Term
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Definition
Example: Euthyroid:
A state in which the thyroid gland functions normally, producing the right levels of thyroid hormones necessary for metabolism and growth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example: Hyperthyroidism: A condition in which the thyroid gland produces excessive thyroid hormones, leading to symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, weight loss, and nervousness |
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Term
| hypo-: Below, under, deficient |
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Definition
| Example: Hypoglycemia: A condition characterized by abnormally low blood sugar levels, often causing symptoms such as dizziness, shakiness, and confusion. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example: Oxytocin: A hormone released by the pituitary gland that stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth and the release of milk during breastfeeding. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example: Panhypopituitarism: A condition in which the pituitary gland fails to produce or secretes all of its hormones, leading to a wide range of endocrine dysfunctions. |
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Term
| para-: Around, beside, beyond, abnormal |
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Definition
| Example: Parathyroid: Small glands located beside the thyroid gland, responsible for regulating calcium levels in the blood and bone metabolism. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example: Polyuria: Excessive urination, a common symptom of diabetes mellitus due to high blood sugar levels affecting kidney function. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example: Synergistic hormones: Hormones that work together to amplify their effects, such as insulin and growth hormone in promoting cell growth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example: Tetralogy of Fallot: A condition involving four congenital heart defects that may indirectly affect endocrine function due to oxygenation issues. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example: Triiodothyronine (T3): A thyroid hormone that contains three iodine atoms and plays a critical role in regulating metabolism and energy levels. |
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Term
(REPRODUCTIVE)
a-: Absence of, without |
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Definition
| Example Azoospermia: The absence of sperm in semen, which can cause male infertility and may result from blockages or testicular failure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example Anovulation: The absence of ovulation, often leading to infertility and irregular menstrual cycles, commonly caused by hormonal imbalances or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). |
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Term
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Definition
| Example Dysmenorrhea – Painful menstrual cramps, often caused by uterine contractions or underlying conditions like endometriosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example Endometritis: Inflammation of the inner lining of the uterus (endometrium), often caused by infection or retained tissue after childbirth or miscarriage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example Epidural: Pertaining to the area upon or above the dura mater of the spinal cord, commonly referring to a type of anesthesia used during childbirth to provide pain relief while allowing the patient to remain awake and alert. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example Hypergonadism: A condition characterized by excessive activity of the gonads (testes in males and ovaries in females), leading to overproduction of sex hormones, which can result in early puberty, menstrual irregularities, or fertility issues. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example Hypogonadism: Reduced function of the gonads (testes or ovaries), leading to decreased hormone production and issues like infertility or delayed puberty. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example Oligospermia: A condition characterized by a low sperm count in semen, often contributing to male infertility. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example Parovarian cyst: A fluid-filled cyst near the ovary, usually arising from the remnants of embryonic structures. |
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Term
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Definition
| Example: Perimetrium: The outermost layer of the uterus, surrounding the uterine wall and providing structural support. |
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Term
| trans-: Through, across, beyond |
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Definition
| Example Transvaginal ultrasound: An imaging procedure where a probe is inserted through the vaginal canal to obtain detailed images of reproductive organs like the uterus and ovaries. |
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