Term
| what week begins the fetal period |
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Definition
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Term
| what are some of the major changes in the fetal period |
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Definition
| growth and maturation, early in it elongation, later weight gain, head growth slows |
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Term
| what is the clinical vs our definition of the gestation period |
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Definition
clinical: from last period, 280d, 140 weeks
ours: from fertilization, 266d, 138 weeks |
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Term
| what are some of the physical changes in month 3 |
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Definition
| eyes move ventrally, ears raise, limb proportion improves (lower are still behind), bones form, itestinal loops withdraw from the umbilical cord, muscular activity begins, genitalia appear |
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Term
| when do primary ossification centers appear? what do they do first? |
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Definition
| month 3, make scull and long bones |
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Term
| what physical changes occur in month 4/5 |
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Definition
| increased length 15 cm, less than 1 lb still, hair and lanugo hair, eyebrows, fetal movement |
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Term
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Definition
| full body hair, appears in months 4/5 |
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Term
| what physical changes occur in month 6/7 |
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Definition
skin reddish and wrinkled, by the end the length is 25 cm and 1100 grams
no connective tissue or CNS maturity |
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Term
| what is the clinical significance of the end of month 7 |
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Definition
| baby can survive outside mom with medical assistance |
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Term
| what physical changes occur in month 8/9 |
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Definition
| increase in weight due to subcutaneous fat, rounder coutours, vernix caseosa appears, 3000-3400 g, 50 cm head |
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Term
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Definition
| fatty sebaceous gland secretion that appears in month 8/9 over skin |
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Term
| what is the time spand to be considered a pre mature baby |
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Definition
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Term
| how long can a baby stay after its due date |
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Definition
| 2 weeks before it is induced by doctors so it doesnt cause problems |
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Term
| changes in trophoblast of placenta during fetal period |
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Definition
| extensions from out from the villi into the intervillous spaces so circulation is only seperated by the endothelial wall and syncytium |
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Term
| changes in the chorion during the fetal period |
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Definition
villi continue to grow and expand on the embryonic pole becoming the chorion fondosum
villi on abembryonic pole degenerate (chorion leave) |
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Term
| changes in the decudia during the fetal period |
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Definition
| deciduia capsularis over the abembryonic pole stretches and degenerates as the pregnacy progresses, the chorion leave evuntally contacts the uterine wall (deciduia parietalis) and fuses it with obliterating the uterine cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| decuduia (endometrial lining) is adjacent to chorion fondosum and is made of large cells with abundent lipid and glycogen |
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Term
| what is the only part of the chorion that participates in exchange between fetal and maternal circulation |
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Definition
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Term
| chorion fondosum + deciduia basalis = |
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Definition
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Term
| what happens to the chorionic cavity later in pregnacy |
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Definition
| the amniotic cavity expands with pregnacy obliterating the chorionic cavity with the fusion of the amnion and chorion into the amniochorionic membrane |
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Term
| what makes up the amniochorionic membrane? |
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Definition
| the fusion of the amniotic and chorionic cavities |
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Term
| what is the fetal contribution to the placenta structure |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the maternal contribution to the placenta structure |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the layer on the fetal side of the placenta |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the layer on the maternal side of the placenta |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
forms in month 4/5
projections of the decuidia into the intervillous spaces, dont reach chorionic plate, divides placenta into cotyledons |
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Term
| what is the function of cotelydons |
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Definition
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Term
| where is the umbilical cord on the placenta |
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Definition
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Term
| when is the placenta expelled |
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Definition
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Term
| what arteries supply the placenta |
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Definition
| 80-100 spiral arteries let blood into villi |
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Term
| what veins supply the placenta |
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Definition
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Term
| what percentage of mom's blood is inside the placenta |
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Definition
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Term
| gas exchange in the placenta |
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Definition
| simple diffusion between fetal capillaries and villi, senitive to O2 deprivation |
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Term
| what is the rate that the baby extracts O2 from mom? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the placental role in immunity |
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Definition
| mechanisms in it transport IgG and passive immunities to the baby but the less after birth |
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Term
| what kinds of nutrients does the placenta deliver to the baby |
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Definition
| electrolites, aa, fa, carbs, vitamins |
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Term
| what is the timeline of the corpus leutum? how is it maintained over time? |
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Definition
early on LH induces progesterone secretion to develop and maintain it
if mom wasn't pregant, it would die around menstration time
if pregnat, hCG supplies the corpus leutum until the placenta can provide enough progesterone on its own and the corpus leutim dies (end of month 4) |
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Term
| hormones made in the synctytiotropoblast |
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Definition
| progesterone, hCG, estrogenic, somatommotropin |
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Term
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Definition
hormone made in the synctiotrophoblast
mostly estradiol
uterine growth, mammary gland development |
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Term
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Definition
hormone made in the synctiotrophoblast
helps baby to moms glucose first making mom a little diabetogenic
breast development, milk production, growth hormone like |
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Term
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Definition
early ambilical cord
located where ectoderm meets amnion |
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Term
| contents of the umbilical ring |
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Definition
| connecting stalk, allantois, umbilical vessels, yolk stalk, extraembryonic cavity communicates with intraembryonic cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| extension of bladder, in umbilical ring |
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Term
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Definition
| viteline duct and vessels |
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Term
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Definition
as the amniotic cavity expands, amnion begins to envelope the connecting stalk and yolk stalk forming the umbilical cord
evuntally only umbilical vessels and Wharton's jelly will in in it |
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Term
| where is amniotic fluid derived from |
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Definition
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Term
| functions of amniotic fluid |
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Definition
| absorb jolts, prevent adherance of the embryo to the amnion, allow fetal movements, drink for fetus (5 mo), urination area for fetus |
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Term
| how often is the amniotic fluid replaced |
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Definition
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Term
| what do amniotic fluid level changes suggest |
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Definition
| obstructions, no swallowing, not breating, changes in urination |
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