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Emergency Care: Chapter 6
Chapter 6 terms from "Emergency Care: 12th Edition" by Daniel Limmer and Michael F. O'Keefe.
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09/13/2014

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Term
Aerobic metabolism
Definition
The cellular process in which oxygen is used to metabolize glucose. Energy is produced in an efficient manner with minimal waste products.
Term
Anaerobic metabolism
Definition
The cellular process in which glucose is metabolized into energy without oxygen. Energy is produced in an inefficient matter with many waste products.
Term
Cardiac output
Definition
The amount of blood ejected from the heart in 1 minute (heart rate x stroke volume).
Term
Chemoreceptors
Definition
Chemical sensors in the brain and blood vessels that identify changing levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Term
Dead air space
Definition
Air that occupies the space between the mouth and alveoli but that does not actually reach the area of gas exchange.
Term
Dehydration
Definition
An abnormally low amount of water in the body.
Term
Edema
Definition
Swelling associated with the movement of water into the interstital space.
Term
Electrolyte
Definition
A substance that, when dissolved in water, separates into charged particles.
Term
FiO2
Definition
Fraction of inspired oxygen; the concentration of oxygen in the air we breathe.
Term
Hydrostatic pressure
Definition
The pressure within a blood vessel that tends to push water out of the vessel.
Term
Hypersensitivity
Definition
An exaggerated response by the immune system to a particular substance.
Term
Hypoperfusion
Definition
Inability of the body to adequately circulate blood to the body's cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients.
Term
Metabolism
Definition
The cellular function of converting nutrients into energy.
Term
Minute volume
Definition
The amount of air breathed in during each respiration multiplied by the number of breaths per minutes.
Term
Patent
Definition
Open and clear; free from obstruction.
Term
Pathophsiology
Definition
The study of how disease processes affect the function of the body.
Term
Perfusion
Definition
The supply of oxygen to, and removal of wastes from, the cells and tissues of the body, as a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries.
Term
Plasma oncotic pressure
Definition
The pull exerted by large proteins in the plasma portion of blood that tends to pull water from the body into the bloodstream.
Term
Shock
Definition
The inability of the body to adequately circulate blood to the body's cells to supply them with oxygen and nutrients. Also called hypoperfusion. A life threatening condition.
Term
Stretch receptors
Definition
Sensors in the blood vessels that identify internal pressure.
Term
Stroke volume
Definition
The amount of blood ejected from the heard in one contraction.
Term
Systemic vascular resistance (SVR)
Definition
The pressure in the peripheral blood vessels that the hear must overcome in order to pump blood into the system.
Term
Tidal volume
Definition
The volume of air moved in one cycle of breathing.
Term
V/Q match (Ventilation/perfusion match)
Definition
This implies that the alveoli are supplied with enough air and that the air in the alveoli is matched with sufficient blood in the pulmonary capillaries to permit optimum exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
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