Term
| What diabetic drugs carry the worst risk of hypoglycemia? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the names of the common Sulfonylureas |
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Definition
Tolbutamide
Tolazamide
Chlorpropamide
Glyburide
Glipizide
Glimepiride |
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Term
What is the mechanism of Sulfonylureas?
What is the adverse effect? |
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Definition
Reduce K channel conductance-> insulin release
Adverse: Hypoglycemia |
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Term
What is the mechanism of action of Metformin
What is the adverse effect? |
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Definition
Decreases Liver gluconeogenesis
Increases glucose uptake in the periphery
Requires insulin
Adverse
Anorexia
Metallic Taste |
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Term
What is the Mechanism of Action of Acarbose
What is the major adverse effect? |
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Definition
Blocks Alpha-Glucosidase slowing Glucose absorption in the GI
Adverse: Fe Malabsorption |
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Term
Pioglitazone/ Rosiglitazone mechanism of action
What are the adverse effects? |
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Definition
Bind PPAR-Gamma receptor to increase the expression of insulin responsive genes
Adverse
Heart failure
Bone Fracture |
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Term
| What is the mechanism of Repaglinide, Natetaglinide |
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Definition
Closes potassium channels like Sulfonylureas
Shorter acting than Sulfonylureas-> less hypoglycemia |
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Term
| What is the mechanism of action of Exenatide |
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Definition
Stimulates insulin secretion when blood sugar is high
Blocks glucagon release
Delays gastric emptying |
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Term
| What is the mechanism of action of Pramlintide |
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Definition
Amylin homolog-> decreased Glucagon
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Term
| What is the mechanism of action of Sitagliptan and what are the side effects |
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Definition
Inhibit Dipeptidyl-peptidase 4->
Decreases incretin breakdown(GLP)->
more insulin, less glucagon |
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