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Embryology Muscular System
Embryology Muscular System
24
Science
Undergraduate 4
04/10/2009

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Term
Paraxial Mesoderm
Definition
thick plate of mesoderm on each side of the midline. becomes organized into segments known as somitomeres, which form in a craniocaudal sequence.
Term
What does the sclerotome form later?
Definition
Bones
Term
What does the myotome form?
Definition
muscle
Term
Dermatome
Definition
Dermis layer of different area
Term
Head and neck musculature
Definition
mderived from somitomeres 1-7 of head and neck region, which participate in the formation of the phaaryngeal arches.
Term
What do somitomeres 1-7 form in the adult?
Definition
They contribute to the mesoderm of the head and neck region.
Term
What somitomeres produce the Extraocular Muscles?
Definition
Derived from somitomeres 1,2,3, 5. Innervated by CNIII, IV, VI
Term
Trunk Musculature
Definition
derived from myotomes in trucnk region and partition into dorsal epimeres and ventral hyupomeres
Term
What do epimeres develop into?
Definition
They develop into the intrinsic back muscles (erector spinae). and innerevated by dorsal rami of spinal nerves.
Term
Hypomeres`
Definition
Develop into the prevertebral, intercostal, and abdominal muscles. innervated by the vental rami of spinal nerves.
Term
Limb musculature
Definition
derived from myotomes in upper limb bud region and lower limb bud region.
Term
What does the Posterior Condensation develop into?
Definition
Extensor and supinator musculatore of upper limb. Extensor and abductor musculatures of lower limb.
Term
Anterior Condensation
Definition
Develops into the flexor and pronator musculature of upper limb. flexor and abductor musculature of lower limb.
Term
Where does the smooth muscle of GI tract and tunica media develop from?
Definition
Mesoderm
Term
Where does Cardiac Muscle develop from?
Definition
Mesoderm which becomes myocardium.
Term
Where does the mesoderm of the somites migrate and develop into?
Definition
Limb bud and condenses to eventually form the musculature componenets of upper limbs
Term
Future Limb mesodermal cells
Definition
express the homeobox gene Hox 3.3 before there is any hint of limb bud formation.
Term
Limb mesoderm
Definition
signals ectoderm at the tip of the limb bud to thicken and form the apical actodermal ridge. promotes outgrowth of limb bud by promoting mitosis and preventing terminal differentiation of mesodermal cells at tip of limb bud.
Term
What is the polarizing activity?
Definition
consists of mesodermal cells located at base of limb bud. directs organizationof limb bud and patterning of digits, involve retinoic acid vitamin A and homeobox gene Hox-4.
Term
Digit formation
Definition
occurs as a result of selected apoptosis within the AER suich that five separate regions of AER remian at the tips of the future digits.
Term
What is the vasculature?
Definition
Aortic arch #4 forms the proximal part ofteh right subclavian artery.
Term
7th intersegmental artery
Definition
forms the distal part ofthe right subclavian artery. forms the entire left subclavian artery.
Term
Axis Artery
Definition
.1 Posterior interosseous artery and median artery. 2. Radial artery and ulnar artery 3. Aillary artery, brachial artery, anterior interosseous artery, and depp palmar arch
Term
Thalidomide
Definition
A sedative and antinauseant that causes severe limb anomalies in infants.
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