Term
Associated with HLA-DR5
Progresses to hypothyroidism |
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Definition
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Term
| Chronic inflammation with germinal centers and Hurthle cells (eosinophilic metaplasia) |
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Definition
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Term
Increased risk for B-cell (marginal zone) lymphoma.
Presents as hypothyroidism with an enlarging thyroid gland late in disease course |
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Definition
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Term
| Granulomatous thyroiditis after a viral infection |
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Definition
| Subacute granulomatous (de quervain thyroiditis) |
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Term
Chronic inflammation with extensive fibrosis of thyroid gland
Patients usually younger (40's) |
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Definition
| Reidel Fibrosing thyroiditis |
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Term
| Presents as hypothyroidism with a "hard as wood" nontender thyroid gland |
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Definition
| Reidel fibrosing thyroiditis |
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Term
Benign proliferation of follicles surrounded by a fibrous capsule
Can sometimes produce thyroid hormone |
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Definition
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Term
Most common type of thyroid carcinoma
Ionizing radiation in childhood is a major risk factor |
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Definition
| Papillary thyroid carcinoma |
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Term
| Comprised of malignant cells with clear "Orphan annie nuclei" and nuclear grooves. |
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Definition
| Papillary thyroid carcinoma |
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Term
| Thyroid carcinoma associated with psamomma bodies |
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Definition
| Papillary thyroid carcinoma |
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Term
| Malignant proliferation of follicles surrounded by a fibrous capsule with invasion through the capsule |
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Definition
Follicular thyroid carcinoma
Metastasis hematogenously |
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Term
| Malignant proliferation of parafollicular C cells (neural crest origin) |
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Definition
| Medullary Thyroid carcinoma |
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Term
| Malignant proliferation of neuroendocrine cells that secrete calcitonin |
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Definition
| Medullary thyroid carcinoma |
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Term
| Malignant proliferation of cells where biopsy reveals malignant cells in an amyloid stroma |
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Definition
Medullary thyroid carcinoma
Calcitonin can often deposit as amyloid in the tumor |
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Term
| Malignant proliferation of thyroid cells that is associated with MEN2a and MEN2b |
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Definition
| Medullary Thyroid carcinoma |
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Term
Undifferentiated malignant tumor cells of the thyroid (don't resemble anything)
Often appears in OLDER patients leading to dysphagia |
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Definition
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma
Where as this in younger patients would appear to be more like Reidel fibrosing thyroditis |
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Term
| Benign neoplasm of chief cells causing nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis, CNS disturbances, constipation, peptic ulcer disease, and acute pancreatitis, and osteitis fibrosa cystica |
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Definition
Parathyroid adenoma
"stones bones groans, psychiatric overtones"
Labs:
Increased: PTH, calcium, cAMP, alkaline phosphatase
Decreased: phosphate |
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Term
| Most common cause of secondary hyperparathyroidism |
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Definition
Chronic renal failure
Labs:
Increased: PTH, serum phosphate, alkaline phosphatase
Decreased: calcium
Due to the fact that the kidneys won't secrete phosphate, and that phosphate will naturally bind Ca |
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Term
| Causes of Hypoparathyroidism |
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Definition
Damage from thyroid surgery
Radioablation from hyperthyroidism
DiGeorge Syndrome
Autoimmune damage |
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Term
Tumor of islet cells
Presents as episodic hypoglycemia
mental status changes that relieve with administration of glucose |
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Definition
Insulinoma
Diagnosed by decreased glucose levels, increased insulin and increased C-peptide
MEN1 |
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Term
Present as treatment resistant peptic ulcers
Ulcers may be multiple and extend into the jejunum |
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Definition
Gastrinoma (Zollinger Ellison Syndrome)
MEN1 |
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Term
| Secrete excessive vasoinactive peptide which relaxes intestinal smooth muscle and causes copious diarrhea |
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Definition
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Term
| Presents as achlorhydria (due to inhibition of gastrin) and cholelithiasis with steatorrhea (due to inhibition of CCK) |
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Definition
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Term
Tumor of chromaffin cells (neural crest derived)
Diagnosed by increased serum metanephrines and increased vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) |
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Definition
Pheochromocytoma
MEN2a, MEN2b |
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Term
| Prior to excision, must administer phenoxybenzamine (irreversible alpha antagonist) |
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Definition
Pheochromocytoma
MEN2a, MEN2b |
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Term
Episodic hypertension, headache, palpitations, tachycardia, sweating
Most common site of metastasis is bladder wall. Episodes during urination! |
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Definition
Pheochromocytoma
MEN2a, MEN2b |
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Term
| Excessive hyponatremia, euvolemia, constantly high urine osmolarity, usually due to a extopic source/tumor |
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Definition
SIADH
Tx: demeclocycline, free water restriction |
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