Aristotle

Locke

Hume

Empirical

(3) Types of Research Models:

Developmental - experimental psychology - people respond mechanically

Epistemological - knowledge origin is from without - common goal - known text (universitas)

Experimental - natural science - true knowledge

Assimilationist

Majority rules

and

absorbs less powerful culture

Behaviorist

All behavior is a response to stimuli and predictable

*Pavlov's Dog

*B.F. Skinner

Objectivism

Complete, systematic

integrated system of thought

Rationalist

Human reason is starting place for construction of knowledge

*Descartes

Empiricist

Knowledge foundation of human experience

Determinist

No random events

Determined by past behaviors and events

Essentialist

Hard work

Mental Discipline

Core of Knowledge

Three R's

Structuralist

Believes there are societal universal structures

Perrennialist

Underlying principles of existence are constant

We can pass on a body of knowledge- *Edelman

Positivist

Logical

Quantitative study of human phenomena- *Comte

Realist

Concepts exist (not just names)

Knowledge & values are independent of human mind- *Aristotle

Methods/Procedures/Techniques

1. Nomothetic (General Laws)-Agree on general truths
2. Survey -Verbal/Written
3. Experiment
4. Randomized Sampling
5. Pre/Post Test (given before and after)
6. Statistical Analysis Correlation
7. Correlational Studies
8. Use of Control Group

William Glassner

Control theory is about fulfilling the needs of the individual

Marian Edelman

Children will model what they see

Erik Erikson

Eight stages of psychosocial development

Freidrich Hegel

Students must conform to institutional order and laws of reason

Believed in self-consciousness

Laid foundation of Social Philosophy

E.D. Hirsch

Core knowledge exists

Thomas Hobbes

Cause & Effect

Geometry & Physics answer questions without human nature

David Hume

All knowledge comes from experience

Ayn Rand

Objectivism is a complete, systematic, integrated system of thought

Bertrand Russell

Reality gounded in mathematics

Principia Mathematical

Lawrence Kohlberg

Theory of Moral Development

(Influenced by Piaget & Dewey)

John Locke

Knowledge is publicly verifiable, measurable

Ivan Pavlov

Conditioning

Jean Piaget

Five Stages of Cognitive Development

B.F. Skinner

Behaviorist

Operant Conditioning

Schedules of Reinforcement

Edward Thorndike

Law of Effect

Law of Readiness

Law of Exercise

Lev Vygotsky

Scaffolding- Private Speech

Edmund Husseri

Principle Founder of Phenomenology