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-chest pain often due to Ischemia of the heart
Sx. Chest discomfort, pressure, heaviness.
Referred pain: back, neck, jaw. |
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| Aura, ictus, postictal-state |
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Partial:simple and complex
Generalized: Petite and grand mal |
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| (SE) common, life threatening, Acute prolonged epileptic crisis. |
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Increased height = Increased energy
Significant => 15 feet or 3x Pt. height |
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| An embolus is anything that travels through the blood vessels until it reaches a vessel that is too small to let it pass. When this happens, the blood flow is stopped by the embolus. An embolus is often a small piece of a blood clot that breaks off (thromboembolus). It may also be fat, air, amniotic fluid, a tumor, or a foreign substance such as talc, iodine, cotton, or a tiny piece of catheter tube. |
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| A thrombus is a blood clot that forms in a vein |
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| a blockage of a blood vessel, usually with a clot. It differs from thrombosis in that it can be used to describe any form of blockage, not just one formed by a clot. |
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| Transient Ischemic Attack. TIA is caused by a clot; the only difference between a stroke and TIA is that with TIA the blockage is transient (temporary). TIA symptoms occur rapidly and last a relatively short time. |
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| What Is the Difference Between Hyperglycemia and Hypoglycemia? |
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Hyperglycemia refers to chronically high blood glucose levels.
Hypoglycemia refers to dangerously low blood glucose levels that drop below 70 mg/dL. |
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| DKA Diabetic Ketoacidosis |
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Definition
| Diabetic ketoacidosis is a life-threatening problem that affects people with diabetes. It occurs when the body cannot use sugar (glucose) as a fuel source because there is no insulin or not enough insulin. Fat is used for fuel instead. |
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| Arteriosclerosis occurs when the blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients from your heart to the rest of your body (arteries) become thick and stiff — sometimes restricting blood flow to your organs and tissues. |
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| Atherosclerosis is a specific type of arteriosclerosis, but the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. Atherosclerosis refers to the buildup of fats, cholesterol and other substances in and on your artery walls (plaques), which can restrict blood flow. |
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| the right patient, the right drug, the right dose, the right route, and the right time. |
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| Signs and symptoms of a Myocardial Infarction |
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Definition
Chest pain or pressure, tightness, squeezing, burning, aching, or heaviness in the chest lasting longer than 10 minutes.
SOB
Profuse sweating
Dizziness |
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Definition
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) refers to a group of lung diseases that block airflow and make breathing difficult. Emphysema and chronic bronchitis are the two most common conditions that make up COPD. |
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| gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid. drug |
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| Anemia is a condition that develops when your blood lacks enough healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin. Hemoglobin is a main part of red blood cells and binds oxygen. If you have too few or abnormal red blood cells, or your hemoglobin is abnormal or low, the cells in your body will not get enough oxygen. |
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| Kidneys are the organs that help filter waste products from the blood. They are also involved in regulating blood pressure, electrolyte balance, and red blood cell production in the body. |
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| Symptoms of kidney failure are due to the build-up of waste products in the body that may cause weakness, shortness of breath, lethargy, Jaundice, and confusion. Inability to remove potassium from the bloodstream may lead to abnormal heart rhythms and sudden death. Initially, there may be no symptoms of kidney failure. |
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Pneumonia is inflammation of the airspaces in the lungs, most commonly due to an infection.
Pneumonia may be caused by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. |
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Airway, Airway, Airway
Breathing
Circulation. |
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| we can give Oral glucose, Oxygen, Aspirin. we can assist with Bronchodilators, Nitro, Epi-pens |
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Treats or prevents angina (chest pain). This medicine is a nitrate.
Brand names: Nitrostat, Nitrolingual, Nitro-dur, Nitro-bid, Rectiv, Minitran, NitroMist, Nitro-Time
Possible side effects: Headache, Lightheadedness
May treat: Angina, Heart attack, Heart failure, More
Drug class: Nitrate Vasodilator |
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| Pulmonary embolism is when one or more pulmonary arteries in your lungs become blocked. In most cases, pulmonary embolism is caused by blood clots that travel to the lungs from the legs or rarely other parts of the body (deep vein thrombosis, or DVT). |
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An opiate is a narcotic analgesic that directly depresses the central nervous system. Natural opiates are derived from the dried "milk" of the opium poppy, while synthetic opiates are manufactured in chemical laboratories with a similar chemical structure. Natural and synthetic opiates are collectively known as opioids.
Ex. opium, codeine, morphine, fentanyl, OxyContin, and heroin. |
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| Heart failure does not mean the heart has stopped working. Rather, it means that the heart's pumping power is weaker than normal. With heart failure, blood moves through the heart and body at a slower rate, and pressure in the heart increases. As a result, the heart cannot pump enough oxygen and nutrients to meet the body's needs. The chambers of the heart may respond by stretching to hold more blood to pump through the body or by becoming stiff and thickened. This helps to keep the blood moving, but the heart muscle walls may eventually weaken and become unable to pump as efficiently. As a result, the kidneys may respond by causing the body to retain fluid (water) and salt. If fluid builds up in the arms, legs, ankles, feet, lungs, or other organs, the body becomes congested. |
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a life-threatening, hypersensitivity reaction of the immune system.
Sudden, severe allergic reaction involving the whole body (more than a local reaction)
Most common allergens= insect stings, food, medication, latex
Widespread immune system responses cause itching, hives & swelling
May also cause tachycardia, hypotension, and hypoperfusion
Tracheal and bronchial swelling may result in asphyxia |
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Definition
| suffocation as a result of blockage of the airway |
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| labored or difficult breathing |
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| one of several chemical messages released from immune cells that promote inflammation as a defense mechanism |
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A synthetic form of the naturally occurring hormone Epinephrine. Given in response to Anaphylaxis
Dosage: Adults (0.30mg) Children (0.15mg) |
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| What does epinephrine do? |
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Definition
Relaxes smooth muscle in the airways.
Counteracts histamine and other cytokines.
Raises blood sugar level.
Raises heart rate, blood pressure, and myocardial oxygen demand. |
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| liver, gallbladder, transverse and ascending colon, small intestine, kidney, duodenum, Head of Pancreas, Right adrenal gland. |
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| stomach, spleen, transverse and descending colon, small intestine, kidney, pancreas, Left adrenal gland, left lobe of liver |
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| appendix, ascending colon, small intestine, Right ureter, cecum, Right ovary, part of uterus. |
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| descending colon, small intestine, Left ovary, Left ureter, part of uterus. |
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| It results from a weakened vessel that ruptures and bleeds into the surrounding brain. The blood accumulates and compresses the surrounding brain tissue. The two types of hemorrhagic strokes are intracerebral (within the brain) hemorrhage or subarachnoid hemorrhage |
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| Acute Maycardial Infarction |
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