Term
| Rapid-Acting Insulin Drugs |
|
Definition
Taken in morning or before eating.
Can start working to lower blood glucose in 15 minutes.
Therapeutic effects last 2-12 hrs. |
|
|
Term
| Examples of Rapid-Acting Insulin Drugs |
|
Definition
Humulin R: Recombinant DNA
Novolin R: Recombinant DNA
Insulin Lispro(Humalog): Insulin Analog Drug
|
|
|
Term
| Intermediate-Acting Insulin Drug |
|
Definition
Onset within 1-2 hours.
Theraputic Effects last for 24 hours.
Two types: NPH Insulin Drugs
Lente Insulin Drugs |
|
|
Term
Intermediate-Acting Insulin Drug
NPH Insulin Drugs |
|
Definition
Insulin Drug with Protamine and Zinc.
Humulin N
Novolin N |
|
|
Term
Intermediate-Acting Insulin Drugs
Lente Insulin Drug |
|
Definition
Lente Iletin II:
slows down the onset action of insulin |
|
|
Term
Rapid-Acting Insulin Drugs
Derived from pig pancreas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Rapid-Acting Insulin Drug
Insulin Analog Drug |
|
Definition
Lente Insulin Drugs
Different size insulin crystals
Insulin Aspart(Novolin R)
Insulin Glulisine(Apidra)
Insulin Lispro(Humalog) |
|
|
Term
Long-Acting Insulin Drugs
(Ultralente Insulin) |
|
Definition
Large insulin crystals containing added zinc.
Theraputic effects do not take effect for an hour.
Therapeutic effects lasts a full 24 hours with one dose. |
|
|
Term
Long-Acting Insulin Drug
Insulin Analog Drugs
|
|
Definition
Insulin Detemir(Levemir)
Insulin Glargine(Lantus) |
|
|
Term
Combination Insulin Drugs
|
|
Definition
Mixture of Intermediate-Acting Drugs
(NPH Insulin Drug or Insulin Analog Drug)
And
(Rapid-Acting Insulin Drug) |
|
|
Term
| Combination Insulin Drugs |
|
Definition
Humalog Mix 75/25
Humulin 50/50
Humulin 70/30
Novolin 70/30
NovoLog mix 70/30
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Stimulates the beta cells of the pancreas to produce more insulin
Increases the number of insulin receptors making cells non-resistant to the effects of insulin |
|
|
Term
Sulfonylurea Oral Antidiabetic Drug
|
|
Definition
Stimulates the beta cells of the pancreas to produce more insulin
1st generation: 1950's
generic name suffix: amide
2nd generation: 1970's
Generic name suffix: ide |
|
|
Term
| Thiazolidinedione Oral Antidiabetic Drug |
|
Definition
Maintains normal levels of blood glucose without increasing insulin production.
pioglitazone(Actos)
rosiglitazone (Avandia) |
|
|
Term
| Sulfonylurea oral Antidiabetic Drug |
|
Definition
Chlorpropamide(Diabinese)
Glimepiride(Amaryl)
Glipizide(Glucotrol, Glucotrol XL)
Glyburide(DiaBeta, Micronase)
Tolazamide
Tolbutamide(Orinase) |
|
|
Term
| Meglitinide Oral Antidiabetic Drugs |
|
Definition
Stimulates the beta cells of the pancreas to produce more insulin.
Naeglinide(Starlix)
Repaglinide(Prandin)
|
|
|
Term
| Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor Oral Antidiabetic Drugs |
|
Definition
Inhibits certain enzymes that digest carbohydrates
Less glucose enters the blood keeping blood glucose levels low.
Acarbose(Precose)
Miglitol(Glyset)
|
|
|
Term
| Biguanide Oral Antidiabetic Drugs |
|
Definition
Decreases absorption of glucose from Intestines
Suppresses stored glucose from liver
Improves ability of cells to use pancreas produced insulin
No risk of developing Hypoglycemia |
|
|
Term
| Biguanide Oral Antidiabetic Drugs |
|
Definition
Metformin
(Glucophage, Glucophage XR) |
|
|
Term
| DPP-4 Inhibitor Oral Antidiabetic Drugs |
|
Definition
Prolongs action of hormones that normally stimulates the beta cells to produce more insulin.
Sitagliptin (Januvia) |
|
|
Term
| Combination oral Antidiabetic Drug |
|
Definition
| Avandamet (Metformin, Rodiglitazone) |
|
|
Term
| Incretin mimetic Antidiabetic Drug |
|
Definition
Stimulates beta cells of pancreas to produce insulin when blood glucose levels are high.
Given by Subcutaneous injection.
Derived from Gila Monster Saliva.
Exenatide (Byetta) |
|
|
Term
| Amylin Analog Antidiabetic Drug |
|
Definition
Slows the rate of food leaving stomach
Suppresses the release of stored glucose from liver
Decreases appetite
Treats Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Pramlintide (Symlin) |
|
|
Term
| Bile Acid Sequestrant Antidiabetic Drug |
|
Definition
Improves Blood Glucose control in Type 2
Treats elevated levels of cholestrol
Colesevelam (WelChol) |
|
|
Term
| Drugs for Hyperthyroidism |
|
Definition
Inhibits production of T3 and T4 in Thyroid gland.
Distroys benign & Cancerous Tyroid tissue.
Iodine (ThyroShield)
Methimazole (Tapazole)
Propylthiouracil
Sodium Iodide 131 (Iodotope)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Decrease levels of T3 and T4 Hormones
Supplements existing hormones snythetically
T3 only: Liothyronine (Cytomel, Triostat)
T4 only: Levothyroxine (Levothroid, Synthroid)
Both T3 and T4: Desiccated Thyroid
Liotrix (Thyrolar) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Decreases amount of Growth hormone.
Antibodies against Growth hormone.
Decreases amount of insulin.
Mecasermin(Increlex, Iplex)
Sermorelin (Geref)
Somatropin (Humatrope, Nutropin)
Somatrem (protropin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Decreases the production of growth hormone in anterior pituitary gland.
Bromocriptine (Parlodel)
Lanreotide (Somatuline Depot)
Octreotide (Sandostatin)
Pegvisomant (Somavert) |
|
|
Term
| Drugs for Diabetes Insipidus |
|
Definition
Replaces levels of ADH.
Desmonpressin (DDAVP)
Vasopressin (Pitressin) |
|
|
Term
| Drugs for Cushing's Syndrome |
|
Definition
Inhibits Pregnenolone.
Aminoglutethimide (Cytadren) |
|
|
Term
Corticosteroid Drug
Glucocorticoids |
|
Definition
Replaces Cortisol.
Treats Addison's Disease, MS, Lupus and RA.
Cortisone
Fludrocortisone (Florinef)
hydrocortisone (Cortef)
Decadron, Solu-Medrol
Deltasone
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Changes the balance between Anabolism and Catabolism in the body.
Counteracts loss of muscle mass in Aids patients.
Treats bone pain in Osteoporosis.
Treats lack of growth in Turner Syndrome.
Schedule III Drug
Oxandrolone (Oxandrin)
Oxymetholone (Anadrol-50) |
|
|
