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Embryology
Introduction
85
Medical
Graduate
02/03/2014
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Term
produced at zone of polarizing activity
 Definition
sonic hedghog
Term
produced at apical ectodermal ridge
 Definition
Wnt-7 and FGF gene
Term
patterning along anerior-posterior axis
 Definition
sonic hedgehog
Term
dorsal-ventral axis
 Definition
Wnt-7 gene
Term
lengthening of limbs
 Definition
FGF gene
Term
segmental organization in craniocaudal direction
 Definition
HOX genes
Term
hCG secretion week
 Definition
within week 1
Term
bilaminar disk
 Definition
within week 2
Term
trilaminar disk
 Definition
within week 3
Term
gastrulation
 Definition
within week 3
Term
primitive streak, notochord, mesoderm, and neural plate begin to form
 Definition
within week 3
Term
neural tube formed by neuroectoderm and closes
 Definition
week 4
Term
organogenesis
 Definition
weeks 3-8
Term
extremely susceptible to teratogens
 Definition
weeks 3-8
Term
heart beats
 Definition
week 4
Term
limb buds
 Definition
week 4
Term
fetal movement
 Definition
week 8
Term
genitalia
 Definition
week 10
Term
alar plate
 Definition
sensory (dorsal)
Term
basal plate
 Definition
motor (ventral)
Term
neural plate gives rise to ____ and _____
 Definition
neural tube and neural crest cells
Term
notochord becomes
 Definition
nucleus pulposus
Term
rule of 2's for 2nd week
 Definition
2 germ layers
2 cavities: aminotic and yolk
2 components of placenta: syncitio and cytotroph
Term
rule of 3s for 3rd week
 Definition
3 germ layers: ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm
Term
rule of 4's of 4th week
 Definition
4 heart chambers
4 limb buds
Term
adenohypophysis
 Definition
surface ectoderm
Term
lens of eye
 Definition
surface ectoderm
Term
oral cavity
 Definition
surface ectoderm
Term
sensory organs of ear
 Definition
surface ectoderm
Term
olfactory epithelium
 Definition
surface ectoderm
Term
epidermis
 Definition
surface ectoderm
Term
canal below pectinate
 Definition
surface ectoderm
Term
glands (salivary, mammary, sweat)
 Definition
surface ectoderm
Term
brain
 Definition
neuroectoderm
Term
CNS neurons
 Definition
neuroectoderm
Term
oligodendrocytes
 Definition
neuroectoderm
Term
astrocytes
 Definition
neuroectoderm
Term
ependymal cells
 Definition
neuroectoderm
Term
retina
 Definition
neuroectoderm
Term
spinal cord
 Definition
neuroectoderm
Term
ANS
 Definition
neural crest
Term
dorsal root ganglia
 Definition
neural crest
Term
cranial nerves
 Definition
neural crest
Term
celiac ganglion
 Definition
neural crest
Term
melanocytes
 Definition
neural crest
Term
chromaffin cells
 Definition
neural crest
Term
parafollicular cells
 Definition
neural crest
Term
Schwann
 Definition
neural crest
Term
bones of skull
 Definition
neural crest
Term
teeth
 Definition
neural crest
Term
aorticopulmonary septum
 Definition
neural crest
Term
gut tupe epithelium
 Definition
endoderm
Term
lungs
 Definition
endoderm
Term
liver
 Definition
endoderm
Term
pancreas
 Definition
endoderm
Term
thymus
 Definition
endoderm
Term
parathyroid
 Definition
endoderm
Term
thyroid follicular cells
 Definition
endoderm
Term
muscle
 Definition
mesoderm
Term
bone
 Definition
mesoderm
Term
CT
 Definition
mesoderm
Term
serous linings
 Definition
mesoderm
Term
lymphatics
 Definition
mesoderm
Term
bladder/urethra
 Definition
mesoderm
Term
vagina
 Definition
mesoderm
Term
eustachian tube
 Definition
mesoderm
Term
kidneys
 Definition
mesoderm
Term
renal damage
 Definition
ACEI
Term
absence of digits, multiple anomalies
 Definition
alkylating agents
Term
CN VIII toxicity
 Definition
AG
Term
NTD
 Definition
carbamazepine, folate antagonists, valproate, maternal DM
Term
developmental delay, craniofacial defects, fingernail hypoplasia
 Definition
carbamazapine
Term
vaginal clear cells
 Definition
DES
Term
ebtein's anomaly
 Definition
lithium
Term
fetal hydantoin syndrome
 Definition
phenytoin
Term
discolored teeth
 Definition
tetracyclines
Term
limb defects
 Definition
thalidomide
Term
bone deformities, fetal hemorrhage, abortion, ophthalmologic
 Definition
warfarin
Term
leading cause of birth defects and MR
 Definition
alcohol
Term
placental abruption
 Definition
cocaine
Term
preterm labor, placental problems, IUGR, ADHD
 Definition
smoking
Term
goiter, hypothyroidism
 Definition
iodine
Term
cardiac defects
 Definition
maternal DM
Term
spontaneous abortion, interferes with neural crest and HOX gene
 Definition
Vitamin A
Term
microcephaly, holoprosencephaly, facial abnormalities, limb dislocation, heart and lung fistulas
 Definition
fetal alcohol sndrome
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