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| secretory products of endocrine glands. A chemical signal or ligand |
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| cell with specific receptors on which a hormone exerts its effect |
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| type of endocrine secretion in which the hormone affects nearby cells |
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| hormone that acts on the same cell that secreted it |
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| glands that secrete its products into a duct or onto a body surface |
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| cells of endocrine glands secrete chemical signals that influence tissues that are seperate from endocrine by some distance |
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| lipids that include complex rings of carbon and hydrogen atoms |
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| derived from the amino acid, tyrosine |
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| secrete into environment and modify behavior & physiology |
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| composed of long chains of amino acids linked to form intricate molecular structures |
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| what some neurons secrete as chemical signals into circulatory system; functions like hormones |
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| compound composed of a carbohydrate combined with a protein |
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| compound composed of two or more bonded amino acids |
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| group of compounds that have powerful hormonelike effects |
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| amplitude modulated signal |
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| consists mainly of increases or decreases in concentration of hormones in the body fluids over periods randing usually from minutes to hours |
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| frequency modulated signal |
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| produced by neurons which determines the strength of frequency signal |
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| periodic increases in the sensitivity of some cells to certain hormones |
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| the number of receptors can rapidly decrease after exposure to certain chemical signals |
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| the portion of each protein or glycoprotein molecule where a chemical signal binds |
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| binds to the nucleus to particular DNA sequences, either activating or inhibiting specific genes |
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| the area where interaction occurs with other membrane proteins with a chemical signal |
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| receptors that extend across the plasma membrane and have their receptor sites exposed to the outer surface of the plasma membrane |
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| receptors in the cytoplasm or the nuclear membrane of the cell |
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| the biochemicals in the cell that induce the changes that are recognized as responses to the hormone |
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"adenosine monophosphate" many hormones use it as a second messenger |
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"cyclic adenosine monophosphate" enzyme that gets activated by the subunits |
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| protein of the plasma membrane & consists of 3 subunits: alpha, beta, gamma |
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| an integral membrane protein with its active site facing the inside of cell |
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| enzymes that regulate the activity of other enzymes by attaching phosphates to them |
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| a nucleotide found in RNA |
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"cyclic guanine monophosphate" produced intracellularly in response to ligand attaching receptor |
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| response in a way to reverse the direction of change; allows homeostasis to remain constant |
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| stimulates other endocrine glands to release hormones |
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| secretes nine major hormones regulated by the hypothalamus (pituitary gland) |
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| stalk attaching the pituitary gland to the base of the brain |
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| "anterior pituitary" comprises the anterior lobe of the pit. gland; genuinely glandular |
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"posterior pituitary" comprises the posterior lobe of the pit. gland |
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| links the hypotalamus and the anterior pit.; allows communication between the two |
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| "growth hormone inhibiting hormone" regulates the endocrine system |
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| high blood glucose level and glucose in the urine due to a deficiency of insulin |
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| extremely copious urine produced due to a deficiency of antidiuretic hormone or lack of ADH response |
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| pattern of repeated behavior associated with the cycles of night and day |
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| threatens tissue; includes extreme heat or cold, decreased oxygen concentration, infections, injuries, prolonged heavy exercise & loud sounds. often accompanied by unpleasant or painful sensations |
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