________ |
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Definition
| administering lasix to increase excretion of urine calcium and plicamycin (mithracin) to increase bone resorption of calcium |
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Term
| In acute hyperparathyroidism, the nurse must elevate serum ____ rapidly, prevent or treat _____, and control ______ spasm and consequent _______ |
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Definition
| Elevate serum calcium quickly, prevent or treat seizures, and control laryngeal spasm and consequent respiratory obstruction |
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Term
| In severe hyperparathyroidism, or in the case of a tumor the treatment is __________ |
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Definition
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Term
In mild hyperparathyroid the treatment is
prevent _________
_____ _______
moderate _____ intake
______ supplementation
and monitor the disease |
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Definition
| Prevent immobility, push fluids, moderate ca++ intake, PO4 supplementation |
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Term
| If the patient has severe bone disease we expect to administer _______(_______) |
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Definition
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Term
| In Hypoparathyroidism _____ is not indicated. Add at least _____ a day of _____ and avoid foods like ____ and _____ because they are high in ______. |
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Definition
Surgery is not indicated
Supplement at least 1 GRAM/day of Ca+ to diet and avoid milk and cheese as they are high in phosphate |
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Term
| In hypoparathyroidism, in addition to 1gm/day ca+ and vit D supplements,_______ is administered to bind phosphate. |
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Definition
| Amphogel is given to bind phosphate |
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Term
| If someone with hypoparathyroid experiences tetany, the nurse is prepared to elevate ____ as quickly as possible with _____________ ___ IV over the course of __ ___. This may cause ______ ______ as well as hypotension. |
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Definition
| Elevate serum Ca++ levels as quickly as possible and administer 10% Ca Gluconate slow IV/IVP (10 minutes) |
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Term
| Hyperparathyroidism results in hte GI symptom of _______, vs hypoparathyroidism where the patient may have the GI symptom of |
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Definition
Hyperparathyroidism: constipation
Hypoparathyroidism: fecal incontinence |
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Term
| Adrenal cortex produces ________, as well as ________ and _________ |
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Definition
CORTisol as well as androgens and aldosterone
(these hormones start with the letter "a" or "c" just like Adrenal Cortex: "adrenal cortex is salt, sugar and sex" |
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Term
| Adrenal disorders may be disorders of the adrenal _____ or the adrenal ______ |
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Definition
| Adrenal cortex or adrenal medulla |
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Term
| Adrenal medulla secretes _______ hormones: _________ and _______ |
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Definition
Adrenal medulla secretes stress hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine
"MEN are stressful" |
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Term
| Adrenal cortex is the ____ section and it is stimulated by _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Disorders of the adrenal cortex include, ______ which is too much ________ and ________, which is too little ______. |
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Definition
| Cushings is too much cortisol, and Addison's is too little cortisol |
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Term
| Cushing's may be caused by an ______ secreting ________ tumor, or by administration of ______. |
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Definition
| ACTH secreting pituitary tumor or administration of cortisol (STEROIDS) |
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Term
| Addison's disease my be due to and _________ disease or a ________ cause |
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Definition
| Autoimmune disease or secondary cause |
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Term
| Disorders of the adrenal cortex, having to do with the hormone __________ include Conn's disease (too ________ _______) and ________ which is too little aldosterone) |
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Definition
Aldosterone,
Conn's disease is too much, hypoaldosterone is too little |
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