Term
| How long does it take for Thiazide to start working? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
DCT: decreases NaCl reabsorption
mild vasodilation
^ excretion: Na, Cl, K, H20, Mg
t1/2= 16 hours
Tx: chronic HT, nephorgenic diabetes insipidus, edema, pregnancy |
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Term
| What are the adverse effects of thiazides? |
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Definition
| hypokalemia (^ Na flow to CD, ^ Na/K exchange): arrythmias, muscle weakness, hyperuricemia, hyperglycemia (blocks insulin), hypercalcemia, hyponatremia/chloremia,magnesia, pancreatitis, high doses: ^ ldl, lower HDL |
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Term
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Definition
chlorothiazide: t1/2= 12 hours
*hydrocholorthiazide: t1/2=16
chlorothalidone (not chem a thiazide): t1/2 > 24 hrs, less potent |
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Term
| Which diuretics are sulfonamide derivatives? |
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Definition
| thiaides and loop diuretics |
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Term
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Definition
decrease Na/k/2Cl co-absorption in asc LOH, decrease urine excretion of uric acid
Used for hypertensive emergency, acute hypercalcemia, heart failure |
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Term
| Which diuretics do you use to treat heart failure? |
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Definition
| loop diuretics & K-sparing |
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Term
| Which diuretic causes hypercalcemia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which diuretic is used to treat acute hypercalcemia? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which drug causes ototoxicity? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the loop diuretics? |
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Definition
furosemide
bemetanide
ethacrynic acid |
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Term
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Definition
spironolactone, canrenone, triamterene, amiloride
competitive inhibitors of aldosterone (decrease Na/K+ exchange)
Used to prevent hypokalemia and heart failure
AE: spirono- gynecomastia, alopecia, peptic ulcer, triamterene- leg cramps
hyperkalemia->MI (do not give w/ACEi's) |
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Term
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Definition
hypertonic solution used to draw fluids out of cells
used for CNS trauma and intraocular pressure
C/I: CHF (can increase edema) |
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Term
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Definition
PO/IV: weak diuretic
carbonic anhydrase inhibitor (increases bicarb excretion)
used for glaucoma
AE: metabolic acidosis, renal stones, hypokalemia |
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Term
| What drug is used for glaucoma? |
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Definition
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Term
| What drug is used for CNS trauma or ^ intraocular pressure? |
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Definition
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