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EMS Orange Book
Chapter 9 Airway
48
Medical
Undergraduate 1
09/27/2011

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Term
Aerobic metabolism
Definition
metabolism that can proceed only in the presence of oxygen
Term
Agonal respiration
Definition
occasional, gasping breaths that occur after the heart has stopped
Term
Alveolar ventilation
Definition
The volume of air that reaches the alveoli
Term
Anaerobic metabolism
Definition
The metabolism that take place in the absence of oxygen
Term
Ataxic respirations
Definition
irregular, ineffective respirations
Term
Automatic transport ventilator(ATV)
Definition
a ventilation device attached to a control box that allows the variables of ventilation to be set
Term
Bag-mask device
Definition
a device with a one-way valve and a face mask attached to a ventilation bag, delivers more than 90% oxygen
Term
Barrier device
Definition
a protective item that limits exposure to PT's body fluids
Term
Bilateral
Definition
a body part or condition that appears on both sides of the midline
Term
Bronchioles
Definition
made of smooth muscle and dilate or constrict in response to various stimuli
Term
Carina
Definition
point at which the trachea divides into the left and right bronchi
Term
Chemoreceptors
Definition
Monitor levels of 02, CO2, and the pH of the cerebospinal fluid
Term
Compliance
Definition
the ability of the alveoli to expand when air is drawn in during inhalation
Term
Continuous positive airway pressure(CPAP)
Definition
a method of ventilation used primarily in the treatment of critically ill patients with respiratory distress
Term
Dead space
Definition
portion of tidal volume that does not reach the alveoli
Term
Diffusion
Definition
A process in which molecules move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration
Term
Dyspnea
Definition
shortness of breath
Term
External respiration
Definition
The exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood cells in the pulmonary capillaries
Term
Gastric distention
Definition
a condition in which air fills the stomach
Term
Glottis
Definition
the space between the vocal cords that is the narrowest portion of the adult's airway
Term
Hypercarbia
Definition
increased carbon dioxide level in the blood stream
Term
Hypoxia
Definition
A dangerous condition in which the body tissue and cells do not have enough oxygen
Term
Hypoxia
Definition
A dangerous condition in which the body tissue and cells do not have enough oxygen
Term
Hypoxic drive
Definition
a condition in which chronically low levels of oxygen in the blood stimulate the respiratory drive
Term
Internal respiration
Definition
The exchange of gases between the blood cells and tissues
Term
Intrapulmonary shunting
Definition
bypassing of oxygen-poor blood past nonfunctional alveoli to the left side of the heart
Term
Larynx
Definition
where the upper airway ends and the lower airway begins
Term
Manually triggered ventilation device
Definition
A fixed flow/rate ventilation device that delivers a breath every time its button is pushed
Term
Mediastinum
Definition
space within the chest that contains the heart, major blood vessels, vagus nerve, trachea, major bronchi, and esophagus
Term
Metabolism
Definition
the biochemical processes that result in production of energy from nutrients within the cells
Term
Minute ventilation
Definition
volume of air moved through the lungs in 1 minute minus dead space
Term
Nasal cannula
Definition
An oxygen-delivery device in which oxygen flows through two small, tubelike prongs that go into the nostrils. Deliver's 24% to 44% oxygen
Term
Nasopharynx
Definition
the nasal cavity; formed by the union of facial bones and protects the respiratory tract from contaminants
Term
Nonbreathing mask
Definition
A combination mask and reservoir bag system that is preferred way to give oxygen in the prehospital setting. Delivers up to 90% inspired oxygen and prevents inhaling of the exhaled gases
Term
Oropharyngeal Airway
Definition
Airway adjunct inserted into the mouth of an unresponsive patient to keep the tongue from blocking the upper airway and to facilitate suctioning the airway if needed
Term
Oropharynx
Definition
Forms the posterior portion of the oral cavity
Term
Parietal pleura
Definition
Thin membrane that lines the chest cavity
Term
Phrenic nervce
Definition
Nerve that innervates the diaphragam
Term
Pneumothorax
Definition
a partial or complete accumulation of air in the pleural space
Term
Recovery position
Definition
a side-lying position used to maintain a clear airway in unconscious patients without injuries who are breathing adequately
Term
Residual volume
Definition
The air that remains in the lungs after maximal experation
Term
Retractions
Definition
movements that cause the skin to pull in around the ribs
Term
Sellick maneuver
Definition
used to prevent gastric distention in which pressure is applied to the crioid cartilage
Term
Stoma
Definition
an opening through the skin and into an organ or other structure
Term
Surfactant
Definition
a liquid protein substance that coats the alveoli in the lungs
Term
Tidal volume
Definition
the amount of air that is moved in or out of the lungs during one breath
Term
Visceral pleura
Definition
The membrane that covers the lungs
Term
Vital capacity
Definition
Thin white bands of touch muscular tissue that are lateral borders of the glottis and serve as primary center for speech production
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