Term
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Definition
| Above the roof of the mouth or soft pallet |
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Term
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Definition
| Inside the mouth and near uvula |
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Term
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Definition
| Wind Pipe, in front of the esophagus. Lined with rings of cartilage to prevent collapse when air moves into the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| Allows air to pass into the Trachea but prevents food and liquid from entering the airway. Where the upper airway ends. |
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Term
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Definition
| Adams Apple, Anterior part of the Larynx |
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Term
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Definition
| Voice box. Where the lower airway begins |
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Term
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Definition
| Immediately below the Thyroid cartilage. Here is where you would use the Sellick maneuver to help in maintaining a proper airway. |
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Term
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Definition
| Passage way where air inters the nose |
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Term
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Definition
| Opening in the back of the airway behind the nasopharynx and the oropharynx |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Where the trachea splits in the bronchioles |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle that contract to let air into the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| Tiny air sacs in the lungs. Location of gas exchange. |
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Term
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Definition
| are the two tubes that separate from the trachea at the carina |
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Term
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Definition
| Final division of the bronchi |
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Term
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Definition
| Between the Thyroid and the cricoid cartilage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Supplies air to a lobe of the lung. |
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Term
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Definition
| There are 5 in the lungs. 3 on the right and two on the left |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the membrane that covers the lung and chest cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| Lines the inside of the chest cavity |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Signs of breathing problems |
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Definition
| increased respiration, irregular breathing pattern, unequal breath sounds and unequal chest expansion. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Signs of breathing problems in infants and children |
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Definition
| Muscle retractions, in which the muscles of the chest and neck are working extra hard in breathing, Nasal flaring, in which the nostrils flare out as the child breaths, seesaw respiration's in infants, in which the chest adnominal muscles alternately contract. |
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Term
| Signs of breathing problems |
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Definition
| Muscles retractions above the clavicles, between the ribs and below the rib cage, Pale or cyanotic (blue) skin, Cool, Damp, Clammy Skin. Tripod Position |
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Term
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Definition
| Requires effort and my involve the accessory muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| Bronchi and in the lungs dilate |
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Term
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Definition
| Increase heart rate, Increase force on heart contractions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Blood Vessels Constrict, skin becomes pale cool and clammy |
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Term
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Definition
| Transport 4 oxygen (O2) molecules per cell |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Epinephrine & Norepinephrine |
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Definition
| Stimulate the heart and blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| When the oxygen levels fall this system will stimulate breathing |
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Term
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Definition
| is the simple movement of air between the lungs and the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| is the process of gas exchange |
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Term
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Definition
| is a passive process in which molecules move from areas of higher concentration to lower concentration |
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Term
| Components of Exhaled air |
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Definition
| 79% Nitrogen, 16% Oxygen 3-5% Carbon Dioxide |
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Term
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Definition
| Located in the Medulla, Causes inspiration when stimulated |
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Term
| Ventral Respiratory group |
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Definition
| Located in the Medulla, causes forced expiration or inspiration, (Speech, Emotional, Physical Stress. |
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Term
| Pneumotaxic (pontine) Center |
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Definition
| Located in the Pons, Inhibits the DRG, increases speed and depth of respiration. Emotional or Physical Stress. |
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Term
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Definition
| Located in the Pons, Excites the DRG, Prolongs inspiration, decreases rate, Emotional or Physical Stress. |
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Term
| Hering-breuer inflation reflex (Stretch Reflex) |
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Definition
| Located in the chest, Detects lung expansion to a point and tells the VRG and Pneumotaxic and apneustic centers to stop. |
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Term
| Hering-breuer deflation reflex |
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Definition
| Located in the chest, Detects potential lung collapse and then tells VRG Pneumotaxic and apneustic centers to stop. |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of air that moves into your lungs in a single breath |
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Term
| Inspiratory Reserve Volume |
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Definition
| is the deepest breath you can take after a normal breath. |
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Term
| Expiratory reserve volume |
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Definition
| is the maximum amount of air you can forcibly breathe out after a normal breath. |
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Term
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Definition
| Respirations after the heart has stopped. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cleans, warms and humidifies incoming air. |
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Term
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Definition
| Metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| occasional, gasping breaths that occur after the heart has stopped |
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Term
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Definition
| the upper airway tract or passage above the larynx, which includes the nose, mouth and throat |
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Term
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Definition
| The System of air that reaches the alveoli. It is determined by subtracting the amount of dead space air from the tidal volume |
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Term
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Definition
| a safety system for large oxygen cylinders, designed to prevent the accidental attachment of a regulator to a cylinder contain the wrong type of gas |
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Term
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Definition
| The metabolism that take place in the absence of oxygen, the principle product is lactic acid |
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Term
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Definition
| Absence of spontaneous breathing |
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Term
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Definition
| In the context of airway, the introduction of vomitus or other foreign material into the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| Irregular, ineffective respirations that may or may not have an identifiable pattern |
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Term
| Automatic Transport Ventilator(ATV) |
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Definition
| A ventilation device attached to a control box that allows the variables of ventilation to be set. It frees the EMT to perform other tasks while the patient is being ventilated. |
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Term
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Definition
| A device with a one-way valve and a face mask attached to a ventilation bag; when attached to a reservoir and connected to oxygen, delivers more than 90% supplemental oxygen. |
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Term
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Definition
| A protective item, such as a pocket mask with a valve, that limits exposure to a patient's body fluids |
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Term
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Definition
| A body part condition that appears on both sides of the midline |
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Term
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Definition
| Subdivision of the smaller bronchi in the lungs, made of smooth muscle and dilate or constrict in response to various stimuli. |
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Term
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Definition
| Point at which the trachea bifurcates (divides) into the left and right main stem bronchi |
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Term
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Definition
| Monitor the levels of O2, CO2 and the pH of the cerebrospinal fluid and then provide feedback to the respiratory centers to modify the rate and depth of breathing based on the body's needs at any given time. |
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Term
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Definition
| The ability of the alveoli to expand when air is drawn in during inhalation |
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Term
| Continuous Positive Airway Pressure CPAP |
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Definition
| A Method of ventilation used primarily in the treatment of critically ill patients with respiratory distress; can prevent the need for endotracheal intubation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pressure on the cricoid cartilage applied to occlude the esophagus to inhibit gastric distention and regurgitation of vomitus in the unconscious patient. |
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Term
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Definition
| The portion of the tidal volume that does no reach the alveoli and thus does not participate in gas exchange. |
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Term
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Definition
| A process in which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The passive part of the breathing process in which the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles relax, forcing air out of the lungs |
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Term
| External/Pulmonary Respiration |
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Definition
| The exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood cells in the pulmonary capillaries. |
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Term
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Definition
| A normal reflex mechanism that causes retching; activated by touching the soft palate or the back of the throat. |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which air fills the stomach, often as a result of high volume and pressure during artificial ventilation |
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Term
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Definition
| The space in between the vocal cords that is the narrowest portion of the adults airway. |
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Term
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Definition
| A term used to distinguish the degree of distress in a patient with a mild airway obstruction, A patient is still conscious and able to cough forcefully although wheezing may be heard. |
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Term
| Head tilt-chin lift maneuver |
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Definition
| A combination of two movements to open the airway by tilting the forehead back and lifting the chin; not used for trauma patients. |
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Term
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Definition
| Increased carbon dioxide level in the blood stream. |
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Term
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Definition
| A dangerous condition in which the body tissues and cells do not have enough oxygen. |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which chronically low levels of oxygen in the blood stimulate the respiratory drive; seen in patients with chronic lung disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| The active, muscular part of breathing that draws are into the airway and lungs. |
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Term
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Definition
| The exchange of gases between the blood cells and the tissues. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bypassing of oxygen-poor blood past nonfunctional alveoli to the left side of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| Technique to open the airway by placing the fingers behind the angle of the jaw and bringing the jaw forward; used for patients who may have a cervical spine injury |
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Term
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Definition
| Breathing that requires greater that normal effort; may be slower or faster than normal and usually requires the use of accessory muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
| A complex structure formed by many independent cartilaginous structures that all work together; where the upper airway ends and the lower airway begins; also called the voice box. |
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Term
| Manually Trigger Ventilation Device |
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Definition
| A fixed flow/rate ventilation device that delivers a breath every time its button is pushed; also referred to as a flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device. |
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Term
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Definition
| Space within the chest that contains the heart major blood vessels, vagus nerve, trachea, major bronchi, and esophagus; located between the two lungs. |
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Term
| Metabolism (Cellular Respiration) |
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Definition
| The biochemical processes that result in production of energy from nutrients within the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs when a foreign body partially obstructs the patient's airway. The patient is able to move adequate amounts of air, but also experiences some degree of respiratory distress. |
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Term
| Minute Ventilation/Volume |
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Definition
| The volume of air moves through the lungs in 1 minute minus the dead space; calculated by multiplying tidal volume (minus dead space) and respiratory rate. |
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Term
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Definition
| An oxygen-delivery device in which oxygen flows through two small, tube-like prongs that fit into the patients nostrils; delivers 24% to 44% supplemental oxygen, depending on the flow rate. |
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Term
| Nasopharyngeal (Nasal) airway |
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Definition
| Airway adjunct inserted into the nostril of an unresponsive patient, or a patient with an altered level of consciousness who is unable to maintain airway patency independently. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The nasal cavity; formed by the union of facial bones and protects the respiratory tract from contaminates |
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Term
|
Definition
| A combination mask and reservoir bag system that is the preferred way to give oxygen in the prehospital setting; delivers up to 90% inspired oxygen and prevents inhaling the exhaled gas CO2 |
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Term
| Oropharyngeal (oral) Airway |
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Definition
| Airway adjunct inserted into the mouth of an unresponsive patient to keep the tongue from blocking the upper airway and to facilitate suctioning the airway, if necessary. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Forms the posterior portion of the oral cavity, which is bordered superiorly by the hard and soft palates laterally by the cheeks and inferiorly by the tongue. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of delivering oxygen to the blood by diffusion from the alveoli following inhalation into the lungs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thin membrane that lines the chest cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| The term used to describe the amount of gas in air or dissolved in fluid, such as blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| Open, clear of obstruction |
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Term
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Definition
| Nerve that innervates the diaphragm; necessary for adequate breathing to occur. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A system established for portable cylinders to ensure that a regulator is not connected to a cylinder with the wrong type of gas. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A partial or complete accumulation of air in the pleural space. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A term used to describe the degree of distress in a patient with a mild airway obstruction. With poor air exchange, the patient often has a weak, ineffective cough, increased difficulty breathing, or possible cyanosis and my produce a high-pitched noise during inhalation (stridor) |
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Term
| Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) |
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Definition
| Mechanical maintenance of pressure in the airway at the end of expiration to increase the volume of gas remaining in the lungs. |
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Term
|
Definition
| An assessment tool that measures oxygen saturation of hemoglobin in the capillary beds. |
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Term
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Definition
| A side-lying position used to maintain a clear airway in the unconscious patients without injuries who are breathing adequately. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The air that remains in the lungs after maximal expiration |
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Term
|
Definition
| The process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Movements in which the skin pulls in around the ribs during expiration. |
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Term
| Sellick Maneuver/ Cricoid Pressure |
|
Definition
| A technique that is used to prevent gastric distention in which pressure is applied to the cricoid cartilage; |
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Term
| Severe Airway Obstruction |
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Definition
| Occurs when a foreign body completely obstructs the patients airway. Patient cannot breathe, talk or cough. |
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Term
|
Definition
| An opening through the skin and into an organ or other structure. The opening in the neck connects the trachea directly to the skin |
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Term
|
Definition
| A high-pitched noise heard primarily on inspiration. |
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Term
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Definition
| A hollow, cylindrical device used to remove fluid from the patient's airway. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A liquid protein substance that coats the lungs, decreases alveolar surface tension, and keeps the alveoli expanded; a low level in a premature infant contributes to respiratory distress syndrome. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A life-threatening collection of air within the pleural space; the volume and pressure have both collapsed the involved lung and caused a shift of the mediastinal structures to the opposite side. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The amount of air (in mL) that is moved in or out of the lungs during one breath. |
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Term
| Tonsil Tips or Yankauer Tips |
|
Definition
| Large, semi rigid suction tips recommended for suctioning the pharynx. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical opening into the trachea. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Exchange of air between the lungs and the environment, spontaneously by the patient or with assistance from anther person. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Thin membrane that covers the lungs. |
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Term
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Definition
| The amount of air that can be forcibly expelled from the lungs after breathing in as deeply as possible. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thin white bands of tough muscular tissue that are lateral borders of the glottis and serve as the primary center for speech production. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The production of whistling sounds during expiration such as occurs in asthma and bronchiolitis. |
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