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EMT-B
Miramar College EMT-B Key terms and Definitions
61
Medical
Professional
08/22/2013

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Term
EMS System
Definition
Emergency Medical Services system.
Term
NHTSA
Definition
National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
Term
EMR
(Emergency Medical Responder)
Definition
EMS practitioner likely to e the first person on scene with emergency care training.
Term
EMT
(Emergency Medical Technician)
Definition
EMS practitioner who provides basic emergency medical care.
Term
AEMT or EMT-I
(Advanced Emergency Medical Technician)
Definition
EMT with some additional qualifications for advanced care.
Term
Paramedic
Definition
EMS practitioner who provides the highest level of prehospital care.
Term
Prehospital Care
Definition
Emergency medical treatment given to patients before they are transported to a hospital or other facility.
Term
Trauma Center
Definition
For rapid surgical intervention and specialized treatment of injuries that generally exceeds hospital emergency department capabilities.
Term
Obstetrical Center
Definition
For high-risk pregnancy patients.
Term
ADA
(Americans with Disabilities Act)
Definition
Federal law passed in 1990 that protects individuals with a documented disability for being denied initial or continued employment based on their disability.
Term
Medical Director
Definition
Physician who is legally responsible for the medical oversight of an EMS system.
Term
Medical Direction
Definition
Policies, procedures, and practices available either off-line (as protocols or standing orders) or on-line (by phone or radio).
Term
Quality Improvement (QI)
Definition
System of internal and external reviews and audits of an EMS system to ensure a high quality of care.
Term
Evidence-based Medicine
Definition
Practice based on evidence that procedures, medications, and equipment improve patient outcome.
Term
Elizabeth Kubler-Ross
Definition
Performed a study to determine the five emotional stages of death and dying.
Term
Five Emotional Stages of Death and Dying
Definition
Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, and Acceptance.
Term
Burnout
Definition
Condition resulting from chronic job stress, characterized by a state of irritability and fatigue that can markedly decrease effectiveness.
Term
Critical Incident
Definition
Any situation that causes unusually strong emotions that interfere with the ability to function.
Term
CISD
(Critical Incident Stress Debriefing)
Definition
Session where counselors help emergency personnel process emotions from a critical incident.
Term
Defusing
Definition
An opportunity to vent emotions and get information before the CISD.
Term
Pathogens
Definition
Microorganisms such as bacteria and viruses that cause disease.
Term
Standard Precautions
Definition
A method of preventing infection based on the concept that all blood and body fluids are infectious.
Term
PPE
(Personel Protective Equipment)
Definition
Equipment worn to protect against injury and against spreading infectious disease.
Term
Disinfecting
Definition
Using a disinfectant such as alcohol or bleach to kill microorganisms.
Term
Sterilization
Definition
Subjecting an object to chemical or physical substances (typically, superheated steam in an autoclave) that kill all microorganisms.
Term
Scope of Practice
Definition
Actions and care an EMT is legally allowed to perform.
Term
Standard of Care
Definition
Care expected from any trained EMT under similar circumstances.
Term
Duty to Act
Definition
Obligation to care for a patient.
Term
Good Samaritan Law
Definition
Provides liability immunity for emergency scene acts done in good faith.
Term
Consent
Definition
Permission that must be obtained before care i rendered; types include informed, expressed, implied, minor, and involuntary.
Term
Expressed Consent
Definition
Must be obtained from every conscious, mentally competent adult before treatment is started.
Term
Implied Consent
Definition
AKA Emergency Doctrine. Occurs when you assume that a patient who is unresponsive or who is not competent or who is unable to make a rational decision would consent to emergency care if he could. (disorientation, head injuries)
Term
Consent to treat a minor
Definition
Must be obtained from a parent, legal guardian, or other person who has been granted limited rights of decision making by the parent or guardian.
Term
Involuntary Consent
Definition
Can be applied when you are dealing with mentally incompetent adult or with an individual who is in custody of law enforcement.
Term
Advanced Directive
Definition
Instructions written in advance of care.
Term
DNR
(Do not resuscitate order)
Definition
States which, if any, life-sustaining measures to take when vital functions cease.
Term
Living Will
Definition
Delineates the signer's wishes about health care issues.
Term
Durable Power of Attorney
Definition
Empowers someone to make medical decisions for the signer.
Term
POLST
(Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment)
Definition
Identify desired level of life-sustaining treatment in patients with terminal or life-threatening injuries.
Term
Tort
Definition
Wrongful act, injury, or damage; intentional tort when committed knowingly.
Term
Negligence
Definition
Deviating from an accepted stander of care through carelessness, inattention, disregard, inadvertence, or oversight.
Term
Proximate Cause
Definition
Deviation from an accepted standard of care results in further injury to the patient.
Term
Abandonment
Definition
Discontinuing care without transferring care to a health care professional with equivalent or better training.
Term
Defamation
Definition
False communication that injures another person's reputation.
Term
Slander
Definition
Defaming through spoken statements with malicious intent or reckless disregard.
Term
Libel
Definition
Defaming through writing or mass media with malicious intent or reckless disregard.
Term
HIPPA
(Healthcare Insurance Portability and Accountability Act)
Definition
Protects the privacy of, and gives the patient control over, patient health care information.
Term
COBRA
(Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation act)
EMTALA
(Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act)
Definition
Regulations that ensure public access to emergency health care regardless of ability to pay. Prevents "patient dumping".
Term
Neonate
Definition
A child from birth to 1 month of age.
Term
Infant
Definition
A child from 1 month to 1 year of age.
Term
Toddler
Definition
A child 1 to 3 years of age.
Term
Preschooler
Definition
A child 3 to 6 years of age.
Term
School age
Definition
A child 6 to 12 years of age.
Term
Adolescent
Definition
A child 12 to 18 years of age.
Term
Reflex
Definition
An instantaneous and involuntary movement resulting from a stimulus.
Term
Fontanelles
Definition
Soft spots on a baby's skull that allow the head to pass through the birth canal during delivery and to expand during development.
Term
Nocturnal Enuresis
Definition
Involuntary bed-wetting at night.
Term
Puberty
Definition
The period in which the sexual organs mature during adolescence.
Term
Menopause
Definition
The permanent end of menstruation and fertility, which usually occurs in a women's late 40s and 50s.
Term
Maximum Life Span
Definition
Theoretically the longest period of time for an organism to live.
Term
Life Expectancy
Definition
The average length of years of life remaining based on the year of birth.
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