Term
| The 3 parts of the cardiovascular system: |
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Definition
-The pump (heart)
-A container (the blood vessels that reach every cell in the body)
-The fluid (blood and body fluids) |
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Term
| Special features of the heart |
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Definition
-cannot tolerate a disruption of its blood supply for more than a few seconds.
-works as two paired pumps. |
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Term
| The 5 types of blood vessels: |
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Definition
-Arteries
-Arterioles
-Capillaries
-Venules
-Veins |
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Term
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Definition
| The largest artery in the body |
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Term
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Definition
| The smaller vessels that connect arteries and capillaries |
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Term
| Conditions in which muscles dilate and constrict: |
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Definition
-fright, heat, cold, a specific need for oxygen.
-in a healthy individual, all vessels are never fully dilated or fully constricted.
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Term
| the final step in the formation of a blood clot |
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Definition
| fibrinogen reinforces the red blood cells. |
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Term
| During emergencies, this system automatically redirects blood away from other organs to the heart, brain, lungs, and kidneys |
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Definition
| The autonomic nervous system |
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Term
| The cause of hypoperfusion (shock) in a trauma patient |
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Definition
| severe bleeding (internal or external) |
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Term
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Definition
| the circulation of blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells current needs for oxygen, nutrients, and waste removal. |
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Term
| Without perfusion, how long before the brain and spinal cord are injured? |
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Definition
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Term
| With inadequate perfusion, how long before the skeletal muscle system is damaged? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a condition in which low blood volume results in inadequate perfusion and even death. The body simply cannot compensate for rapid blood loss. |
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Term
| Signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock |
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Definition
-Rapid, weak pulse
-low blood pressure (late sign)
-changes in mental status
-cool, clammy skin
-cyanosis (lips, oral membranes, nail beds) |
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Term
| the maximum percentage of blood loss volume that the human body will tolerate |
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Definition
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Term
| How much blood will the average adult lose before significant changes in vital signs begin to occur increasing heart and respiratory rates and decreasing blood pressure)? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the formation of clots to plug openings in injured blood vessels and stop blood flow |
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Term
| What commonly triggers blood clotting? |
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Definition
| Direct contact with body tissues and fluids or the external environment. |
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Term
| medications that interferes with normal clotting? |
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Definition
| Aspirin, coumadin (blood thinner) |
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Term
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Definition
| a congenital condition in which the patient lacks one or more of the bloods normal clotting factors (patients should be transported immediately). |
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Term
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Definition
| a blood vessel, consisting of three layers of tissue and smooth muscle that carries blood away from the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| the small blood vessels that connect arterioles to venules; various substances pass through capillary walls, into and out of the interstitial fluid, and then on to the cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| a mass of blood in the soft tissues beneath the skin. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| pneumatic antishock garment (PASG) |
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Definition
| an inflatable device that covers the legs and abdomen, used to splint lower extremities or pelvis or to control bleeding in the lower extremities, pelvis, or abdominal cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| a point where a blood vessel lies near a bone, useful when direct pressure and elevation do not control bleeding. |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation so that every body part can perform its function; also called hypoperfusion. |
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Term
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Definition
| the bleeding control method of last resort that occludes arterial flow; used only when all other methods have failed and the patients life is in danger. |
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Term
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Definition
| the blood vessels that carry blood from the tissues to the heart. |
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Term
| Do not use a PASG if any of these conditions exist |
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Definition
-pregnancy
-Pulmonary edema
-acute heart failure
-penetrating chest injuries
-groin injuries
-major head injuries
-a transport time of less than 30 minutes |
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Term
| Causes of nontraumatic internal bleeding |
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Definition
-ulcers
-bleeding from the colon
-ruptured ectopic pregnancy, and aneurysms |
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Term
| Signs and Symptoms of Internal Bleeding |
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Definition
-pain (most common)
-swelling in the area of bleeding
-distention (intra-abdominal)
-bleeding from ANY body opening
-hematemesis (blood that is vomited)
-melena (blood black poop)
-hemoptysis (blood that is coughed up)
-broken ribs, bruises or a rigid, distended abdomen. |
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