Term
| Hypothalamic Pituitary-Adrenal Feedback System |
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Definition
1. Stress excites Hypothalamus
2. Causing CRH to be released to Pituitary
3. Pituitary releases ACTH to bloodstream
4. which circulates to Adrenal Cortex & releases Cortisol
5. Cortisol stimulates glucose breakdown by liver & Mobilizes fatty acids to convert to lipid pathways |
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Term
| Actions of Cortisol - Glucose Metabolism |
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Definition
Stimulates Gluconeogenesis
(glucose production)
Decreases glucose use by tissues |
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Term
| Actions of Cortisol - Protein Metabolism |
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Definition
^ Breakdown of Proteins
^ Plasma Protein Levels |
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Term
| Actions of Cortisol - Fat Metabolism |
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Definition
^ Mobilization of Fatty Acids
^ Use of Fatty Acids |
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Term
| Actions of Cortisol - Anti-Inflammatory Action |
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Definition
| Stabilizes Lysosomal membranes, structural integrity of the cell & Prevents the release of Inflammatory Mediators |
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Term
| Actions of Cortisol - Psychic Effect |
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Definition
| May contribute to emotional instability |
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Term
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Definition
Hyperpigmentation ACTH elevation triggers (cardinal sign)
^ urinary loss of NA, Chl& H2O
Decreased secretion of K
Orthostatic Hypotension
Inadequate Cortisol Synthesis w/ ^ ACTH
2nd to Autoimmune Destruction of Adrenal Gland
Anorexia, nausea, vomiting
Assoc. w/ DIC |
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Term
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Definition
Hypercortisol State
Pituitary tumor is primary cause of excess ACTH
Iatrogenic is most common w/ long-term steroid therapy |
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Term
| Cushing Syndrome Clinical Manifestations |
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Definition
Moon-Face
Buffalo Hump
Muscle Weakness
Parchment Skin
Osteoporosis
Hyperglycemia
Hirsutism |
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Term
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Definition
| Shift metabolism from proteins to glucose |
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Term
Classes of Hormones
Amines & Amino Acids |
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Definition
Dopamine
Epinephrine
Norepinephrine
Thyroid Hormone |
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Term
Classes of Hormones
Peptides, Polypeptides & Proteins |
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Definition
CRH
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone (CRH)
Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
Glucagon
Parathyroid Hormone |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Insulin most important known anabolic hormone mostly acts in... |
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Definition
| striated muscle cells and myocardial cells |
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Term
| Catecholamines maintain .. |
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Definition
| blood glucose during stress—inhibit insulin release and promote glycogenolysis (break down glycogen) |
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Term
| Growth hormone increases.. |
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Definition
| protein synthesis, mobilizes fatty acids, and antagonizes effects of insulin thereby increasing blood glucose levels |
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Term
| Glucocorticoids stimulate.. |
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Definition
| gluconeogenesis by liver –prolonged use of exogenous steroids can cause hyperglycemia and DM |
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