Term
| Early S/S related to Hypothyroidism |
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Definition
- Thin and brittle hair/nails
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Term
| Thyrocalcitonin (calcitonin) |
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Definition
| Inhibits mobilizatin of calcium from bone and reduces blood calcium levels |
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Term
| Secretion of T3 and T4 is regulated by the..... |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Most common; caused by disease or loss of the thyroid gland |
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Term
|
Definition
| Failure of the anterior pituitary gland to stimulate the thyroid or failure of the target tissues to respond to thyroid hormones |
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Term
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Definition
| Caused by failure of hypothalamus to produce thyroid-releasing factor |
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Term
| Cretinism (congenital hypothyroidism) |
|
Definition
| Severe; found in infants; abnormal amounts of thyroid hormones impede skeletal and CNS maturation: results in mental retardation |
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Term
|
Definition
- Caused by autoimmune thyroiditis
- Affects growth and sexual maturation
- S/S similar to adult hypothyroidism (ie wt gain, ↓ HR, ↓ BP)
- Affects reversible with appropriate treatment
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Term
Adult onset hypothyroidism
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|
Definition
- Most prevalent in women
- Incidence increases after the age of 40, although not uncommon after childbirth
- May cause acceleration of CAD and cardiac complications
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Term
|
Definition
| Life threatening; occurs when hypothyroidism is untreated or when a stressor affects a client with this diagnosis |
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Term
| Findings related to myxedema coma |
|
Definition
- Significantly depressed RR
- Decreased CO
- Stupor
- Hypothermia
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Term
| Causes of hyperthyroidism |
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Definition
- Graves disease is the most common cause
Autoimmune antibodies mimic TSH leading to excessive secretion of thyroid hormones
- Result of immunoglobulins on the thyroid gland
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|
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Term
| In hyperthyroidism, what happens to you TSH and T3 levels? |
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Definition
| Your TSH levels decreases and T3 elevates |
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Term
| What is a major side effect of Propylthiouracil (PTU)? |
|
Definition
| Immunosuppression; assess for infection |
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Term
Thyroid Storm
aka
thyrotoxic crisis |
|
Definition
| Results from a sudden surge of large amts of thyroid hormones causing an even greater increase in body metabolism; its a medical emergency with a high mortality rate |
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|
Term
Thyroid Storm
Precipitating factors include: |
|
Definition
| Infection, trauma or emotional stress, post surgical partial thyroidectomy |
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Term
| Symptoms associated with a thyroid storm |
|
Definition
| Hyperthermia, HTN, delirium, tachydysrhythmias |
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Term
| Thyroid storm nursing interventions |
|
Definition
- Administer acetaminophen for hyperthermia
- Cool sponge baths, ice packs
- Administer PTU and/or beta-blockers as ordered
- IV fluids as ordered to prevent vascular collapse
- Administer sodium iodide as prescribed and only after PTU administration to avoid exacerbation of symptoms
- Monitor for hyperglycemia and administer insulin as prescribed
- Supplemental O2 as indicated
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|
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Term
| When is a thyroidectomy performed? |
|
Definition
| When drug therapy fails or radiation is contraindicated; also used in the prescence of goiter or thyroid cancer |
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Term
| Nursing Interventions after thyroidectomy |
|
Definition
- Observe for signs of resp distress: keep trach tray at bedside for first 24 hrs (hypocalcemia may cause laryngospasm)
- Assess for s/o bleeding
- Monitor for hypocalcemia
- Maintain in high fowlers position
- Monitor for laryngeal nerve damage: voice changes
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Term
|
Definition
| Caused by defect in the hypothalamus or pituitary gland |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Inherited; renal tubules do not respond to ADH |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
As urine volume decreases, urine osmo increases
As serum volume increases, serum osmo decreases |
|
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Term
|
Definition
- Weakness and muscle cramps r/t hyponatremia
- Wt gain w/o edema (water, not Na, is retained)
- Personality changes
- Oliguria
- Confusion
- Lethargy
- Symptoms of excessive fluid volume
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|
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Term
|
Definition
- Demeclocycline (Declomycin) or lithium carbonate: blocks the renal response to ADH
- Hypertonic IV fluid (3-5% saline)
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|
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Term
| Central pontine myelinolysis (CPM) |
|
Definition
| Condition characterized by nerve damage from destruction of the myelin sheath in pons. Most common cause is rapid change in sodium levels (levels rise too fast) |
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Term
| Endogenous causes of Cushings Disease |
|
Definition
- Adrenal hyperplasia
- Adrenocortical neoplasm
- Carcinomas of the lung, GI tract or pancreas (Cushing's secondary to carcinoma is most common in women)
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|
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Term
| Exogenous causes of Cushings Syndrome |
|
Definition
- Asthma
- Autoimmune disorders
- Organ transplantation
- Cancer chemotherapy
- Allergies
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|
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Term
| Therapeutic procedures for endogenous Cushings |
|
Definition
- Surgical removal of the pituitary or adrenal gland
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
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Term
| Normal T3 and T4 lab values |
|
Definition
T3: 80-230 ng/dL
T4: 5-12 mcg/dL |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of diet should pt's with Addisons be on? |
|
Definition
| High protein, high carb, normal sodium intake |
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