Shared Flashcard Set

Details

EMT
Emergency medical technician
238
Medical
Not Applicable
09/23/2015

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
AVPU
Definition
A memory aid for classifying a patient's level of responsiveness, or mental status. The letters stand for alert, verbal response, painful response, unresponsive.
Term
Abruptio placentae
Definition
A condition in which the placenta seperates from the uterine wall: a cause of prebirth bleeding
Term
Acute myocardial infarction (AMI)
Definition
The condition in which a portion of the myocardium dies as a result of oxygen starvation; often called a heart attack by laypersons.
Term
Anaphylaxis
Definition
A severe or life-threatening allergic reaction in which the blood vessels dilate, causing a drop in blood pressure, and the tissues lining the respiratory system swell, interfering with airway. Also called anaphylactic shock.
Term
Aneurysm
Definition
The dilation, or ballooning, of a weakened section of the wall of an artey.
Term
Asthma
Definition
acute spasm of the smaller air passages
Term
Asystole
Definition
A condition in which the heart has ceased generating electrical impulses.
Term
Bag-valve mask (BVM)
Definition
A handheld device with a face mask and self-refilling bag that can be squeezed to provide artificial ventilations to a patient. It can deliver air from the atmosphere or oxygen from a supplemental oxygen supply system.
Term
Buldging Fontanelles in infants can indicate what?
Definition
increased pressure inside the skull
Term
CISM
Definition
critical incident stress managment
Term
Cardiogenic shockShock
Definition
or lack of perfusion, brought on not by blood loss, but by inadequate pumping action of the heart. It is often the result of a heart attack or congestive heart failure.
Term
Communicable
Definition
Classification of disease in which the causative agent may pass or be carried from one person to another
Term
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
Definition
The failure of the heart to pump efficiently, leading to excessive blood or fluids in the lungs, the body, or both.
Term
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
Definition
A device that exerts constant pressure through a tube and mask worn by a patient to keep airway passages from collapsing at the end of a breath.
Term
DCAP-BTLS
Definition
A memory aid to remember deformities, contusions, abrasions, puncture/penetrations, burns, tenderness, lacerations, and swelling-symptoms of injury found by inspection or palpation during patient assessment.
Term
Delirium tremens (DTs)
Definition
A severe reaction that can be part of alcohol withdrawal, characterized by sweating, trembling, anxiety, and hallucinations. Severe alcohol withdrawal with the DTs can lead to death if untreated.
Term
Eclampsia
Definition
a severe complication of pregnancy that produces seizures and coma.
Term
Ectopic pregnancy
Definition
When implantation of the fertilized egg is not in the body of the uterus, occurring instead in the oviduct (fallopian tube), cervix, or abdominopelvic cavity.
Term
Edema
Definition
Swelling resulting from a buildup of fluid in the tissues
Term
Embolism
Definition
Blockage of a vessel by a clot or foreign material brought to the site by the blood current
Term
HIPAA
Definition
Term
Hypoglycemia
Definition
low blood glucose lvl
Term
JUMP START TRIAGE
Definition
sorting sytem for pediatrics patients younger than 8 or less then 100 lb
Term
Jugular vein distention (JVD)
Definition
Bulging of the neck veins.
Term
NIMS
Definition
Term
Sunken Fontanelles in infants can indicate what?
Definition
dehydration
Term
What are the contraindications for CPAP
Definition
PT who...is in respiratory distress, signs and symptoms of a pneumothorax or a tension or chest trauma, tracheostomy, active GI bleed or vomiting, unable to follow commands..
Term
What are the signs and symptoms of a tension pneumothorax?
Definition
PT is anxious, short of breath, Pulse increases, BP decreases(because of the pressure on the heart), respirations increase, PT becomes cyanotic, the affected side has decreases/ absent lung sounds and a late sign is tracheal deviation.
Term
What are the three stages of shock?
Definition
Compensated, uncompensated, irreversible
Term
What are the two adaptations the heart will attempt to do to make up for CHF
Definition
The left ventricle will enlarge to increase the amount of blood pumped and the heart rate will increase.
Term
What are two reasons cardiogenic shock will occur?
Definition
Cardiac/pericardial tamponade and tension pneumothorax
Term
What does CPAP do for the PT?
Definition
Increases pressure in the lungs, opens collapsed alveoli, pushes more oxygen across the alveolar membrane, and forces interstitial fluid back into the pulmonary circulation.
Term
What does Rales sound like?
Definition
Wet breath sounds, crackles. This may indicate cardiac failure
Term
What does Rhonchi sound like?
Definition
low pitched noisy sounds on expiration. This usually comes with a cough which may indicate mucus in the lungs
Term
What does Stridor sound like?
Definition
Brassy crowing on inspiration may indicate upper airway blockage
Term
What is CHF
Definition
Its pretty much ventricle failure. If the right ventricle fails then blood will most likely back up in the system and appear as dependent edema in the legs/feet. Left ventricle failure will result in pulmonary edema in the lungs.
Term
What is Tension pneumothorax and whats different from pneumothroax?
Definition
A pneumothorax is when air escapes from the lungs and accumulates in the pleural space.
A tension pneumothorax is when that air collaspes the lung and causes the movement of organs such as the great vessels and the heart to move to the uninjured side of the chest.
Term
What is beck's triad and what is the only thing it is associated with?
Definition
It is associated with pericardial tamponade, it is the symptoms of jugular vein distention, narrowing BP, and muffled heart sounds.
Term
What is cardiogenic shock
Definition
inadequate function of the heart or pump failure-does not meet the demands of the body.
Term
What is pericadial tamponade?
Definition
It is the collection of fluid between the pericardial sac and myocardium. It compresses the heart and makes it harder to pump.
Term
What organs are in the LLQ
Definition
Large Intestine
Term
What organs are in the LUQ
Definition
Spleen, Stomach
Term
What organs are in the RLQ
Definition
Appendix
Term
What organs are in the RUQ
Definition
Gall bladder, Liver
Term
What's the order of the spinal column?
Definition
Cervical 7
Thoracic 12
Lumbar 5
Sacrum 5
Coccyx 4
Term
Whats the range of oxygen for Nasal Canula
Definition
1-6L/min
Term
Whats the range of oxygen for the bag mask device and why would it be used?
Definition
15L/min with a squeeze of the bag once every five seconds for an adult and three seconds for a child. It is used when a patient is not ventilating adequately. Also used for respiratory arrest, respiratory failure and cardiopulmonary arrest.
Term
Whats the range of oxygen used for CPAP and who is it used for?
Definition
20-60L/min. It is used when the PT can follow directions, is displaying obvious signs of moderate to severe respiratory distress, is breathing rapidly(x>26resp/min), pulse ox is x<90%
Term
Whats the range of oxygen used for the nonrebreathing mask and who is it used for?
Definition
10-15L/min used for the PT who is suspected of having or showing signs of hypoxia
Term
abrasion
Definition
loss of skin because scrapping across surface
Term
abruptio placenta
Definition
a premature seperation of the placenta from the wall of the uterus
Term
absorption
Definition
the process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream
Term
acidosis
Definition
a pathological condition that results from build up of acids in body
Term
action
Definition
the therapeutic effect of a medication on the body
Term
activated charcoal
Definition
oral med that binds to poisons
Term
acute myocardial infraction
Definition
heart attack, death of heart muscle
Term
adsorption
Definition
the processs of sticking to a surface
Term
agonal respirations
Definition
slow, shallow, irregualr breaths or occasional gasping breaths
Term
air embloism
Definition
presence of air in the veins- can lead to cardiac arrest if in heart
Term
air embolsim
Definition
presence of air in the veins
Term
alkalosis
Definition
buildup of excess base in the body fluids
Term
allergic reaction
Definition
bodys exaggerated immune response to an internal or external agent
Term
alpha particles
Definition
Term
alveoli
Definition
air sacs of the lungs in which the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide take place
Term
ambulance
Definition
specialized vehicle for training and transporting sick and injured patients
Term
amputation
Definition
body part is completely severeed
Term
angina pectoris
Definition
chest discomfort caused by temp blockage of blood flow to heart muscle
Term
apnea
Definition
absence of spontaneous breathing
Term
arrhythmia
Definition
an irregular or abnormal heart rhythm
Term
arterial bleed
Definition
spurting, bright red
Term
arteriosclerosis
Definition
don't know
Term
artery
Definition
blood vessels 3 layers of tissues and smooth muscles carries blood away from the heart
Term
assault
Definition
threatening someones life
Term
asystole
Definition
complete absence of any electrical cardiac activity
Term
atherosclerosis
Definition
a disorder in which cholesterol and calcium build up inside the walls of the bloode vessels, forming plaque, which eventually leads to prtial or complete blockage of blood flow
Term
auscultate
Definition
to listen to sounds within an organ with a stethoscope
Term
avpu
Definition
lvl of alertness
Term
avulsion
Definition
injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loose or is hanging as a flap
Term
backboard
Definition
provide support to patients as a splint
Term
bandage
Definition
Term
base radio
Definition
hardware containing a xmit rmit that is located in a fixed place
Term
basket stretcher
Definition
rigid stretcher commonly used in technical and water stretcher
Term
battery
Definition
hitting someone
Term
behavioral crisis
Definition
persons's reactions to events interfere with daily living
Term
bilateral
Definition
a body port of condition that appears to be on both sides
Term
blind spots
Definition
areas of the road you can't see
Term
blowout fracture
Definition
a fracture of the orbit or of the bones that support the floor of the orbit
Term
blunt trauma
Definition
impact on body by objects that cause injury without penetration
Term
bradycardia
Definition
slow respiratory rate
Term
bronchi
Definition
Term
carbon monoxide
Definition
odorless highly poisonous gas that results from incomplete oxidation of carbon in combustion
Term
cardiac tamponade
Definition
compression of the heart as the result of build up of blood of fluid in the pericardial sac, leading to decreased cardiac output
Term
chemical
Definition
Term
chief complaint
Definition
the reason the patient called for help
Term
cleaning
Definition
process of removing dirt, blood, dust, etc.
Term
cold zone
Definition
safe area at a haz mat. incident for the agencies involved in the operations.
Term
colostomy
Definition
proceduree to establish an opening between the colon and the surface of the body
Term
combitube
Definition
a multilumen airway device that consists of a single tube with two lumens
Term
compartment syndrome
Definition
swelling that procudes dangerous pressure-may cut off blod flow to imprant ares
Term
compensated shock
Definition
the early stage of shock in which the body can still compensate for blood loss
Term
concussion
Definition
temporary loss of part or all of brain's abilities to function without actual physical damage to the brain
Term
conduction
Definition
loss of heat by direct contact
Term
contraindication
Definition
condtions that make a particular medication of treatment inappropiate
Term
convection
Definition
loss of body heat cause by air movement
Term
core temperature
Definition
emp of the central part of the body
Term
crepitus
Definition
a grinding sensation caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together
Term
crush injury
Definition
and injury that occurs when a great amount of froce is applied to the body
Term
defribillator
Definition
shock a fibrillating heart
Term
dermis
Definition
inner layer of skin containing hair follicles, sweat glands, nerve endings, blood vessels
Term
diaphoresis
Definition
(profuse sweating)
Term
disinfecting
Definition
killing of the pathogenic agents by application of chemcials
Term
dislocation
Definition
disruption of a joint in which ligaments are damaged and the bone ends are completely displaced
Term
diving reflex
Definition
slowing of the heart
Term
diving reflex
Definition
slowing of the heart rate caused by submersion in cold water
Term
documentation
Definition
the written portion of the emt's patient interaction
Term
dose
Definition
the amount of medicine
Term
dressing
Definition
Term
dyspnea
Definition
shortness of breath
Term
early access/early cpr/early defib/ early ALS
Definition
chain of survival
Term
eclampsia
Definition
seizures resulting from seer hypertension in a pregnant women
Term
edema
Definition
the presence of abnormally large amounts of lfuid between cells in boyd tissues casuing swelling of the affected area
Term
emergency move
Definition
a move in which the patient is dragged or pulled from a dangerous scene before assessment and care are preformed.
Term
endotracheal intubeation
Definition
insertion of an endotracheal tube directly through the larynx and the vocal cords and into the trachea to maintain and protect an airway
Term
epidermis
Definition
outer layer of skin, watertight protective covering
Term
eptopic pregnancy
Definition
a pregnancy that develops outside the uterus, typically in a fallopian tube
Term
evaporation
Definition
conversion of water from liquid to a gas
Term
eviceration
Definition
displacement of organs outside the body
Term
flail chest
Definition
2+ ribs broken in two or more places
Term
flexible stretcher
Definition
a stretcher that is a rigid carrying device when secured around a patient
Term
generic name
Definition
nonpropriatry, lower cased
Term
glasgow coma scale
Definition
tool to determine lvl of consciousness
Term
guarding
Definition
involuntary muscle contractions of abdomen wall to try to protect infammed abdomen
Term
hand washing
Definition
best way to eliminate germs
Term
hazardous material
Definition
any substance that is toxic, poisonous, radioactive, flammable or explosive.
Term
head tilt chin lift
Definition
open airway not for trauma patients
Term
heat exhaustion
Definition
heat injury body loses significant amounts of fluid and electrolyes because heavy sweating and heat
Term
heat stroke
Definition
severe hyperthermia cause by exposure to heat
Term
hematemesis
Definition
vomited blood
Term
hives
Definition
Term
hollow organs
Definition
structures through which materials pass stomach small intestines large intestines ureters bladder
Term
hot zone
Definition
immediate area surrounding a haz mat. spill
Term
hydroplaning
Definition
tires lifted up because
Term
hyperglycemia
Definition
high blood glucose lvls
Term
hyperthermia
Definition
core body temp higher than 101
Term
hyperventilation
Definition
rapid breathing that lowers the blood carbon dioxide lvl below normal
Term
hypoglycemia
Definition
low blood glucose lvls
Term
hypothermia
Definition
core body temp lower than 95
Term
incident command system
Definition
a system to manage disasters and mass-casualties
Term
index of suspicion
Definition
underlying damage elsewhere bullshit
Term
index of suspicion
Definition
aweareness that unseen life threatening injuries may exist when determining moi
Term
indication
Definition
the therapeutic uses for a specific medication
Term
infant
Definition
1 month to 1 year
Term
infant
Definition
1month-1year old
Term
inhalation
Definition
the active part of breathing
Term
insulin
Definition
enables glucose into the cell
Term
intraosseous needle
Definition
into the bone IO
Term
irreversible
Definition
undoable "fucked"
Term
jump bag
Definition
portable bag containing items that are used in the initial care of the patient
Term
king LT
Definition
a dispossible supragolottic airway used as an alternative to treacheal of mark ventilation
Term
laceration
Definition
a jagged open wound
Term
libel
Definition
written info that damages a persons reputation
Term
mass casualty
Definition
involves 3 or more people
Term
mechanism of injury
Definition
what caused damage
Term
medical
Definition
Term
medical direction/director
Definition
the physicain who authorizs or delegates the emt the authoirty to provide medical care in the field
Term
meningitiis
Definition
inflammation of the meningeal covering the brain and spinal cord
Term
multisystem trauma
Definition
trauma that affects more than one body system
Term
nature of illness
Definition
medical caused
Term
negligence
Definition
failure to provide same lvl of care that a person with similar training would provide
Term
neonate
Definition
baby less than one month old
Term
nitroglycerin
Definition
relives the squeezing or crushing pain associated with chest pain and shit
Term
normal sinus rhythm
Definition
consistent P waves, 60-100 bpm
Term
occlusive dressing
Definition
a dressing made of vaseline impregnated gauze, aluminum foil, that protects a wound from air or bacteria
Term
off-line
Definition
standing orders
Term
on-line
Definition
orders given over phone/radio
Term
open-ended
Definition
open type of question
Term
opqrst
Definition
six pain questions
Term
osteoporosis
Definition
reduction in the amount of bone mass, making fractures easy
Term
p.c.r.
Definition
patient care report which procides youu with an opportunity to comm. the patient;s story to others who may participate in the paitent's care in the future
Term
parasympathetic nervous system
Definition
feed or breed
Term
parietal pleura
Definition
thin membrane that lines the chest cavity
Term
penetrating trauma
Definition
injury cause by penetration
Term
perfusion
Definition
cells getting adequate amount of oxygen and nutrients
Term
placenta previa
Definition
placenta develops over and covers the cervix
Term
pneumothorax
Definition
air in the pleural space
Term
point tenderness
Definition
tenderness that is sharply localized at the site of the injury
Term
polypharmacy
Definition
use of multiple meds
Term
pulmonary contusion
Definition
injury or brusing of lung tissue that results in hemorrage
Term
pulmonary edema
Definition
build up of fluid in lungs
Term
pulmonary embolism
Definition
air in the lungs
Term
radiation
Definition
transfer of heat to colder objects in the environment by radiant energy
Term
rales
Definition
a crackling rattling breathing sound
Term
rapport
Definition
a trusting relationship between you and your patient
Term
recovery position
Definition
side lying postion used to maintain air way on unconscious person with perfect stuff
Term
red blood cells
Definition
carry oxygen to bodys tissues
Term
referred pain
Definition
pain felt else where
Term
respiration
Definition
process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide
Term
reverse triage
Definition
triage process where focus is on those who are in respiratory with cardiac arrest
Term
rhonchi
Definition
coarse, low pitched sounds heard in patients with chronic mucus in upper airways
Term
rule of nines
Definition
a system of percentages to sections of the body
Term
sample
Definition
signs/symptoms, allergies, medication, past medical history, last oral intake, event
Term
seizure
Definition
unccordinated muscular activity associated with unconsciousness
Term
shaken baby syndrome
Definition
a syndrome seen in abused infants and children. may cause a coma, seizures and increased intracranial pressure due to tearing of the cerebral veins with consequent bleeding into the brain.
Term
shock
Definition
lack of perfussion
Term
shunts
Definition
tube that drains liquid from the brain to another part of the body
Term
slander
Definition
spoken false info that ruins a persons reputation
Term
solid organs
Definition
solid masses of tissue where much of the chem work occurs liver spleen pancreas kidneys
Term
sprain
Definition
a joint injury involving damage to supportive ligaments
Term
standard of care
Definition
written acceptable lvls of care expected bc of training
Term
standard precautions
Definition
things done everytime
Term
strain
Definition
straining or tearing of a muscle
Term
stroke CVA
Definition
interruption of blood flow to the brain that results in the loss of brain function CVA
Term
subcutaneous emphysema
Definition
crackling sensation felt on palpation of the skin caused by presence of air in soft tissues
Term
subdural hematoma
Definition
accumulation of blood beneath the dura matter but outside the brain
Term
sympathetic nervous system
Definition
feed or breed
Term
syncope
Definition
a fainting spell or transient loss of consciousness
Term
systolic BP
Definition
increased pressure in artery with each contraction of the ventricles
Term
tachycardia
Definition
rapid heart rate, 100 bpm+
Term
thermal
Definition
burns caused by heat
Term
time, distance, and shielding
Definition
Term
toddler
Definition
person 1-3 years old
Term
tourniquet
Definition
used if pressure and elevation fail
Term
toxin
Definition
poison or harmful substance produced by bacteria
Term
trauma
Definition
emergencies that are the result of physical forces applied to a patients body
Term
traumatic asphyxia
Definition
pattern of injuries where pressure on chest force blood from great vessels back into the head and neck
Term
triage
Definition
process of sorting patients based on the severity of injury and medical need
Term
tuberculosis
Definition
chronic bacterial disease
Term
turgor
Definition
ability of skin to resist deformation-pinching of the skin on forehead or back of gand
Term
type 1 diabetics
Definition
child age requires insulin
Term
type 2 diabetics
Definition
occurs later in life can be controlled with diet and oral meds
Term
uterus
Definition
muscular organs where the fetus grows
Term
v-fib
Definition
twitching of the ventricles
Term
ventricles
Definition
one or two lower chambers of the heart
Term
vesicants
Definition
blister agents
Term
visceral pleura
Definition
thin membrane that covers the lungs
Term
warm zone
Definition
area located between the hot zone and cold zone at a haz mat incident
Term
weapons of mass destruction
Definition
agents that brings about mass casualties
Term
white blood cells
Definition
fight infections
Supporting users have an ad free experience!