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Endocrine 6
Endocrine First Aid 2012
20
Medical
Professional
06/10/2013

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the most common adrenal medulla tumor in children?
Definition
Neuroblastoma
Term
Where do neuroblastomas occur?
Definition
Anywhere along the sympathetic chain (including adrenal medulla) in children
Term
What gene is associated with rapid progression of neuroblastomas?
Definition
Overexpression of N-myc oncogene
Term
What's found in the urine in neuroblastomas?
Definition
HVA (breakdown product of dopamine)
Term
What's the difference between myxedema in hypothyroid vs hyperthyroid disease?
Definition

Hypothyroid= facial/periorbital myxedema

Hyperthyroid (Grave's Disease only)= pretibial myxedema

Term
What is the cause of Hashimoto's thyroiditis and what HLA is it associated with?
Definition

Anitmicrosomal, antithyroid antibodies

assoc. with HLA-DR5

Term
Give 2 histo findings in Hashimoto's thyroiditis
Definition

Hürthle cells and lymphocytic infiltrate with germinal centers

[image]

Term
What is cretinism and what are 5 physical findings?
Definition

Severe fetal hypothyroidism;

pot-bellied

pale

puffy face

protruding umbilicus

protuberant tongue

[image]

Term

What is subacute thyroiditis?

- when do you get it

- what are 2 symptoms

Definition

Self-limited hypothyroidism following a flu-like illness (can start as HYPERthyroid)

Get granulomatous inflammation and very tender thyroid

Term
What is a toxic multinodular goiter?
Definition

Focal patches of hyperfunctioning follicular cells independent of TSH due to mutation in TSH receptor

 

rarely malignant

Term
What kind of thyroid nodules are more likely to be malignant?
Definition
cold nodules
Term
What is Jod-Basedow phenomenon?
Definition
If you give iodine to a patient with an iodine deficiency goiter, they can get thyrotoxicosis
Term
What is the most common type of thyroid cancer?
Definition
Papillary carcinoma (excellent prognosis)
Term
What's seen on histo in thyroid papillary carcinoma? (3)
Definition

Ground-glass nuclei (ophan annie), psammoma bodies, nuclear grooves

[image]

Term
What increases the risk of thyroid papillary carcinoma?
Definition
childhood irradiation
Term
What is a histo feature of thyroid follicular carcinoma?
Definition
uniform follicles
Term

What do thyroid medullary carcinomas arise from?

What are features of these tumors? (2)

Definition

from parafollicular C cells

produce calcitonin

sheets of cells in amyloid stroma (congo red stain)

Term
What are thyroid medullary carcinomas associated with? (2)
Definition
MEN 2A and MEN 2B
Term
What cancer is associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis?
Definition
lymphoma
Term
What causes Grave's disease?
Definition
thyroid-stimulating/TSH receptor antibodies
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